2023年新概念英语第四册第三单元课文原文课文单词详解.doc

新概念英语第四册第三单元课文原文(课文单词详解) 　 新概念英语第四册第三单元Lesson 3 Matterhorn man 马特霍恩山区人Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal--the top! 　It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese accompanied by bread often twelve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as poor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheesemakers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed. 　【用作名词】 　the happy faces of these children这些孩子幸福的面容 　the unacceptable face of social drinking 社交聚会饮酒令人难以接受的一面〔展示；方面〕 　This season's squad has a lot of old faces in it. 本赛季上场队员中有很多老面孔。〔具有某种特质或引发某种联想的〕人 　the north face of the Eiger 艾格尔峰北坡〔a vertical or sloping side of a mountain or cliff〔山或悬崖的〕陡面，斜坡〕 　the front of a building 建筑物正面，外观面 　the obverse of a coin 硬币正面 　【用作动词】 　He turned to face her. 他转过身来面对着她。 　The house faces due east. 房子面向正东。 　The men had faced about to the front. 士兵们转过身来面对正前方。〔士兵〕向…转 　Honesty forced her to face facts. 老实迫使她正视事实。〔confront and deal with or accept 正视，面对；处理；接受〕 　We must face up to the global impacts of our extravagant lifestyles. 我们必须勇敢面对奢华生活方式带来的全球性影响。 　Each defendant faced a maximum sentence of 10 years. 每一被告将面临最长可达十年的刑期。〔have (a difficult event or situation) in prospect 将面临〔难事，困境〕〕 　If you were suddenly faced with an emergency, would you know how to cope 如果突然面对紧急情况，你知道怎样应付吗？(of a problem or difficult situation) present itself to and require action from (someone). 〔问题，困境〕直逼〔某人〕 　The external basement walls were faced with granite slabs. 地下室外墙上贴了一层花岗岩石板。 　【习惯用语】 　face down (或 downwards) 面朝下 　He lay face down on his bed. 他趴在床上。 　If your face didn't fit they could get rid of you within twelve months. 如果你不合要求，他们会在12个月内解雇你。 　face the music 承当后果〔或责任〕 　face up (或 upwards) 面朝上 　Place the panel face up before cutting. 将板面朝上放，然后切割。 　have the face to do something厚颜无耻地做某事(dated)have the effrontery to do something 　in one's face针对某人；迎面；当某人走近时 directly at or against one; as one approaches 　She slammed the door in my face. 她对着我砰地关上了门。 　in face (或the face of) 面临，面对着 when confronted with 　her resolution in the face of the enemy 她面对敌人时的决心 　Reform had been introduced in the face of considerable opposition.尽管有许多反对意见，还是实行了改革。 　in your face 　lose face丢脸；受辱 suffer a loss of respect; be humiliated 　make (或 pull) a face (或 faces) 做鬼脸〔或怪相〕produce an expression on one's face that shows dislike, disgust, or some other negative emotion, or that is intended to be amusing 　I had a great time going out clubbing and getting off my face.我在外集会结社，喝得醉醺醺的，愉快极了。 　save someone's face使保全面子；使免受羞辱 enable someone to retain respect or avoid humiliation 　to one's face当着某人的面 openly in one's presence 　Their faces were pinched with grief. 他们的面容因悲伤而憔悴。 　The children's faces were brightened up when they saw their parents appear at the gate of the kindergarten. 当孩子们看到家长们出现在幼儿园门口时, 都喜形于色。 　All the houses there face south. 那里所有房子都朝南。 　He turned and faced us. 他转过身面向我们。 　She sat on Mother's right, facing Mary. 她坐到妈妈右边, 脸朝着玛丽。 　He feels nervous when he faces so many people. 面对那么多人, 他感到紧张。 　He sat facing the door. 他面对着门坐着。 　He was prepared to face the consequences. 他准备承当后果。 　He faced being isolated from society. 他面临被社会抛弃的危险。 　a smiling face 笑脸 　the right [wrong] face 正[反]面 　the face of the earth 地球的外表 　have a face to say that 脸皮厚得竟能讲出这种话 　in the first face 乍看起来 　on the first face 乍看起来 　come face to face with sb. 与某人面对面相遇 　have one's face lifted 施行整容手术 　have the face 竟敢厚颜地, 恬不知耻地(干某事) 　have the face to do sth. 竟敢厚颜地, 恬不知耻地(干某事) 　in sb.'s face 正对着某人; 当着某人的面 　in the face of 面临; 不管 　look sb. in the face 问心无愧地正视某人, 坦然无畏地正视某人 　look sth. in the face 勇敢地面对某事物 　lose one's face 丢脸, 失面子 　make a face 做鬼脸或怪相 　make a long fa