从存在主义女性主义分析《逃离》中卡拉的第二性公共管理专业.docx

Acknowledgements Thanks for giving a chance to express my gratitude. This well-done thesis is guided by my attentive and patient supervisor Wang Fan who has helped me work out an outline of the paper, gave me valuable suggestions on how to collect materials and organize my paper, and inspired me to think my paper deeply. As for that, I’m very grateful. Secondly, I want to thank Alice Munro’s distinguished short story Runaway. Thanks are also extended to CNKI providing many helpful masters’ theses and academic journals. In addition, I wish to thank the library that supplied me with reference materials of great value. Without the support and assistance above, this thesis would not have been possible. Thanks again. Abstract Alice Munro, one of the most famous Canadian writers today, is well-known for short stories. Alice Munro won the Nobel Literature Prize by Runaway in 2013. In recent years, studying Runaway has been becoming a vogue in scholars at home and abroad, mostly from the perspectives of literature criticism, imagism and free-feminism. This paper will analyze the second sex of Carla in Runaway from the perspective of existentialist feminism. Through explaining reasons behind Carla’s runaways--a failure and a success, this paper will explore “the Other” and “internality” in Carla’s female consciousness. It is divided into five parts. The first part will give briefly introductions about Alice Munro and Runaway. The second part will state existentialism, existentialist feminism and the second sex. The third part will analyze relationships between Carla and other roles in this short story from the perspective of the development of Carla’s female consciousness. The fourth part will analyze the second sex of Carla from the perspective of existentialist feminism. The fifth part will give a conclusion that immature development of Carla’s female consciousness caused the two different results of runaways, that is to say, “the Other” and “Internality” made it difficult to be independent completely for Carla. Key Words: Alice Munro; Runaway; existentialist feminism; the second sex 摘 要 艾丽丝门罗是当代最著名的加拿大作家之一，以短篇小说闻名于世，2013年因《逃离》一书获诺贝尔文学奖。近年来，国内外学者对此小说的研究逐渐火热， 主要是从文学批评、意象主义及自由女性主义角度进行分析解读。 本文将从存在主义女性主义角度分析《逃离》一书中卡拉的第二性。通过解读卡拉两次逃离的成功与失败背后的原因，探究卡拉女性意识发展中的“他者”及“内在性”。 本文分五部分： 第一部分：介绍艾丽丝门罗与《逃离》； 第二部分：阐述存在主义、存在主义女性主义及第二性； 第三部分：从卡拉的女性意识发展的角度来分析小说中其他角色与卡拉的关系； 第四部分：从存在主义女性主义的角度来分析卡拉的第二性意识； 第五部分：通过本文的分析，得出结论：卡拉两次逃离的结果是由于她女性意识发展的不成熟，即“他者”和“内在性”使卡拉在精神上难以完全独立。 关键词：艾丽丝门罗；《逃离》；存在主义女性主义；第二性 Contents TOC \o "1-2" \h \u 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction of Alice Munro 1 1.2 Introduction of the plot of Runaway 2 2. Literature Review 3 2.1 Accounts on Existentialism 4 2.2 Existentialist Feminism 7 2.3 The Second Sex 7 3. Relationships Between Carla and Others 8 3.1 Carla and Her Family 9 3.2 Carla and Clark 9 3.3 Carla and Flora 10 3.4 Carla and Sylvia 10 4. Analysis of the Second Sex of Carla 11 4.1 The First Runaway of Carla and the Second Sex 11 4.2 The Second Runaway of Carla and the Second Sex 12 4.3 The Two Runaways of Carla and the Male-dominated Internality 13 5. Conclusion 13 Bibliography 15 The Analysis of the Second Sex of Carla in Runaway from the Perspective of Existentialist Feminism 1. Introduction Firstly, this part will introduce Alice Munro about her life, short stories and writing style. Then it will briefly tell the spot of Runaway. 1.1 Introduction of Alice Munro Alice Munro, Canadian writer, was born in Wingham, Ontario in 1931. In her early age, Alice Munro started to write novels, among which included Runaway, Dance of the Happy Shades, The Process of Love and Lives of Girls and Women. Munro’s fiction is most often set in her native Huron County in southwestern Ontario. What she mainly writes are the normal daily lives of normal citizens in common towns, but involved themes are usually related to illness and death. Cynthia Ozick, American Jewish writer, said that Alice Munro is today’s Chekhov. In most comments of occidental media a very generous name, the greatest novelist, is given to Alice Munro. She won the Nobel Prize in Literature in October 10, 2013. The first short story of Munro is Dance of the Happy Shades (1968) which gets Canada’s Governor General’s Literary Award. Alice Munro’s collections of stories include Friends of My Youth (1973), Open Secrets (1994), The Love of a Good Woman (1996), Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage (2001), Runaway (2004), etc. The View from Castle Rock published in 2006 is her latest work. She ever published a long story named Lives of Girls and Women (1973) which got little people’s attention. What this story reflects is that common people, especially women, live a common and ordinary life which always reveals their tragical fates. Munro said herself, “where I want to make readers astonished is not what happened but the way of happening”. Munro’s writing styles talk about birth, senility, illness and death from the