合作原则下英文笑话的生成机制分析英语教学专业.docx

摘 要 随着语言学在世界范围内的发展，人们对于语言学的研究更加深入，许多国内外著名语言学家对此做出极大贡献。语言学的重要之处也体现在交流中，从语用角度来看，笑话作为一种特殊的信息交流方式，受到越来越多的语言研究者的重视。本文以格莱斯的合作原则为理论基础分析英文笑话产生的生成机制。旨在揭示通过违反合作原则生成幽默效果的机理。在英文笑话中，人们故意违反合作原则，听者通过其中的会话含义来感知它。本文研究运用会话合作原则理论分析不同英文笑话违背合作原则后的深层意义，以更好地理解笑话并达到幽默的目的。 根据格莱斯的合作原则为理论框架，本文选取近年来流行的英文笑话作为研究对象，对英文笑话产生的幽默效果进行探讨和分析。通过定性定量和案例分析的方法分析各个笑话是如何通过违反合作原则而生成的。研究得出，在合作原则的四条准则中，英语笑话经常使用数量准则（42.22％）和方式准则（28.89％），其次是关系准则（16.67％）和质量准则（12.22％）。合作原则的违背是语言艺术。笑话使用这种方法产生一种奇特的效果，使对话更有趣。英文笑话的生成机理就是通过违反合作原则使其在对话中出现不合作现象，在对话中产生深层含义，产生幽默。因此我们可以得出结论，大多数笑话都违反了合作原则，从而达到意料之外和幽默的目的并且令人心情愉悦的效果。 关键词: 英文笑话；幽默；合作原则；违反 燕山大学本科生毕业论文 摘要 Abstract With the development of linguistics in the world, people have more in-depth study of linguistics. Many famous linguists at home and abroad have made great contributions to this. The importance of linguistics is also reflected in communication. From the perspective of pragmatics, jokes as a special way of information exchange, is valued by more and more language researchers. This thesis examines the humor of English jokes by using Cooperative Principle(CP) of Grice. It aims to point out that the violation of Cooperative Principle can produce the humor. In those English jokes, people deliberately violate the cooperative principle, the listener perceive it with conversational implicature in communication. This research analyses the deep meaning of different English jokes in violation of cooperative principle by using the theory of conversational cooperative principle in pragmatics. Thus people can understand the jokes better and achieve the goal of humor.  Based on H.P. Grice’s cooperative principle as the theoretical frame, this paper choose the English jokes which is popular in recent years as the research object to discuss and analyse the magical effect of English jokes. It uses quantitative and qualitative method and case analysis to analyze how jokes are caused by violating CP. It is found from my study that in the four maxims of cooperative principle, the English jokes tend to use the Maxim of Quantity(42.22%) and the Maxim of Manner(28.89%) frequently, followed by the Maxim of Relation(16.67%) and the Maxim of Quality(12.22%). The violation of cooperative principle is art of language. The jokes use this method to produce a magical effect to make the conversation more interesting. The generative mechanism of English jokes is to violate the CP and cause them to appear deep meaning in the dialogue and generate humor. Therefore, we can conclude that most of jokes are in violation of the cooperative principle to make people laugh and feel unexpected in order to achieve the goal of humor.  Keywords: English jokes; humor; cooperative principle; violation Chapter1 Introduction Chapter 1 makes a brief introduction to the background, objectives, significance and structure of this study. 1.1 Background of the study As we all know, humor has always been a part of our daily life and communication, and jokes are one of the most vivid aspects of humor. A joke is a phrase, a short story, or a conversation that can make the speaker and listener feel funny or have a sense of humor.  Joke is different from ordinary conversation. It often violate the cooperative principle to satisfy their unique social and entertainment functions. The main function of jokes is to make people laugh and let people feel feel frightened and joyful after facing unexpected words and actions and results. The unique function of joke determines that the jokes is different from daily ordinary conversation. It is characterized by frequent violations of some of these maxims. The two parties to a conversation in a joke often take an uncooperative attitude in understanding the meaning of the conversation, deliberately misinterpreting the other person’s meaning, or guiding the other person to infer the wrong meaning, and then adding a sentence to cancel the meaning. That is why the jokes make sense. The Cooperative Principle was proposed by American language philosopher Grice, who believes that inthe process of communication, the two sides seem to intentionally or unintentionally follow a certain principle, in order to cooperate with the completion of communication tasks effectively. Make yourconversational contribution such as is required at the stage at which it occurs, by the acceptedpurpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. The Cooperative Principle has four maxims, including The Maxim of Quantity, The Maxim of Quality, The Maxim of Relation, and The Maxim of Manner. 1.2 Objectives of the study  This research will analyse the English jokes of recent years from the perspective of pragmatics and help the listener better understand the deep meaning of jokes. The English jokes deliberately violate the Cooperative Principle to achieve its purpose of humor and make the conversation interest. Hopefully, it will provide answers to the following questions: In what situation people will violate CP to make jokes? How do t