2023年中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧讲课教案.doc

中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧讲课教案 　中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧 　中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧 　魏德明 　教学目的：提高学生的阅读技能 　重点：怎样获取有用信息 　难点：如何正确的做出推理判断？ 　教学过程： 　中考中阅读的考点及所占的比重 　第一节 共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分。测试考生阅读理解书面英语并获取信息的能力。要求考生阅读4篇短文，并根据阅读材料从每题所提供的选项中选出最正确选项或选择句子补全短文。 　第二节 共10小题；A)局部每题2分，B)局部每题1分，总分值15分。要求考生根据所提供的短文和情景，选择最正确选项补全语篇。 　阅读题的阅读方式和解题步骤 　阅读方式：快速阅读〔略读〕，仔细阅读〔精读〕 　解题步骤：读题---读文章---解题 　三、阅读题题型 　〔一〕细节理解题 　解题技巧： 　通读短文，领会文章大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意： 　1. 五个W 〔who， which， when， where, what 〕和一个H 〔 how 〕； 　2. 数字、日期、时间等； 　3. 注意加强语气的词。然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最正确答案。 　You may know the song Happy Birthday very well. But do you know about its writer It was written by an American girl. And she became very rich after that.〔2023夹江二调〕 　51. The song Happy Birthday was written by . 　A. an American girl 　B. an American girl’s grandma 　C. an American girl’s friend 　One day, there was a blind man called John sitting on the bench〔长凳〕with a hat by his feet and a sign that read, I am blind. Please help me.〞 〔乐山13二调〕 　51. What's the blind man's name 　A. Tom. B. John. C. Tony. 　〔二〕词句理解题 　解题技巧： 　1. 正确理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义。 　2. 根据上下文猜想词义的技巧： 　〔1〕注意定义和解释； 　〔2〕同义词或近义词的提示； 　〔3〕近义词和反义词的提示； 　〔4〕利用悬念的属种关系； 　〔5〕借助已有知识或生活常识。 　 Under the new rules, local governments must make sure that students attend nearby schools or boarding 〔寄宿的〕schools to reduce traffic risks〔风险〕. Also, local governments must help kids in the countryside reach their school buses. (2023乐山中考) 　51. What does the underlined word“attend〞mean 　A. join in B. drop out C. go to 　She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But the waitress returned with the change the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it: “Somebody once helped me the way I’m helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others.〞 Under the note were nine more $100 bills. 〔2023乐山二调〕 　59. The underlined word “it〞 (paragraph 5) refers to “ 〞. 　A. the change B. the bill C. the note D. the order 　〔三〕推理判断题 　解题技巧： 　1. 分析文章的主旨。 　2. 分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。 　3. 寻找文章的逻辑思路。 　4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句的联系。 　A man was selling a new kind of vacuum cleaner〔真空吸尘器〕. He went from street to street. After some time, he knocked on the door of a house on the street. 　A lady opened the door. “Good morning, Madam,〞 said the young man. “If I could take a few minutes of your time, I would like to introduce the very latest vacuum cleaners.〞 “Go away!〞 cried out the woman. 　In a moment, the young man rushed into her living room and opened a big black bag. Then he poured a pile of cow droppings〔一堆牛粪〕 onto the floor. “Madam, if I cannot clean this up with this new vacuum cleaner, I will eat them all!〞 cried the confident young man. “Do you need ketchup〔番茄酱〕with that asked the lady. 　The young man was confused (困惑的). “Why, madam he asked。 “There's no electricity in the house, said the lady. 　51. The young man was probably a (an) . 　A. salesmanB. cleaner C. troublemaker 　〔四〕归纳概括题 　解题技巧： 　通读全文，了解大意，灵活运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等方法，准确理解文章的话题和中心思想。有时还要求对作者表达的意图和观点作进一步剖析，甚至推测作者的语气和态度等。 　一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。 　In our life, we may meet person with different personalities. What is your personality type Read about the following and find out! 　A Dreamer thinks there is a right way to do things. This person wants to live in the perfect world. Many are good listeners and like to help others. Many Dreamers work as teachers, and often lead others. Famous Dreamers: Mohandas Gandhi, Angelina Jolie. 　A Partner wants to be in a group. For this person, rules are important. They consider tradition to be of great value. Partners are often serious, careful people. Many do well as teachers, managers and police officers. Famous Partners: Queen ElizabethⅡ，Mother Teresa. 　For Thinkers, understanding things is very important. They like to deal with problems and make new things. Thinkers can also be active. They like to win. They have very strong opinions. Many Thinkers work as scientists, inventors and engineers. Famous Thinkers: Bill Gates, Stephen Hawking. 　Artists want to be free. They don't want to follow the rules all the time. They also like trying new things. Like Thinkers, many Artists have strong opinions. They are creative and do well as musicians and actors. Famous Artists: Cristiano Ronald, Madonna. 　60. Which could be the best title for the passage 　A. Famous People B. Personality Types C. Perfect World 　四、稳固练习 　A 　We were going to play against a team from a country school. 　They didn’t come until the last minute. They looked worse than we had thought. They were wearing dirty blue trousers and looked like farm boys. 　We sat down for a rest. We felt that we didn’t need any practice against a team like that. The game began. One of us got the ball and he shot a long pass to our forward (前锋). From out of nowhere a boy in an old T-