2023年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习2阅读理解4新人教版.docx

阅读理解突破(四) ——词义猜想题 1．词义猜想题的提问方式 (1)The word “...〞 refers to/probably means________. (2)The underlined word “...〞 could best be replaced by________. (3)What do you think the expression “...〞 stands for (4)By saying “...〞 we mean________. (5)“...〞 as used in the passage can best be defined as________. (6)Which of the following words can take the place of the word “...〞？ 2．词义猜想题的解题策略 (1)利用“同义关系〞猜想词义 ①被考查的词汇在文章中往往被同义词、同位语、定语从句等来解释或限定,根据这些词可以很容易猜想词义。 ②作者常常会用be,mean,refer to,in other words,that is (to say)等指示性词或词组来对某一词或词组进行解释,那么所给生词和指示词后的含义相同。 ③有时候标点符号,如破折号、冒号或括号均可以表示同义关系或解释。 ④有时作者也常用such as,like,for example,for instance等进一步解释说明前面某一词句或某一现象。通过所举的例子,便可理解生词的含义。 (2)利用上下文的“比照、转折〞关系来猜想词义 通过意思相反或对应的两个句子或两局部来判断其中某一局部的意思。这时只要知道其中一局部的含义,那么另一局部也就一目了然了。两局部之间常用while,but,however,on the contrary,on the other hand等来表示转折,根据这样的标志词可准确解释词义。 (3)根据上下文的因果关系理解词义 有什么样的原因就会产生什么样的结果。因果关系是文章中一种很普通的语言表达关系。在这种关系中如果知道了原因,结果也就不难知道了；反之,如果知道了结果,原因也就不难发现。 (4)利用构词法来猜想词义 很多词是通过构词法得来的,考生假设掌握了一定的构词法知识,就不难猜出它们的词义。 中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀： super­(超),inter­(在……之间),­able(能……的),mini­(极少的,微型的),micro­(极微小的),re­(再,反复),sub­(分支的,底下),co­(共同),post­(后),pre­(前),trans­(通过,转换),under­(在……之下,次于,缺乏),­hood (状态,性质,时期),­ish (如……的,有点儿……的),­proof (防……的),­scope (……镜),­ship(身份,资格,权力,性质),­some (易于……的),­wards (向),mis­(误,恶),un­(不,非),in­(不,非),im­(不,非),dis­(不),non­(不,非),­less(不,无),anti­(反,防),Sino­(中国) 1 Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair admitted on a television programme that he had never sent flowers to his wife Cherie and that Hollywood beauty Grace Kelly was his dream lover. Blair,who allowed Channel 4 interviewer June Sarpong to shadow him for two days last month,made other personal revelations when asked questions he rarely hears on the usual television political programs. During the interview for a program targeting 18—30 year olds,the prime minister admitted that he sometimes had to “wing it〞 when making public appearances and that he wanted to go out for a drink without being recognized. However,the most dramatic revelation was his reply to Sarpong’s question whether he still sends his wife flowers.“I’ve never sent her flowers.If I sent her flowers,she would get worried,〞Blair said.But he added,“I am romantic.There are other ways of being romantic.〞 Blair needed a few moments to recall what posters he had on his bedroom wall as a youngster,and then revealed,“I’ll tell you...actually,when I was young,I loved Grace Kelly.〞 Blair admitted that he initially found it “odd〞 to be prime minister and to be rushed in motorcades from appointment to appointment,and worried that his lifestyle left him “a bit isolated〞 from ordinary people. He admitted that he was constantly on the phone between public appearances,and rarely had time to prepare for his next event,telling Sarpong,“I wing it all the time.〞 Asked what he would do if he could be invisible for a day,Blair said he would “just walk down the street and go to the pub...just be absolutely normal.〞 1．What does the underlined word “shadow〞 in Paragraph 2 mean A．follow and interview B．shade C．stay with D．keep away from 答案　A 解析　根据第二段内容可知,Sarpong是第四频道的主持人,然后根据后面的内容可知, Sarpong对Blair进行了采访。由此可知,A项符合题意,即跟随Blair并对他进行采访； C项最具有迷惑性,但是它没有突出interview,因此不恰当。 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 mean A．Blair didn’t take his public appearances seriously. B．Blair didn’t know what to say before the public. C．Blair often had to do or talked about something without preparation. D．Blair wanted to get away from the public. 答案　C 解析　此题是根据上下文的因果关系猜想词义。由第七段可知,Blair在公共场合露面 的间隙总是不停地在接打 ,几乎没有时间来准备他的下一个活动,所以只能是“随 机应变,即兴表演〞了。因此,只有C项符合题意,即在没有准备的情况下说话或做 事。误选B项和D项属断章取义,不符合常理。 3．Which word can be used to describe Blair according to this passage A．Serious. B．Easy­going. C．Kind. D．Dull. 答案　B 解析　文章告诉我们,Blair答复了很多平时从未有人向他提过的问题,并且自曝了很 多个人的隐私。这说明Blair是个随和的人。 2 (2023·全国Ⅰ,D) It’s not easy being a teenager(13至19岁的青少年)—nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager.You can make your child feel angry,hurt,or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself.It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you’ll still be there for him when he needs you. Expect a lot from your child,just not everything.Except for health and safety problems,such as drug use or careless driving,consider everything else open to discussion.If your child is unwilling to discuss something,don’t insist he tell you what’s on his mind.The more you insist,the more likely that he’ll clam up.Instead,let him attempt to solve(解决) things by himself.At the same time,remind him that you’re always there for him should he seek advice or help.Show respect for your teenager’s privacy(隐私)．Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations. Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family.If your child talks on the family’s telephone for too long,tell him he can talk for 15 minutes,but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal