2023年高考英语一轮随堂限时备考练习1完形填空5新人教版.docx

完形填空突破(五) ——语境化选择题 1．利用褒贬语境,判断是非曲直 几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性,这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者的写作意图,因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断,从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的根底上推断出每一空的准确信息,找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子,大胆预测下文。 典例 When I took the first exam,I was 38 (shocked) to find a 77,C­plus,on my test paper, 39 (for) English was my best subject.I went to Professor Jayne,who listened to my arguments but remained 40 . (2023·北京) 40．A.unchanged B．unpleasant C．unfriendly D．unmoved 答案　D 解析　此题属于根据语境判断是非曲直题。考生需要根据语境和上下文的关系来确定答案。Jayne教授听了我的理由,但通过but的转折可知,他并未被我打动,而是显得无动于衷。unmoved无动于衷的,符合语境。 2．防止只重语意,忽略习惯搭配 ,是广阔考生丢分最严重的题目。其原因是考生只注重语境,而无视了词汇的习惯搭配。所以考生在准确掌握语境的同时,更要注意所要填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前面或后面某个词汇的习惯搭配,尤其要注意其与介词或副词的连用特点等。 典例 On a warm Monday,Jenny Neilson bought a sandwich and parked her car under some trees.Rolling down the windows to 41 in fresh air,she settled back to enjoy her lunch. (2023·湖北) 41．A.bring B．let C．gather D．send 答案　B 解析　此题考查固定搭配。let in放进,允许进入,符合句意。bring in赚得；吸引； gather in收获,收割；send in寄去(处理)。此处文意是“她摇下车窗放一些新鲜空气进来〞,而不是为了收集空气,显然只有B项恰当。 3．巧妙利用平行结构,准确判断逻辑关系 平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称,内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其意义的关联或比照这一特点来设空。高考完形填空常常会出现这样一些平行结构,掌握与这些结构极为相似的句子可大大提高解题效率。 典例 Not all of these 21 (fairies) are the friendly,people­loving characters that appear in Disney films,and in some folktales they are 22 (cruel) and cause much human suffering.This is true in the tales about the Changeling.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost 24 to the parents. (2023·广东) B．slim C．short D．small 24．A.uncomfortable B．unbelievable C．unacceptable D．unrecognizable 解析　23题是典型的平行结构试题。根据and可知,其前后为并列关系,pale意思是“苍 白的〞,与之并列的应是sick,表示“有病的,生病的〞。而根据前面的“changed so much〞可知,后面的结果应是“对父母来说几乎是难以识别的〞,故24题答案为D。 1 (2023·安阳二次统考) She had been shopping with her Mom in Wal­Mart.She must have been 6 years old.It was　1　outside.We all stood just　2　the door of the Wal­Mart. Her voice was so sweet for the　3　waiting.“Mom,let’s run through the rain,〞 she said. “What？〞 Mom asked. “Let’s run through the rain！〞 She　4　. “No,’ll wait until it　5　down a bit,〞 Mom replied. This young child waited about　6　minute and repeated,“Mom,let’s run through the rain.〞 “We’ll get soaked if we do,〞 Mom said. “No,we won’t,Mom.That’s not what you said this morning,〞 the young girl said as she　 　7　her Mom’s arm. “This morning？When did I say we could run through the rain and not get　8　？〞 “Don’t you remember？When you were talking to Daddy about his cancer,you said,‘If God can get us　9　this,he can get us through anything！’〞 10 you couldn’t hear anything but the rain.We all stood 11 and thought for a moment about what she would say. “Honey,you are absolutely right.Let’s run through the rain.If we get wet,maybe we just need 12 ,〞 Mom said.Then off they ran. We all stood watching,smiling and laughing as they 13 past the cars.They held their shopping 14 over their heads just in case.They got soaked.But they were 15 by a few who screamed and laughed like children all the 16 to their cars.And yes,I did.I ran.I got wet.I needed washing.Circumstances or people can take away your 17 possessions,they can take away your money,and they can take away your 18 .But no one can ever take away your precious 19 .So,don’t forget to 20 time and take the opportunities to make memories every day! 1．A.quarrelling B．pouring C．snowing D．trembling 答案　B 解析　考查语境和动词。由下文可知,外面下着雨,故用pour。pour有“(雨)倾泻,滂 沱〞之意。quarrel争吵,争辩；snow下雪；tremble发抖,均不符合语境。 B．behind C．inside D．outside 答案　C 解析　考查语境。根据常识,下了大雨,当然应躲在门的里面。beside在……旁边；behind 在……后面；inside在……里面；outside在……外边。应选C项。 3．A.annoying B．interesting C．appreciating D．expecting 答案　A 解析　考查语境。躲雨等待的感受应该不是很舒服的,应选用annoying,意思是“使烦 恼的〞。interesting有趣的；appreciating欣赏的；expecting期望的,均与语境不符。 B．declared C．repeated D．announced 答案　C 解析　考查语境。由上下文可知,此处女儿又重复了一遍,故用repeated。answer为单 纯地答复,没有重复之意,不是最正确答案。declare断言；宣布；announce宣布,这两个 词的使用环境与此处不符,故排除。 B．comes C．cuts D．slows 答案　D 解析　考查语境。根据语境可知,妈妈的意思是等到雨小一些再走,故用slows。slow down 慢下来；bring down击落；降低；come down下降,下落；cut down砍倒；削减。根据 短语的意思可知,D项正确。 6．A.a more B．other C．an another D．another 答案　D 解析　考查词语辨析。此处意为“小女孩又等了一分钟。〞another加单数名词或加数词 和复数名词,表示“再,又〞之意。another minute同one more minute,但不能用a more minute。 7．A.pulled B．hit C．pushed D．dragged 答案　A 解析　考查语境。小女孩应是“拉住〞妈妈的胳膊。hit表示“击,打〞之意；push推； drag拖,拖曳；缓慢而费力地行动；pull为一般意义的“拖,拉〞。应选A项。 8．A.hurt B．wet C．wounded D．slipped 答案　B 解析　考查语境。结合语境,上文提到妈妈说如果冒雨走的话会淋湿的,此处是妈妈表 示自己的困惑“我什么时候说过冒雨走而不会淋湿？〞hurt使受伤；wound使受伤；slip 滑倒,均不符合句意。 9．A.off B．over C．through D．in 答案　C 解析　考查介词搭配和照应。get through表示“通过,使成功〞,符合句意“如果上帝 让我们渡过这一关,他就能让我们克服一切！〞主句和从句均用get through。get off下 车；动身；get over克服,战胜(困难等)；get in到达；收获。 B．swore C．promised D．observed 答案　B 解析　考查动词。作者在表达那时的感受,强调除了雨声之外一片寂静。swear意思是 “宣誓保证〞,强调作者对当时情景的印象之深。r