180Univ.Chem.2023,38(1),180–186收稿:2022-01-24;录用:2022-03-11;网络发表:2022-04-06*通讯作者,Email:dongym@jiangnan.edu.cn基金资助:江苏省教学改革项目(2021JSJG351)•化学实验•doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202201052www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn黄豆蛋白胶体的制备和聚沉高海燕,董玉明*,杜佳琼,宁峥雯,陈雯清江南大学化学与材料工程学院,江苏无锡214122摘要:物理化学中胶体化学部分原有实验是氢氧化铁胶体制备和电泳速率测定,属于验证性实验,对胶体特征的表征局限于电学性质,缺少对粒径、光学性质的表征探究及创新训练。本文通过黄豆蛋白胶体的制备、表征和聚沉,将原先的验证性实验改进为具有综合性和探究性的实验。通过物理分散法获得黄豆蛋白胶体,对其粒径、光学性质、电学性质进行了表征,并对聚沉条件进行探究,最终获得豆腐产品。结果表明,黄豆蛋白胶体粒径范围为20–120nm、最可几分布为51nm,胶粒平均带电−41.8mV。通过丁达尔效应,在与入射光垂直方向观察到散射的蓝光,并观察到透过的光呈橙红色。通过探究反离子种类、温度、pH等条件的影响,加深了对植物蛋白胶体聚沉过程的理解。该实验引入了现代Zeta电位及粒度分析仪,加入了蛋白质聚沉的特殊情况,强化对书本知识的延伸应用。产品豆腐与生活密切联系,有利于思政教育,彰显化学魅力。关键词:创新实验;胶体;豆腐;黄豆蛋白;聚沉中图分类号:G64;O6PreparationandAggregationofSoybeanProteinColloidsHaiyanGao,YumingDong*,JiaqiongDu,ZhengwenNing,WenqingChenSchoolofChemistryandMaterialsEngineering,JiangnanUniversity,Wuxi214122,JiangsuProvince,China.Abstract:Inthecolloidalchemistrypartofphysicalchemistrycourse,theoriginalexperimentisthepreparationofironhydroxidecolloidandthedeterminationofelectrophoresisrate,whichareconfirmatoryexperiments.Furthermore,theresultingcharacterizationofcolloidsislimitedtoelectricalpropertieswithnoconsiderationofparticlesizeoropticalproperties.Inthispaper,thepreparation,characterization,andaggregationofsoybeanproteincolloidswerestudiedandtheexperimentswereimprovedfromtheoriginalconfirmatoryexperimenttoacomprehensive,exploratoryexperiment.Soybeanproteincolloidswerepreparedusingthephysicaldispersionmethod,andtheresultingparticlesizewasthencharacterized,aswellastheopt...