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珠三角典型地区大气污染时段VOCs特征及化学反应活性_廖彤.pdf
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珠三角 典型 地区 大气污染 时段 VOCs 特征 化学反应 活性 廖彤
第 43 卷第 1 期2023 年 1 月Vol.43,No.1Jan.,2023环境科学学报Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae珠三角典型地区大气污染时段 VOCs 特征及化学反应活性廖彤1,2,张涛1,2,*,周炎1,2,陈多宏1,2,王新明31.广东省生态环境监测中心,国家环境保护区域空气质量监测重点实验室,广东省环境保护大气二次污染研究重点实验室,广州 5103082.广东省环珠江口气候环境与空气质量变化野外科学观测研究站,广州 5102753.中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州 510640摘要:于2016年在广东大气超级监测站,开展4个季节的VOCs、O3和PM2.5长时间、高分辨率的连续观测,共获得2142组有效数据,并利用OH消耗速率(LOH)、臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOAFP)3种评价方法以及HYSPLIT模型,分析珠三角典型地区大气污染时段VOCs特征及化学反应活性.结果表明,PM2.5高值时段,除异戊二烯外,其余各种VOCs的平均浓度水平高于O3高值时段.3种情境中,VOCs化学反应活性由强到弱依次为PM2.5高值时段、观测期间、O3高值时段.在O3高值时段,来自珠三角东部地区气团中VOCs的浓度水平最高,而来自珠江西岸气团中VOCs的LOH和OFP最高,其次为来自珠三角东部的气团,这说明在珠江西岸和珠三角东部地区有大量的强化学反应活性污染物排放.来自北方内陆地区气团中苯系物占比较高,其SOAFP最高.在PM2.5高值时段,来自南部海洋气团中VOCs的混合比、LOH、OFP和SOAFP均最高,其次为来自东北内陆地区气团中VOCs的OFP和SOAFP.来自粤西南地区的气团,由于苯系物和低碳烯烃占比达到50%,其LOH仅次于来自于南部海洋的气团.关键词:珠三角;挥发性有机物;二次有机气溶胶;化学反应活性;轨迹聚类文章编号:0253-2468(2023)01-0229-08 中图分类号:X513 文献标识码:ACharacteristics and chemical reactivity of VOCs during air pollution process in typical areas of the Pearl River DeltaLIAO Tong1,2,ZHANG Tao1,2,*,ZHOU Yan1,2,CHEN Duohong1,2,WANG Xinming31.State Environmental Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring,Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Secondary Air Pollution Research,Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 5103082.Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary,Guangzhou 5102753.State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640Abstract:A long-term and high-resolution observation of VOCs,O3 and PM2.5 at Guangdong Atmospheric Supersite(GAS)was conducted in four seasons in 2016,and a total of 2142 sets of valid data were obtained;by employing three evaluation methods of OH loss rate(LOH),Ozone Formation Potential(OFP)and Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation Potential(SOAFP)and HYSPLIT model,characteristics and chemical reactivity of VOCs during air pollution process in typical areas of the Pearl River Delta were analyzed.The results showed that the average concentrations of VOCs except isoprene were higher during the period of high PM2.5 than during the time of high O3.The chemical reactivities of VOCs in the order of strong to weak were the period of high PM2.5,the observation periods and the time of high O3.During the high concentration periods of O3,the highest concentration of VOCs were in the air masses from the eastern Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,while the highest LOH and OFP of VOCs were found in the air masses from the west coast of the PRD region,followed by the air masses from the eastern PRD region,indicating that a large amount of pollutants with strong chemical reactivity were emitted in the western and the eastern PRD regions.The highest SOAFP was found in the air masses from the northern inland region with a high benzene series.During the period of high PM2.5,the mixing ratio of VOCs,LOH,OFP and SOAFP were highest in the air masses from the southern ocean,followed by OFP and SOAFP of VOCs in the air masses from the northeast inland areas.The air masses from the southwest of DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2022.0412廖彤,张涛,周炎,等.2023.珠三角典型地区大气污染时段VOCs特征及化学反应活性 J.环境科学学报,43(1):229-236LIAO Tong,ZHANG Tao,ZHOU Yan,et al.2023.Characteristics and chemical reactivity of VOCs during air pollution process in typical areas of the Pearl River Delta J.Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,43(1):229-236收稿日期:2022-08-31 修回日期:2022-10-20 录用日期:2022-11-15基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2020B1111360003);广东省科技计划项目(科技创新平台类)(No.2019B121201002)作者简介:廖彤(1969),男,E-mail:;*责任作者,E-mail:环境科学学报43 卷Guangdong Province are second only to those from the southern ocean in terms of LOH due to the 50%share of benzene series and low carbon olefins.Keywords:Pearl River Delta;volatile organic compounds;secondary organic aerosol;chemical reactivity;trajectory clustering1引言(Introduction)随着经济社会持续快速发展,以京津冀、长三角、珠三角为代表的经济快速发展地区出现不同程度的区域大气复合污染问题,特别是以O3和PM2.5为特征的区域性光化学烟雾污染(Zhang et al.,2008;Guo et al.,2009;Wang et al.,2016).珠三角地区作为中国人口最密集的地区之一,光化学烟雾污染问题尤为突出.19942007年的连续地面O3浓度观测结果表明,区域O3背景浓度以“0.5810-9 a-1”速度增长(Wang et al.,2009).根据粤港澳珠三角区域空气质量监测网络2021年报,自20062021年,区域内SO2、NO2和PM10的环境浓度呈明显下降趋势,而O3浓度的年平均值比2006年上升了34%.VOCs作为O3的重要前体物,在强光照、低风速、低湿度等条件下,可与羟基自由基(OH)引发和氮氧化合物之间发生光化学反应,反应过程中产生过氧烷基(RO2)、过氧羟基(HO2)等自由基中间体会促使NO向NO2转变,最终光解形成O3(Seinfeld et al.,2016).同时,经过一系列化学反应生成氧化性较强的二次有机物,如过氧乙酰基硝酸酯(PAN)等(Taylor,1969;Singh et al.,1992).加之,某些二次有机物由于其较低的蒸汽压,可通过成核作用、凝结、气粒分配等过程形成PM2.5的重要组分二次有机气溶胶(Secondary Organic Aerosol,SOA).相比一次有机气溶胶(Primary Organic Aerosol,POA),SOA对环境气候变化和人体健康有着更大的影响(陈多宏等,2014).另外,由于珠三角地区O3浓度的增加,进一步增强了大气氧化性,从而促进了SOA的生成,减缓PM2.5浓度的下降速度(颜丰华等,2021).近年来,国内外很多专家学者针对珠三角地区的VOCs污染特征及其对O3、SOA的生成贡献进行了一系列的研究,但多基于手工监测,时间分辨率较低,不能揭示其日变化规律(Barletta et al.,2005;Liu et al.,2009;Guo et al.,2009;Louie et al.,2013;Zhang et al.,2015;Zhang et al.,2016),或者持续时间相对较短(裴成磊等,2021),未能反映大气污染时段VOCs的时空分布特征及其对O3、SOA的生成变化规律(Wang et al.,2014;Li et al.,2015).加之,VOCs大气来源广泛、化学反应活性各异(区家敏,2014),因此,难以形成有效的污染管控措施(邓圩,

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