高地应力“强度_应力”耦合判据及其分级标准_宫凤强.pdf

书书书Journal of Engineering Geology工程地质学报10049665/2022/30(6)-1893-21宫凤强，代金豪，王明洋，等 2022 高地应力“强度 应力”耦合判据及其分级标准J 工程地质学报，30(6):18931913 doi:1013544/jcnkijeg20220644Gong Fengqiang，Dai Jinhao，Wang Mingyang，et al 2022“Strength Stress”coupling criterion and its grading standard for high geostressJ Jour-nal of Engineering Geology，30(6):18931913 doi:1013544/jcnkijeg20220644高地应力“强度 应力”耦合判据及其分级标准*宫凤强代金豪王明洋黄书岭徐磊(东南大学土木工程学院，南京 211189，中国)(爆炸冲击防灾减灾国家重点实验室，中国人民解放军陆军工程大学，南京 210007，中国)(长江科学院，水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室，武汉 430010，中国)摘要众多地下工程建设始终处于高地应力环境中，岩体初始应力是地下工程围岩变形破坏的先天条件和主导因素。“高地应力”术语及概念出现和地下工程围岩特殊破坏现象紧密联系，属于工程概念范畴。随着地下工程数量越来越多并逐渐向深部发展，高地应力诱发的围岩破坏现象日益显著，严重影响工程稳定性。现有的高地应力定量分级判据多采用强度应力比值形式，没有充分考虑岩石强度、应力两个指标的绝对值大小和耦合关系。本文在讨论现有分级判据、收集实际工程案例数据以及分析高地应力破坏现象显现过程的基础上，提出了高地应力“强度 应力”耦合判据及其定量分级标准。高地应力“强度 应力”耦合判据的表现形式为 3 条考虑岩石饱和单轴抗压强度 c以及和初始最大主应力 1耦合的边界线，边界线以内的区域为高地应力区、边界线以外的区域为低地应力区。该判据特点是既考虑初始最大主应力、岩石饱和单轴抗压强度的绝对值边界条件，同时也考虑两者耦合区间。研究结果表明:基于二维尺度提出的“强度 应力”耦合判据，针对 86 个典型地下工程的高地应力判别结果和工程现场高地应力显现形式完全相符，可以在实际地下工程中推广应用。基于“强度 应力”耦合判据的高地应力区分级标准能较好地判别围岩破坏现象的剧烈程度，可为工程灾害的预防提供参考。关键词岩石地下工程;初始地应力;高地应力;定量判据;强度应力比;强度 应力耦合判据中图分类号:TD32;TU45文献标识码:Adoi:1013544/jcnkijeg20220644*收稿日期:20220901;修回日期:20221130基金项目:国家自然科学基金(资助号:42077244)，中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(资助号:2242022k30054)This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No 42077244)and the Fundamental esearch Funds for theCentral Universities of Southeast University(Grant No 2242022k30054)第一(通讯)作者简介:宫凤强(1979)，男，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事岩爆、冲击地压等工程地质灾害发生机理、深部岩石动力学等方面的科研与教学工作 E-mail:fengqiangg126com“STENGTH STESS”COUPLING CITEION AND ITS GADINGSTANDAD FO HIGH GEOSTESSGONG FengqiangDAI JinhaoWANG MingyangHUANG ShulingXU Lei(School of Civil Engineering，Southeast University，Nanjing 211189，China)(State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Explosion and Impact，Army Engineering University of PLA，Nanjing 210007，China)(Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water esources，Changjiang iver Scientific esearchInstitute，Wuhan 430010，China)AbstractThe construction of many underground projects can be in high geostress environment，and the initialgeostress is the precondition and dominate factor for deformation and failure of underground surrounding rock Theterm and concept of“high geostress”are closely related to the abnormal failure of surrounding rock in undergroundengineering and belong to the engineering concept category The failure of surrounding rock attributed to highgeostress is becoming increasingly significant with increasing burial depth of underground projects，which seriouslyinfluences the stability of engineering projects Although various quantitative classification criteria have been pro-posed，they are mostly established in the form of rock strength to geostress ratio，without fully considering the abso-lute magnitude and coupling relationship between rock strength and geostress In this paper，a“strength stress”coupling criterion and its quantitative grading standard for high geostress rock failure are proposed via discussing theexisting classification criteria，collecting the related engineering cases，and analyzing the failure progress of highgeostress rock This coupling criterion is expressed by 3 boundary lines considering the saturated rock uniaxial com-pressive strength cand the initial maximum principal stress 1 The area enclosed by the boundary lines representsthe high geostress zone，and that outside the boundary lines represents the low geostress zone The coupling criterionis characterized by considering both the absolute boundary conditions of cand 1，as well as their coupling inter-val Through an evaluation of geostress grades in 86 typical underground projects，it is found that the judgments ofthis two-dimensional“strength stress”coupling criterion are favorably consistent with the in situ rock failure phe-nomena Thus，this criterion can be applied to the practical underground engineering Moreover，the rating stand-ards of high geostress zone of this“strength stress”coupling criterion can better identify the failure intensity ofsurrounding rock，which can provide a reference for the prevention of engineering disastersKey wordsUnderground rock engineering;Initial geostress;High geostress;Quantitative criteria;Strength-stressratio;“Strength stress”coupling criterion0引言随着我国对能源、资源和交通日益增长的需求，资源开采和基础设施建设不断向地球深部进军，很多国家重大工程中涉及的深埋隧道或水电厂房、深部矿井等深部工程数量越来越多、规模越来越大(黄润秋等，1997;何满潮等，2005)。目前，在交通隧道领域，峨汉高速公路隧道最大埋深 1944 m，某交通线路隧道最大埋深 2600 m(李利平等，2021);在水电隧洞领域，引汉济渭输水隧洞最大埋深2012 m，锦屏水电站引水隧洞最大埋深 2025 m(李利平等，2021);在地热开采领域，文登威海荣成威海深部地热测温孔达 3000 m(李利平等，2021);在金属资源开采领域，2000 年以前我国只有 2 座矿山开采深度达到或接近 1000 m(王琼杰，2017)，目前开采深度超过 1000 m 的金属矿山有 16座(赵兴东等，2021);在深部地下实验室领域，中国锦屏地下实验室垂直岩石覆盖厚度达 2400 m(李邵军等，2021)。可见，深部资源开采和地下空间开发建设已趋于常态化。随着深部工程数量日益增多，开挖过程中诸如矿柱劈裂、地下厂房高边墙劈裂缝、洞壁板裂、岩爆等围岩非常规破坏现象逐渐显现(宫凤强等，2007a，2007b，2010;王明洋，2010;王明洋等，2010，2021;王钱款等，2021;赵兴东等，2021;张重远等，2022)，严重威胁地下工程的安全建设。例如，我国最大埋深为 2525 m 的锦屏二级水电站的辅助洞、施工排水洞开挖发生岩爆 570 多次，洞壁多呈片状或板状破裂、剥落或崩出，常造成支护结构失效以及工期延误(Li et al，2011);发生在该工程引水隧洞的“