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鄂尔多斯
盆地
延长
地层
对比
方案
沉积
认识
崔景伟
书书书第 25 卷第 1 期2023 年2 月古地理学报JOUNAL OF PALAEOGEOGAPHY(Chinese Edition)Vol.25No.1Feb 2023文章编号:16711505(2023)01009312DOI:107605/gdlxb202301007鄂尔多斯盆地延长组等时地层对比方案与沉积新认识*崔景伟1,2朱如凯1,2徐旺林1孙远实1毛治国1,2白斌11 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 1000832 中国石油油气储层重点实验室,北京 100083摘要鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组石油年产量超 3500104t,然而该主力产层现行的“标志层约束、油层组等厚劈分”划分方案,在油气勘探开发实践中受到挑战。作者利用不同沉积体系长 7 油层组内凝灰岩定年数据和盆地庆城北地区新采集的高品质三维地震数据体,开展同位素年代学研究和钻井资料约束下的高精度地震地层解释。锆石定年结果表明盆地东南部长 7 油层组属于中三叠世,锆石 IDTIMS 定年可实现不同沉积体系高精度地层对比。同时,在庆城北三维工区延长组长 2 油层组底至长 73油层组顶解释识别出 11 个前积地质体,刻画出长7 油层组中 6 个前积体进积演化规律。针对延长组陆相地层等时划分难点,提出建立不同物源体系长 7 油层组高精度地层定年“锚点”,利用提频地震数据与测井小层对比“穿线”,重新划分高频层序“格架”,建立延长组地层“等时”对比方案。该研究有助于延长组油藏分布规律的认识,也为其他陆相湖盆沉积演化和地层等时对比提供了可资借鉴的范例。关键词前积体地层对比UPb 定年延长组三叠系鄂尔多斯盆地第一作者简介崔景伟,男,1980 年生,2011 年毕业于中国石油大学(北京)并获博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事油藏地球化学和非常规油气地质学研究。E-mail:cuijingweipe-。通讯作者简介朱如凯,男,1968 年生,1996 年毕业于北京大学并获博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事沉积学、储层地质学、非常规油气地质学研究。E-mail:zrkpetrochi-。中图分类号:P534.51文献标志码:A*中国石油“十四五”前瞻性基础性重大科技项目(编号:2021DJ04)资助。Financially supported by the“14th Five-Year”Forward-looking Basic Science and Technology Project of PetroChina(No.2021DJ04)收稿日期:20220218改回日期:20220627New cognition and isochronous stratigraphic division schemeof the Yanchang Formation sedimentation in Ordos BasinCUI Jingwei1,2ZHU ukai1,2XU Wanglin1SUN Yuanshi1MAO Zhiguo1,2BAI Bin11 esearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China2 Key Laboratory of Petroleum eservoir,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,ChinaAbstractThe annual oil production of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin exceeds3500104t However,the current division scheme of“marker layer constraints and equal-thickness split-ting of oil formations”for this main production layer is challenged in the practice of oil and gas explorationand development Using the dating data of tuffs in the Chang 7 interval of different sedimentary systems and古地理学报2023 年 2 月the high-quality 3D seismic data volume newly collected in the Qingchengbei area of the basin,strati-graphic isotopic chronology studies and high-precision seismic stratigraphic interpretation under the con-straints of drilling data were carried out respectively The zircon dating results show that the Chang 7 inter-val in the southeast of the basin belongs to the Middle Triassic,and it is suggested that zircon ID-TIMSdating can achieve high-precision stratigraphic correlation of different sedimentary systems At the sametime,11 prograding bodies were identified from the bottom of Chang 2 interval to the top of Chang 73inter-val in Yanchang Formation in North Qingcheng 3D work area,and the evolution of six prograding bodiesin Chang 7 interval was described Aiming at the difficulty of isochronous division of continental strata inthe Yanchang Formation,it is proposed to establish high-precision stratigraphic dating“anchor points”forthe Chang 7 interval of different provenance systems,and use the elevated frequency seismic data to com-pare with well logging small layers to“mathch”and re-divide the high-frequency layers The sequence“framework”was established,and the isochronous comparison scheme of the Yanchang Formation was es-tablished This study is helpful for summarizing the oil distribution law of Yanchang Formation,and alsoprovides a reference for the sedimentary evolution and stratigraphic isochronous comparison of other conti-nental lacustrine basinsKey wordsprogradation body,stratigraphic correlation,U-Pb dating,Yanchang Formation,Tri-assic,Ordos BasinAbout the first authorCUI Jingwei,born in 1980,received his Ph.D degree from China Uni-versity of Petroleum(Beijing)in 2011 He is a senior engineer in esearch Institute of Petroleum Explo-ration and Development,PetroChina,specializing in reservoir geochemistry and unconventional petroleumgeology E-mail:About the corresponding authorZHU ukai,born in 1968,received his Ph.D from PekingUniversity in 1996 Currently,he is a professor-level senior engineer in esearch Institute of PetroleumExploration and Development,PetroChina His research interests include sedimentology,reservoir geo-logy,and unconventional petroleum geology E-mail:国际上,陆相地层研究主要集中在 2 个尺度,大区域尺度上建立海、陆地层对比关系,特别是陆相地层地方性年代地层建“阶”,解决全球海、陆地层年代对比问题;盆地尺度上,开展高分辨率层序地层对比,探究盆地内部油气生储盖配置关系(李 思 田 等,1995;李 亚 等,2016;童 金 南 等,2019)。鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系分布广,沉积序列发育完整,研究基础也相对较好,特别是鄂尔多斯盆地的“铜川组植物群”被认为具有中三叠世的典型特色(邓胜徽等,2018)。Gradstein 等(2012)在地质年表中,提出利用植物、孢粉、叶肢介及脊椎动物(四足动物)等作为陆相区域建阶的标志,但目前还没得到同行们的公认,也没有全球公认的陆相阶的确立。由于陆相盆地具有物源多、相带窄、相变快、沉积中心多等特点,导致陆相地层划分对比比海相地层难度更大。起源于被动大陆边缘的海相地层的层序地层学核心是建立等时地层格架,但陆相层序形成的控制因素复杂,且陆相地层中具有强的自旋回性,其层序模式在陆相地层中的应用也存在争论(Aitken and Flint,1995)。地层研究沿着多重地层方向在发展,它研究地层的成因、组成、环境、年代、历史及与生物进化的关系等(张守信,1979)。三叠系延长组是鄂尔多斯盆地主要的含油层系,在盆地东部一般厚 12001700 m,按照标志层和岩性特征,通常自下而上分为 5 个岩性段即 T3y1长石砂岩段、T3y2油页岩段、T3y3含油砂岩段、T3y4块状砂岩段和 T3y5瓦窑堡煤系。随着勘探工作不断向盆地内部的扩展和钻井资料的增多,除将地表研究中五分法引入地下外,还按岩性、电性和含油特征再自上而下将其细分为 10 个油层组。但长期以来认为延长期湖盆演化具有“整体升降、49第 25 卷第 1 期崔景伟等:鄂尔多斯盆地延长组等时地层对比方案与沉积新认识平起平落”的特征,按照“标志层约束、大体等厚、旋回对比”的思路,主要应用测井资料,以各段凝灰岩为标志层进行地层对比,基本上等厚划分(惠潇等,2021)。二维资料已经揭示出前积反射特征,根据前积反射的外部形态与地层叠置关系进行层序划分,提出延长组前积