2005年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

2005年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English人类的嗅觉药原文朗读词汇讲解第一段1The human nose is an underrated tool.【词汇注释】underrateindarctv.过低评价：低估tooltun.(有助于完成某事的)用具，器具【结构切分】The human nosean underrated tool.主语系动词表语【全句译文】人类鼻子的功用没有得到应有的认识。2Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,but this is largelybecause,unlike animals,we stand upright.【词汇注释】insensitiveInsensativa.不敏感的largelyha:d3liad.主要地smellersmel3n.闻味者uprightApraitad.竖立着；垂直地comparekampe3(r)v.比较【结构切分】分句1：Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,主语被动态谓语+状语主语Humans的补足语比较状语分句2：but thislargely表语从句because,.unlike animals,we stand upright.主句：连词主语系动词程度状语引导词插入语主语谓语状语【全句译文】人类通常被认为嗅觉不如动物灵敏，但这主要是由于和动物不同一我们是直立的。3 This means that our noses are limited to perceiving those smells which float through the air,missing the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.【词汇注释】meanminv.结果是；意味着missmIs.未觉察；未闻到limithmtv.限制；限定majoritymad3 Dratin.大部分；大多数perceivep3sivv.感知：闻到surfaces3:fisn.表面floatflautv.浮动：漂浮【结构切分】whichfloat through the air,引导词作主语谓语地点状语those smells的定语从句主句：This meansmeansf的that our nosesare limited to perceiving those smells主语谓语宾语从句引导词主语被动态谓语状语伴随状语1smells的whichstick to surfacesmissing the majority of smells定语从句引导词作主语谓语状语【全句译文】这就意味着我们的鼻子仅能感知在空气中飘过的气味，而闻不到大多数附着于物体表面的气味。4In fact,though,we are extremely sensitive to smells,even if we do not generally realize it.【词汇注释】extremelyikstri:mliad.极其：非常generallyd3 enraliad.通常【结构切分】主句：In fact,though,we are extremely senstitive to smells,让步状语even if we do not generally realize it.插入语主语系动词程度状语表语从句引导词主语谓语+状语宾语【全句译文】可实际上，我们对气味极其敏感，尽管我们通常意识不到这一点。5Our noses are capable of detecting human smells even when these are diluted to far below onepart in one million.【词汇注释】be capable of doing sth有能力做某事dilutedarlu:tv.稀释：减弱detectdrtektv.察觉：发现part圈pa:tn.(度量单位的)等份【结构切分】主句：Our noses arecapable of detecting human smells主语系动词表语个时间状语从句even whenthese are diluted to far below one part in one million.状语引导词主语被动态谓语状语【全句译文】即使把人类的气味稀释到远不及原来的百万分之一，我们的鼻子仍然能够察觉到它们的存在。第二段1Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,whereasothers are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.老肝人精牌家园【词汇注释】strangelystreind3:liad.奇怪地：异常地whereas,wearazcom.然而；但是【结构切分】分句l:Strangely,.some people findfind的that they can smell one type of flower but not another,主句：插入语主语谓语宾语从句引导词主语谓语宾语1连词状语宾语2分句2：whereas others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers连词主语系动词表语【全句译文】奇怪的是，有些人发现，他们可以闻到某一种花香，却闻不到另一种，而另一些人则对两种花香都很敏感。2This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smellreceptors in the nose.【词汇注释】gened3i:nn.基因particularp3trkjala(r)a.特定的：特指的generated3 enareitu.生成receptorrnsepto(r)n.感受器；受体【结构切分】主句：Thismay be主语情态动词+系动词个表语从句because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smell receptors in the nose.引导词主语谓语宾语the genesi的后置定语【全句译文】这可能是因为部分人缺乏某种能够在鼻子中生成特定的气味感受器的基因。3These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send messages to the brain.【词汇注释】cellseln.细胞messagemesid3n.信号；信息sensesensv.感知：感觉到【结构切分】主句：These receptors are the cells the cellsf的whichsense smells and send messages to the brain.主语系动词表语定语从句引导词作主语谓语1宾语1连词谓语2宾语2状语【全句译文】这些感受器是可以感知气味并向大脑发送信息的细胞。4However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenlybecome sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough.【词汇注释】whenwenconj.t如果exposekspavz.接触：体验【结构切分】when exposed to it often enough.条件状语主句：However.thas been found主语从句厂thateven people can suddenly become sensitive to it衔接词形式主语被动态谓语引导词状语主语”状语+系动词表语people的后置定语insensitive to a certain smell at first3【全句译文】然而研究发现，即使是一开始对某种特定的气味不敏感的人，如果经常接触这种气际，也会突然变得对它敏感起来。P第三段1The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it inefficient to keep allsmell receptors working all the time but can create new receptors if necessary.【词汇注释】explanationeksplonejnn.原因；理由seemsimv.似乎：看来insensitivityin,sens3trvatin,不敏感inefficientnrfufnta.效率低的【结构切分】主句：The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be主语explanationf的后置定语系动词if necessary.个表语从句条件状语that the brain findstinefficient to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can create new receptor引导词主语谓语1形式宾语宾语t的补足语真正的宾语1连词谓语2宾语2【全句译文】对气味不敏感的原因似乎是这样：大脑发现让所有的气味感受器一直工作效率太低.不过可以在必要时产生新的感受器2This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells-we simply do not needto be.【词汇注释】simplystmpliad.(引出概括或解释)不过：只是need to do sth需要做某事【结构切分】分句I:This may also explain may also explaint的whywe are not usually sensitive to our own smells主句：主语谓语+状语宾语从句引导词主语系动词状语表语分句2：we simply do not need to be.主语状语谓语宾语【全句译文】这或许也能解释为什么我们通常对自己的气味不敏感一我们只不过是不需要而已。3We are not aware of the usual smell of our own house,but we notice new smells when we visitsomeone elses.【词汇注释】be aware of意识到：察觉到newnju:】a.不熟悉的noticenaus.注意到：闻到visitvIzty.拜访【结构切分】分句1：We are not aware of the usual smell of our own house主语系动词表语分句2：butwe notice new smells时间状语从句when we visit someone elses主句：连词主语谓语宾语引导词主语谓语宾语【全句译文】我们察觉不到自己家中惯有的气味，但是当我们拜访别人家时就会察觉到不熟悉的气味。4The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signalssuch as the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire.【词汇注释】availableaveilabla,有效用的signalsignaln.信号unfamiliaranfamrlia(r)a.不熟悉的indicateIndikeity.表明emergencyim3:d3nsin.紧急状况【结构切分】主句：The brain findsitbestto keep smell receptors available for unfamiliar and emergency signals主语谓语形式宾语宾语it的补足语真正宾语unfamiliar and emergency signals的同位语such as the smell of smoke,the smell of smokef的定语从句个whichmight indicate the danger of fire.引导词作主语谓语宾语【全句译文】大脑发现，让气味感受器可随时用于接收不熟悉的紧急信号，例如可能预示着火灾险情的烟味，才是最佳选择。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AE党Text1动物的公平意识安第一段原文朗读词汇讲解DEverybody loves a fat pay rise.【词汇注释】fatfeta,丰厚的：巨额的riseraIzn.(工资)增长pmy圈pern.工资；薪水【结构切分】Everybody loves a fat pay rise.主语谓语宾语【全句译文】人人都爱丰厚加薪。2Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.【词汇注释】pleasureple3(r)n.快乐；乐趣learnl3n得知：获悉vanishvenv.不复存在；消亡colleaguekoli:gn.同事5