2009年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

3Plenty of other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is whento stop【词汇注释】plenty of大量：许多speciesspi:ji:zn.物种learnl3nv.学习；认识到apparentlyparantliad.似乎：好像【结构切分】分句1：Plenty of other speciesareable to learn,主语系动词表语分句2：andone of the thingswhen to stoptheyve apparently learned连词主语系动词表语主语+谓语+状语the things的定语从句【全句译文】许多其他物种也有学习能力，而它们似乎已经认识到的事情之一便是何时停止学习。第三段DIs there an adaptive value to limited intelligence?【词汇注释】adaptiveadaptrva.适应性的limitedlmtda.有限的valuevalju:n.价值；益处【结构切分】Is therean adaptive value to limited intelligence?there be句型主语【全句译文】有限的智力是否存在适应性价值？2Thats the question behind this new research.【词汇注释】behindbrhaindprep.在背后（表示原因）【结构切分】Thatsthe question behind this new research主语+系动词表语question的后置定语【全句译文】这正是此项新研究背后的问题。3Instead of casting a wistful glance backward at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise,itimplicitly asks what the real ostsofo intelligence might be,hg去2南字同【词汇注释】castkastv.向投以视线wistfulwIstfla.忧思的；愁眉苦脸的3glancegla:nsn.一瞥；扫视望尘莫及backwardbakwadad.向后地；朝后地-wise suffix.（构成副词)在方面leave sb in the dust把某人远远抛在后面：使某人implicitlyImplisitliad.含蓄地【结构切分】主句：it implicitly asksasks的宾what the real costs of our own intelligencemight be.主语状语谓语语从句引导词主语系动词不状语Instead of casting a wistful glance backward at all the speciesall the speciesweve leftin the dust I.Q.-wis短语介词现在分词短语作介词宾语(cast a glance at sth结构的定语从句主语+谓语宾语补足语状语【全句译文】该研究没有怅然地匆匆回望所有那些在智力上被我们远远甩在身后的物种，而是含蓄地提出一个问题：我们所独有的智力到底会有怎样的代价？4This is on the mind of every animal weve ever met【词汇注释】on the mind of sb/onsbs mind某人心里所想的【结构切分】主句：Thison the mind of every animalevery animal的weve ever met.主语系动词表语定语从句主语+谓语+状语【全句译文】这是我们曾遇到的所有动物心中所想的问题。第四段DResearch on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would performon humans if they had the chance.【词汇注释】performpofomv.做：执行chancetansn.机会【结构切分】主句：Research on animal intelligencealso makesuswonder主语状语谓语宾语宾语us的补足语wonder的宾语从句what experiments animals would perform on humans条件状语if they had the chance.引导词主语谓语状语从句引导词主语谓语宾语【全句译文】对动物智力的研究还让我们想知道：如果动物有机会的话，它们会对人类做什么样的实验。2Every cat with an owner,for instance,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.【词汇注释】owneraun(r)n.主人smal-scalesmp:lskela.小规模的for instance例如operant conditioning操作条件反射（由刺激引起run圈rAnv.进行（测试或检验）的行为改变)】4【结构切分】Every catll with an owner,for instance,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.主语插入语谓语宾语【全句译文】比如说，每只有主人的猫都在进行着小规模的操作条件反射研究。3We believe that if animals ran the labs,they would test us to determine the limits of ourpatience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.【词汇注释】runrAnv.管理；经营patiencepensn.耐心；忍耐力lablxbn.实验室faithfulnessfer0lnasn.忠诚determinedrt3mny.测定memorymemorin.记忆力limitlmtn.极限：上限locationlaukejnn.地点：位置【结构切分】主句：We believebelieve的that they would test us主语谓语宾语从句引导词主语谓语宾语条件状语从句目的状语if animals ranthe labs,to determine the limitsll of our patience,引导词主语谓语宾语our faithfulness,our memory for locations【全句译文】我们认为假如动物掌管实验室的话，他们会对我们进行实验以测定我们的忍耐力、忠诚度以及方位记忆力的极限。4They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really for,not merely how much of itthere is.【词汇注释】decidedrsardv.判定：判断not merely不仅仅【结构切分】whatintelligence in humans isreally for,主句：decidel的引导词主语系动词表语Theywould tryto decide主语谓语宾语宾语从句not merelyhow much of itthere is.状语引导词there be句型【全句译文】它们会试图判定人类智力的真正用途，而不仅仅是人类的智力有多高。5Above all,they would hope to study a fundamental question:Are humans actually aware of theworld they live in?信公众品【热T老杯】调【词汇注释】above all最重要的是be aware of sth意识到某事；了解某事fundamentalfand3mentla.基本的；根本的5