Unit4 Fine Arts-Western, Chinese and Pop Arts（上）+语法精讲.pdf

Unit4 Fine Arts-Western,Chinese and Pop Arts（上）（上）Three most common misconceptions about art.+语法精讲语法精讲Myth 1.Art is all about serious mattersIn 1919,Duchamp took a postcard reproduction of Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa and drew a moustacheLeonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa and drew a moustache on the her face.Below he wrote the letters,L.H.O.O.Q.,which meansBelow he wrote the letters,L.H.O.O.Q.,which means“Shes got the hots”in French.Later art historians believe that“Duchampattacked bourgeois reverence(崇拜崇拜)for Old Master painting,as well as the age-old ideal of oil painting tithil(巅峰巅峰)ft”representing the pinnacle(巅峰巅峰)of art.”Myth 2.Art is spiritual and pure.yppAndy Warhol,the great modern artist,openly declared that art was aopenly declared that art was a commodity,and that he was manufacturing a product even a massmanufacturing a product,even a mass-produced one.Ift hd hiidtIn fact,he even named his midtown Manhattan studio “The Factory.”Myth 3.Viewing art in museum is no longer unnecessary.Very small or very large paintings fascinates people mostpeople most.You are about to see the Night Watch(Dutch:Nachtwacht)by Rembrandt van RijnNachtwacht)by Rembrandt van Rijn.Its 3,6 x 4,3 meters(yep,thats huge!).These kids love it Why?Because itsThese kids love it.Why?Because it s something you cant see at home or in a textbooktextbook.1Describe Paintingsbeautifulgvivid realisticlifelikefantasticlovelypricelessabstractmysticfantasticwonderful pricelessdetailedyimaginaryvaluableinvaluableinterestingcolourfulcharmingattractiveWords and Phrases1.This is a painting by the Spanish artist,Pablo Picasso,considered to be the greatest western artist of the twentieth century.这是西班牙画家巴勃罗这是西班牙画家巴勃罗毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为是二十世纪西方最伟大的画家是二十世纪西方最伟大的画家是二十世纪西方最伟大的画家是二十世纪西方最伟大的画家consider v.考虑，认为考虑，认为 considerate adj.体贴的体贴的idbldj 重要的重要的相当大的相当大的 considerable adj.重要的重要的；相当大的相当大的 consideration n.考虑考虑 in consideration of 考虑到；作为考虑到；作为报酬报酬 consider sb./sth.to be/as认为某人认为某人/某物是某物是 consider it+adj.+to do sth.认为做认为做是是j认为做认为做是是 consider it+adj.+that 认为认为是是 sb.+is considered+to have done sth.某人被认为做过某事某人被认为做过某事2.Pop art was an important modern art movement that aimed to show ordinary twentieth century city life.波普艺术是波普艺术是一一个重要的现代艺术流派个重要的现代艺术流派，着眼于展现着眼于展现20世纪普通的城世纪普通的城波普艺术是个重要的现代艺术流派波普艺术是个重要的现代艺术流派，着眼于展现着眼于展现20世纪普通的城世纪普通的城市生活。市生活。aim to do sth.=aim at doing sth.目标是目标是；目的在于目的在于aim n.目标目标 v.瞄准瞄准 aim to do sth.aim at doing sth.目标是目标是；目的在于目的在于 aim sth.at.把某物瞄准；对准把某物瞄准；对准 take aim at 对准对准 with the aim of doing sth 为了为了(做做)with the aim of doing sth.为了为了(做做)23.Im studying art at school,and I enjoy it a lot,although I can get3.I m studying art at school,and I enjoy it a lot,although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time.我在学校学习艺术我在学校学习艺术虽然有时会很烦总是看画虽然有时会很烦总是看画但我仍然沉醉其但我仍然沉醉其我在学校学习艺术我在学校学习艺术，虽然有时会很烦总是看画虽然有时会很烦总是看画，但我仍然沉醉其但我仍然沉醉其中。中。辨析：辨析：although/though【例【例1】（全国卷）】（全国卷）he has limited technical knowledge,the old worker has a lot of _g,experience.A SinceB UnlessC AsD AlthoughA.Since B.UnlessC.As D.Althoughtired adj.疲倦的；陈旧的疲倦的；陈旧的 tiring adj.令人疲倦的；麻烦的令人疲倦的；麻烦的 tire v.（使）厌烦（使）厌烦/疲劳疲劳 tiredness n 疲劳疲劳倦怠倦怠 tiredness n.疲劳疲劳，倦怠倦怠 be tired of=be bored with 对对感到厌烦感到厌烦 be tired with/from 由于由于感到疲劳感到疲劳 be tired out筋疲力尽筋疲力尽 be tired out 筋疲力尽筋疲力尽辨析：辨析：be tired of与与be tired from be tired of表示“对表示“对感到厌烦”感到厌烦”Im tired of watching television.Lets go for a walk.我看烦了电视我看烦了电视，我们去散散步吧我们去散散步吧！我看烦了电视我看烦了电视，我们去散散步吧我们去散散步吧！be tired from表示“因表示“因而疲倦”而疲倦”Im very tired from running as fast as I can.奋力奋力奔奔跑后跑后，我感到很疲倦。我感到很疲倦。奔奔，4 Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully4.Qi Baishi observed the world of nature very carefully,and his paintings are special because of this.齐白对自然界的察非常齐白对自然界的察非常他的作也此为他的作也此为齐白齐白石石对自然界的对自然界的观观察非常察非常仔细，仔细，他的作他的作品品也也以以此为此为特色。特色。3observevt.遵守；观察；庆祝遵守；观察；庆祝 Do they observe Christmas Day in that country?Do they observe Christmas Day in that country?那个国家的人圣诞节庆祝吗那个国家的人圣诞节庆祝吗?They faithfully observed the rules.他们忠实地遵守规则。他们忠实地遵守规则。vi.注意，观察；说，评述注意，观察；说，评述 He observes carefully but says little He observes carefully but says little.他总是仔细观察他总是仔细观察,很少说话。很少说话。词汇派生词汇派生observer n.遵守者，观察员遵守者，观察员observation n.观察，注意观察，注意observing adj 注意的注意的留心的留心的observing adj.注意的注意的，留心的留心的常用结构常用结构 observe on/upon 谈论谈论,评论评论 observe the customs/discipline/traffic rules遵守风俗遵守风俗/纪律纪律/交通规则交通规则遵守风俗遵守风俗/纪律纪律/交通规则交通规则 observe ones birthday庆祝生日庆祝生日察某某事察某某事 observe sb.do sth.观观察察到到某某人做人做某事某事 observe sb.doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事观察到某人正在做某事【例【例3】（】（2008湖北，湖北，23）Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still _ the traditional customs.traditional customs.A.perform B.possess C.observe D.support 5.But I cant stand that picture of a goldenhaired girl.pgg但我受不了那幅金发女郎的画。但我受不了那幅金发女郎的画。stand：stand：n.看台；立场看台；立场vi.站立，起立站立，起立vt.忍受；抵御忍受；抵御4stand短语短语(1)stand for 代表，支持代表，支持(2)td b 支持支持袖手旁观袖手旁观(2)stand by 支持支持；袖手旁观袖手旁观(3)stand out 突出，显眼突出，显眼(4)stand aside 站到一边站到一边(5)stand behind支持支持(5)stand behind 支持支持(6)stand up 站立；站起来站立；站起来(7)stand up to 经受得住，勇敢反对注：常用于否定句或疑问句；不用进行时经受得住，勇敢反对注：常用于否定句或疑问句；不用进行时1.UK stands for United Kingdom.1.UK stands for United Kingdom.UK代表英国。代表英国。2I cannot stand his temper2.I cannot stand his temper.我不能忍受他的脾气。我不能忍受他的脾气。3.We cannot stand by and watch while our allies are attacked.我们的盟友受到攻击时我们不能袖手旁观。我们的盟友受到攻击时我们不能袖手旁观。4.One article in this collection stands out from all the others.这本文集中有这本文集中有一一篇文章比其他所有文章更出色篇文章比其他所有文章更出色。这本文集中有篇文章比其他所有文章更出色这本文集中有篇文章比其他所有文章更出色。忍受：忍受：bear/stand/tolerate/put up with用法举例用法举例bear忍受痛苦忍受痛苦、损失损失、不幸等不幸等,I can bear a lossbear忍受痛苦忍受痛苦、损失损失、不幸等不幸等,强调忍受能力强调忍受能力,不强调态度不强调态度I can bear a loss.td忍受痛苦忍受痛苦损失损失不幸等不幸等Shld t td b istand忍受痛苦忍受痛苦、损失损失、不幸等不幸等,强调自我约制强调自我约制,不屈不挠不屈不挠She couldnt stand being kept waiting.tolerate 容忍和自己的愿望相反的容忍和自己的愿望相反的The teacher cannottolerate 容忍和自己的愿望相反的容忍和自己的愿望相反的事事The teacher cannot tolerate eating in the class.t容忍某些不愉快的或有轻容忍某些不愉快的或有轻Ill httith thput up with容忍某些不愉快的或有轻容忍某些不愉快的或有轻微伤害的事情微伤害的事情Ill have to put up with the noise.【例【例4】（】（2005山东）山东）Modern plastics can _ very high and very low temperatures.A.stand B.hold C.carryD.support consider sb./sth.to be/as斐斐小测斐斐小测 consider sb./sth.to be/as aim to do it aim at 辨析：辨析：be tired of与与be tired from observe sb.do sth.stand for 辨析：辨析：bear/stand/tolerate/put up with5语法精讲语法精讲动名词的形式动名词的形式动名词动名词动名词的形式动名词的形式动名词动名词主动被动主动被动一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done一般式一般式:Seeing is believing.gg被动式被动式:He came to the party without being invited.完成式完成式:We remembered having seen the film.完成被动式完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou完成被动式完成被动式：He forgot having been taken to Guangzhouwhen he was five years old.否定式否定式(not+动名词动名词):I regret not following his advice.动名词的作用动名词的作用主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语动名词动名词动名词动名词做主语做主语1.Collecting stamps is interesting.做主语做主语2.当动名词短语作主语时常用当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。如：作形式主语。如：a waste(of)a waste(of)It is no use/good+V.ingworthwhile作宾语作宾语We have to prevent the air from being polluted.注意：动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语。若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语注意：动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语。若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it。如：。如：We found it no good making fun of others.作表语作表语Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children.注意保持前后致性注意保持前后致性注意保持前后注意保持前后一一致性致性To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.6作定语作定语动名词做定语置于名词前，表示用途和性质。动名词做定语置于名词前，表示用途和性质。a walking stick 手杖手杖g手杖手杖 a waiting room 等候室等候室 a washing machine 洗衣机洗衣机 a washing machine 洗衣机洗衣机 a changing room 更衣室更衣室 an operating table 手术台手术台 a collecting tin 存钱罐存钱罐 a sleeping car 卧铺车卧铺车动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构动名词前可加逻辑主语构成复合结构动名词前可加逻辑主语构成复合结构物主代词（如物主代词（如his,my）名词所有格（如）名词所有格（如Jacks）人称代词的宾格（如人称代词的宾格（如him,me）名词名词（如如Jack）+V.ing名词名词（如如Jack）【例【例1】（】（2014湖南卷）湖南卷）_ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotionslearning to convey your affection and emotions.A.UnderstandingB.To be understood C.Being understoodD.Having understood（2014北京卷）【例北京卷）【例2】The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping without _.A.recognizingB.being recognizedC.having recognized D.having been recognized7斐斐点睛斐斐点睛一、动名词的形式：一、动名词的形式：般式般式&完成式完成式主动主动&被动被动一一般式般式&完成式完成式；主动主动&被动被动二、动词不定式的作用（主宾表定）二、动词不定式的作用（主宾表定）1.做主语（做主语（it做形式主语）做形式主语）2 做表语做表语（前后致前后致）2.做表语做表语（前后前后一一致致）3.做宾语：做宾语：可加动名词做宾语 可加动名词做宾语 既可接不定式，又可接动名词，但含义不同 既可接不定式，又可接动名词，但含义不同 见见to不一不一定是定是不不定式定式，也也可能是介可能是介词词定是定式定是定式，可能是介可能是介4.作定语作定语三、动名词的复合结构三、动名词的复合结构People talk of killing time,while time quietly kills them.人们在谈论如何消磨时间的同时，时间也不声不响地消蚀着人们的生命。人们在谈论如何消磨时间的同时，时间也不声不响地消蚀着人们的生命。8