答疑0628英语考研资料免费分享.pdf

答疑 0628答疑检索：Q：2008 text4 39 题 第四小题D 选项：slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.奴隶制被认为是一种特殊制度原文：The southern states would not have signed the Constitution withoutprotections for the“peculiar institution,”including a clausethat counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes ofcongressional representation.老师讲的是因为主语不同，我想虽然原文主语是南部各州，但选项是被动，是奴隶制被认为是一种特殊机制，所以这个应该不冲突吧。老师还说引号代表反讽，作者是不支持奴隶制的，但我觉得这个与 D选项也不冲突啊，虽然加了引号，但他表达出来的还是奴隶制就是那个特殊机制啊【句子分析】1.主句:The southern states would not have signed the Constitution2.定语从句：that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes ofcongressional representation3.介词结构：including a clause（对 peculiar institution 解释说明）4.介词短语 without protections for the peculiar institution”表达了隐含的条件，=if they had not had protections for the peculiar institution。【翻译】如果不保护他们的“特殊制度”，南方各州是不会签署联邦宪法的。“特殊制度”中有一条规定：在选举国会代表时，一个奴隶可算作五分之三个公民。【难点】1.本句中用到了虚拟语气，would not have signed 表达的是与过去亊实相反的假设；介词短语 without protections for the peculiar institution”相当于 if they had not had protections for the peculiar institution。2.原文主语是：The southern states；选项主语是：slavery；原文中提到奴隶，知识“特殊制度”当中的一条规定，这不足以证明奴隶制就等于“peculiar institution”。Q：还有“The South could not afford to part with its slaves.”这句话，在 2008text4 中的第 4 段第一句我理解的是 afford 是可以承担的起，买得起的意思，就是南方人买不起奴隶了，但我查的翻译好像不是这样，我也没读懂，麻烦姐姐再帮我看看【句子分析】1.主语：The South2.谓语：could not afford3.定语：to part with its slaves【翻译】南方地区无法舍弃（离不开）他们的奴隶【难点】could not afford to do sth.表示 缺乏做某事的能力/“没有能力做某事”，part with 表示 割舍，合起来是，“缺乏割舍的能力”，变通一下就是“无力割舍”或“无法舍弃”。