Unit5 Newspapers and Magazines（上）+语法精讲.pdf

Unit5 Newspapers and Magazines（上）（上）+语法精讲语法精讲载人飞船载人飞船manned spaceship/spacecraft 载人航天计划载人航天计划 manned space program 航航天飞机天飞机space shuttle 航航p无人飞船无人飞船unmanned spaceship/spacecraft近地轨道近地轨道lEhbi近地轨道近地轨道low Earth orbit 同步轨道卫星同步轨道卫星 geosynchronous satellite 外太空外太空outer space;deep space 银河系银河系Milky Way银河系银河系Milky Way月球车月球车lunar rover 太空升降舱太空升降舱space elevator 哈勃太空望远镜哈勃太空望远镜H bbl ST l哈勃太空望远镜哈勃太空望远镜Hubble Space Telescope 阿波罗号宇宙飞船阿波罗号宇宙飞船Apollo 美国航空航天管理局美国航空航天管理局 NASA轨道舱轨道舱bit ld l轨道舱轨道舱orbital module气象卫星气象卫星weather satellite;meteorological satellite Words and PhrasesThe Beijing Space Control Centre said the flight was a“complete s ccess”1.success”北京航天指挥控制中心说这次飞行是一个“彻底的成功”。北京航天指挥控制中心说这次飞行是一个“彻底的成功”。(1)success n.成功；成就；成功者成功；成就；成功者make a success of sth.某事取得成功某事取得成功make a success of sth.某事取得成功某事取得成功(2)succeed v.成功；做成成功；做成If at first you dont succeed,try again.(4)successful adj.获得成功的；取得成效的获得成功的；取得成效的(5)successfully adv.获得成功的获得成功的拓展拓展be successful in 在在方面是成功的方面是成功的成某事成某事succeed in doing sth.成成功地做功地做某事某事with success 成功地成功地achieve success 取得成功取得成功12.When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday,China became the third nation to send a man into space.p昨天上午九点，杨利伟在位于中国西北部的酒泉升空，中国成为世昨天上午九点，杨利伟在位于中国西北部的酒泉升空，中国成为世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家界上第三个把人送入太空的国家界上第三个把人送入太空的国家界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。take off：(飞机飞机)起飞起飞；脱下脱下(衣服衣服)，摘掉摘掉(帽子帽子、眼镜等眼镜等)；取消取消，中中take off：(飞机飞机)起飞起飞；脱下脱下(衣服衣服)，摘掉摘掉(帽子帽子、眼镜等眼镜等)；取消取消，中中止；休息；匆忙离开止；休息；匆忙离开take on 呈现；承担；take on 呈现；承担；take up 占据(时间、空间等)，从事take up 占据(时间、空间等)，从事taketake downdown 拿下拿下记下记下拆除拆除taketake downdown 拿下拿下，记下记下，拆除拆除take back 收回，带回take back 收回，带回take.for.把误当作take.for.把误当作taketake overover接管接管，接任接任taketake overover 接管接管，接任接任take in 吸收，欺骗，收留take in 吸收，欺骗，收留喜欢喜欢养成养成take to take to 喜欢喜欢，养成养成习惯习惯（2006浙江）【例浙江）【例1】Were trying to ring you back,Bryan,but we think we _ your number incorrectly.number incorrectly.A.looked upB.took downC.worked outD.brought about3.Yang is the 431st person to travel in space,including astronauts from 32 countries32 countries.在来自在来自32个国家的宇航员中，杨是第个国家的宇航员中，杨是第431个在太空旅行的人。个在太空旅行的人。包含包含 covert i contain embrace involve consist of consist of be composed of2clud/clos/clus 关闭关闭closet 壁橱壁橱disclose 揭发揭发泄露泄露disclose 揭发揭发，泄露泄露enclose 包围，围绕包围，围绕conclude 结论（结论（con-加强）加强）exclude 排除排除exclusive 排他的，专有的排他的，专有的inclusive 包含在内的包含在内的inclusive 包含在内的包含在内的练习练习including/includedWe all went thereTomWe all went there,_ Tom.We all went there,Tom _.4.In total,these astronauts have spent more than 26,000 days in space.pyp这些宇航员总共在太空待的时间超过了这些宇航员总共在太空待的时间超过了26,000天。天。total n总数，总量，总额总数，总量，总额Eg:what does the total come to?adj 完全的完全的彻底的彻底的全部的全部的adj.完全的完全的，彻底的彻底的，全部的全部的Eg:total silence 寂静无声寂静无声v总数为，共计总数为，共计Eg:The takings havent been totaled yet.totally adv.总计地；全部地总计地；全部地Eg:Im afraid I totally forgot about it.Eg:I m afraid I totally forgot about it.a total of.总数为总数为in all 总计总计total up to 合计，总数达到合计，总数达到total.up 把把加起来加起来total.up 把把加起来加起来a total of 总数为总数为3（2011辽宁沈阳模拟）【例辽宁沈阳模拟）【例2】How many people learn English as a second language?there are more than 375 million _,there are more than 375 million.A.Whats more B.At allC.First of all D.In total5.While he was travelling in space,Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station.当杨利伟在太空中飞行时当杨利伟在太空中飞行时他与两位登上国际空间站的宇航员讲他与两位登上国际空间站的宇航员讲当杨利伟在太空中飞行时当杨利伟在太空中飞行时，他与两位登上国际空间站的宇航员讲他与两位登上国际空间站的宇航员讲话话aboard adv.&prep.在船、飞机、车上在船、飞机、车上go aboard the plane/the train/the boat 上飞机上飞机/车车/船船go aboard the plane/the train/the boat 上飞机上飞机/车车/船船on board 在飞机在飞机/车车/船上船上辨析：辨析：aboard/abroad/board/broad单词含义单词含义aboard adv.&prep.在船、飞机、车上在船、飞机、车上abroad adv.在国外在国外，到国外到国外ab oad在国外在国外，到国外到国外boardn.木板；委员会；理事会木板；委员会；理事会v.寄宿寄宿；上船上船/飞机飞机v.寄宿寄宿；上船上船/飞机飞机broadadj.宽阔的；清楚的；明显的宽阔的；清楚的；明显的6.Many countries around the world sent messages of congratulations.世界上很多国家发来了贺信。世界上很多国家发来了贺信。congratulate vt.祝贺祝贺g祝贺祝贺congratulation n.祝贺，贺词祝贺，贺词congratulatory adj.祝贺的祝贺的congratulatory words/letters/telegrams 贺词贺词/贺信贺信/贺电贺电congratulatory words/letters/telegrams 贺词贺词/贺信贺信/贺电贺电4make congratulations to sb.on sth.g为某事向某人表示祝贺为某事向某人表示祝贺send/offer ones congratulations to sbsend/offer one s congratulations to sb.向某人表示祝贺向某人表示祝贺congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth.为某事向某人表示祝贺为某事向某人表示祝贺congratulate sb.on sth.祝贺某人某事祝贺某人某事辨析：辨析：congratulate/celebrate单词区别单词区别祝贺祝贺指对某人取得的成就或喜庆指对某人取得的成就或喜庆congratulate祝贺祝贺，指对某人取得的成就或喜庆指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“庆贺”。常用结构：之事表示“庆贺”。常用结构：congratulate sb on sthcongratulate sb.on sth.celebrate表示庆贺，庆祝，一般用事表示庆贺，庆祝，一般用事(节日、节日、胜利胜利成功等成功等)作宾语作宾语构成构成celebrate胜利胜利、成功等成功等)作宾语作宾语，构成构成celebrate sth.（2005广东）【例广东）【例3】Tom:Mike,our team will play against the Rockets this weekend.Im sure we will win.sure we will win.Mike:_!A.Good luckB.CheersC.Best wishesD.Congratulations7.Yangs space flight was“an important historical achievement”杨利伟的太空飞行是“一个意义重大的历史性的成就。”杨利伟的太空飞行是“一个意义重大的历史性的成就。”achieve vt 取得取得获得获得；实现实现；成功成功vt.取得取得，获得获得；实现实现；成功成功vi.达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果，如愿以偿达到预期的目的，实现预期的结果，如愿以偿achievement 完成完成达到达到 成就成就成绩成绩n.完成完成，达到达到;成就成就，成绩成绩5achieve success/victory 取得成功取得成功/胜利胜利yachieve ones aim/goal 实现某人的目标实现某人的目标hibiti实现某人的抱负实现某人的抱负achieve ones ambition 实现某人的抱负实现某人的抱负achieve ones purpose 达到某人的目的达到某人的目的斐斐小测斐斐小测succeed in doing sth.take offtake offin totalgo aboardcongratulate sb.on sth.congratulate sb.on sth.achieve ones goal辨析：辨析：contain/include辨析辨析：aboard/abroad/board/broad辨析辨析：aboard/abroad/board/broad辨析：辨析：congratulate/celebrate语法精讲语法精讲状语从句状语从句状语从句状语从句When the film ended,the people went back.状语从句状语从句(1),ppI was absent from the meeting because I was ill.In case there is a fire,what will we do first?()(2)(3)In case there is a fire,what will we do first?Even if I were busy,I would go.As long as you dont lose heart you will succeed(3)(4)(5)As long as you don t lose heart,you will succeed.(5)状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词ttilth时间时间when/while/as,once,till,since,not.until,as soon as,the minute/moment,the second,every time no soonerthan地点地点until,before,afterevery time,no sooner than,hardly when,whereanywhere,everywhere,wherever地点地点条件条件whereanywhere,everywhere,whereverif,as long as,unless,if only,providing/supposing that,条件条件原因原因unless,if only,in case on condition that because,since,as,seeing that,considering that,原因原因,now thatg,g,given that6状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词状语从句常用引导词特殊引导词目的目的so that,in case,in order thatlest,for fear that,in the hope that,for the purpose that结果结果so that,so.that/such.that to the degree/extent that方式方式让步让步as,as if/though,how the waythough/although,no matter+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词让步让步比较比较gg,even if,while,since特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问词-everthan,as.as,the morethe more 比较比较not as/so.asnomore than时间状语从句时间状语从句易错点易错点1.when,which,aswhen 从句的谓语动词通常是短暂的从句的谓语动词通常是短暂的when 从句的谓语动词通常是短暂的从句的谓语动词通常是短暂的while 从句的谓语动词一定是延续的从句的谓语动词一定是延续的连接两个短暂的动作连接两个短暂的动作as 连接两个短暂的动作连接两个短暂的动作例例:_ I was a little boy,I liked football.I was doing my homework _ mom was cooking.易错点易错点2.till,until,notuntil肯定句：延续性动词肯定句：延续性动词否定句否定句：非延续性动词非延续性动词否定句否定句非延续性动词非延续性动词例例:I will stay here until/till the rain stops.I wont leave until/till the rain stopsI won t leave until/till the rain stops.让步状语从句让步状语从句易错点易错点1.though/although可与可与ttillth l同时出现同时出现但不能与但不能与b t同时出现同时出现可与可与yet,still,nevertheless同时出现同时出现，但不能与但不能与but同时出现同时出现。though可置于句末，表示“不过，但是”可置于句末，表示“不过，但是”例例:He said he would help me;he didnt,though.易错点易错点2 even though/even if 尽管尽管即使即使易错点易错点2.even though/even if 尽管尽管，即使即使例例:Well go there even if the weather is bad.(不虚拟不虚拟)Even if I were in your place I wouldnt take the job(虚拟虚拟)Even if I were in your place,I wouldnt take the job.(虚拟虚拟)7易错点易错点3.while/whereas 虽然，鉴于虽然，鉴于引导让步状语从句，强调主句与从句内容的对比。引导让步状语从句，强调主句与从句内容的对比。例例:While I like him,I still see his shortcomings.例例,gHe thought I was lying,whereas I was telling the truth.易错点易错点4.no matter+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词：只能引导让步状语从句只能引导让步状语从句no matter+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词：只能引导让步状语从句只能引导让步状语从句特殊疑问词特殊疑问词-ever：可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。：可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。条件状语从句条件状语从句if 如果如果unless 除非除非unless 除非除非if only/only if 要是要是in case 万万一一in case 万万as long as只要只要providing/supposing/assuming that假如假如providing/supposing/assuming that假如假如on condition that 要是要是，在，在条件下条件下ih假设假设given that 假设假设原因状语从句原因状语从句because、since、as语气依次递减语气依次递减in case 以以防防目的状语从句目的状语从句防防for fear(that)以免，生怕以免，生怕结果状语从句结果状语从句so,such置于句首置于句首，主句要用倒装主句要用倒装,置于句首置于句首，主句要用倒装主句要用倒装【例【例1】（】（2014安徽卷，安徽卷，25）The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times _ it finally came to include the sense“pleasant”.came to include the sense pleasant.A.before B.after C.since D.while【例【例2】（】（2014北京卷，北京卷，29）_ the forest park is far away,a lot of tourists visit it every year.A.As B.When C.Even though D.In case8【例【例3】（】（2014湖南卷，湖南卷，26）You will never gain success _ you are fully devoted to your work.A.when B.because C.after D.unless【例【例4】（】（2014江苏卷，江苏卷，21）Lessons can be learned to face the future,history cannot be,_ychanged.A.though B.as C.since D.unlessLive beautifully,dream passionately,love completely.y,py,py活要活得美好，梦要梦得热烈，爱要爱得完整。活要活得美好，梦要梦得热烈，爱要爱得完整。9