2009年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

1009年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English智力的代价原文朗读词汇讲解第一段1Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.【词汇注释】intelligenceInteld3ansn.智力：智慧smartsma:ta.聪明的；机敏的wonderwAnda(r).想知道：想弄明白【结构切分】主句：Research on animal intelligencealwaysmakeswonderwonder just how smart humansare.主语状语谓语宾语宾语us的补足语宾语从句状语引导词主语系动词【全句译文】对动物智力的研究总是让我们想知道人类到底有多聪明。2Consider the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times.【词汇注释】considerkansd(r).仔细考虑；细想experimentIksperimantn.实验fruit-fyfru:t flarn.果蝇describedrskraib.描述【结构切分】祈使句：Considerthe fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer l in the Science Times谓语宾语the fruit-fly experiments的后置定语【全句译文】细想一下卡尔齐默在科学时报上所描述的果蝇实验。3Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly tended to live shorter lives.【词汇注释】teachiv.训练tend to do sth倾向于做某事：往往会做某事averageevarid3a.普通的：平常的【结构切分】Fruit flies的定语从句主句：Fruit flies tendedto live shorter liveswhowere taughtto be smarterthan the average fruit fly主语谓语宾语引导词被动态谓语主语who的补足语比较状语【全句译文】那些训练得比普通果蝇更聪明的果蝇，其寿命却往往更短。4This suggests that dimmer bulbs burn longer,that there is an advantage in not being too bright.【词汇注释】suggestsad3estv.表明burmb3nv.发光；发亮dimdma.暗淡的；愚笨的advantagedva:ntId3n.优势；有利条件bubbAlbn.电灯泡brightbrata.明亮的：聪明的【结构切分】that dimmer bulbs burn longer,主语谓语状语This suggests引导词主句：suggests的主语谓语宾语从句thatthere isan advantage in not being too bright.引导词there be句型主语状语【全句译文】这表明暗淡的灯泡（笨脑瓜）更耐用，也表明不那么明亮（不那么聪明）是一种优势。第二段DIntelligence,it turns out,is a high-priced option.【词汇注释】turn out最后是；结果是optionppjnn.选择high-pricedharpraista.高价的：代价高昂的【结构切分】Intelligence,it turns out,isa high-priced option.主语插入语系动词表语【全句译文】原来，智力是一种代价高昂的选择。2It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow off the starting line because it depends onlearning-a gradual process-instead of instinct.【词汇注释】taketekv.需要depend on依赖；取决于upkeeppkip】n.抚养（费）；喂养（成本）gradualgred3uala.循序渐进的burnb3nv.消耗(instead of代替：而不是fuelfju:aln.(为身体提供能量的)食物，养料instinctInstigktn.天分the starting line起跑线【结构切分】主句：It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel andis slowoff the starting line主语谓语1宾语1谓语2宾语2连词谓语3（系表）谓语3的状语谓语3的原因状语从句1because it depends on learning-a gradual process-instead of instinct引导词主语谓语宾语learning的同位语状语【全句译文】它需要更多给养，消耗更多能量，而且由于它依靠的是学习个循序渐进的过程而不是天分，所以起步很慢。2【结构切分】Every catll with an owner,for instance,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.主语插入语谓语宾语【全句译文】比如说，每只有主人的猫都在进行着小规模的操作条件反射研究。3We believe that if animals ran the labs,they would test us to determine the limits of ourpatience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.【词汇注释】runrAnv.管理；经营patiencepensn.耐心；忍耐力lablxbn.实验室faithfulnessfer0lnasn.忠诚determinedrt3mny.测定memorymemorin.记忆力limitlmtn.极限：上限locationlaukejnn.地点：位置【结构切分】主句：We believebelieve的that they would test us主语谓语宾语从句引导词主语谓语宾语条件状语从句目的状语if animals ranthe labs,to determine the limitsll of our patience,引导词主语谓语宾语our faithfulness,our memory for locations【全句译文】我们认为假如动物掌管实验室的话，他们会对我们进行实验以测定我们的忍耐力、忠诚度以及方位记忆力的极限。4They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really for,not merely how much of itthere is.【词汇注释】decidedrsardv.判定：判断not merely不仅仅【结构切分】whatintelligence in humans isreally for,主句：decidel的引导词主语系动词表语Theywould tryto decide主语谓语宾语宾语从句not merelyhow much of itthere is.状语引导词there be句型【全句译文】它们会试图判定人类智力的真正用途，而不仅仅是人类的智力有多高。5Above all,they would hope to study a fundamental question:Are humans actually aware of theworld they live in?信公众品【热T老杯】调【词汇注释】above all最重要的是be aware of sth意识到某事；了解某事fundamentalfand3mentla.基本的；根本的5【结构切分】主句：Above all,.theywould hope to study a fundamental question插入语主语谓语宾语a fundamental question的同位语Are humans actually aware of the worldthe world they live in?系动词主语状语表语定语从句主语谓语状语【全句译文】最重要的是，他们希望研究一个根本的问题：人类是否真正了解他们自己所生存的世界6So far the results are inconclusive.【词汇注释】so far到目前为止；迄今为止inconclusive,nknku:sIva.无定论的【结构切分】So farthe resultsareinconclusive时间状语主语系动词表语【全句译文】对此，目前仍无定论。SectionReading ComprehensionPart AText 1你能成为一个拥有新习惯的人吗？第一段原文朗读词汇讲解1Habits are a funny thing.【词汇注释】habithebtn.习惯funnyfhni】a.奇特的【结构切分】Habits area funny thing.主语系动词表语【全句译文】习惯是个奇特的东西。2We reach for them mindlessly,setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconsciouscomfort of familiar routine.【词汇注释】reach for伸手去够：努力争取；追求unconsciousAnkDnasa.无意的：无意识的mindlesslymaIndlasliad.不动脑筋地：机械地comfortkAmfatn.舒服；舒适set慰set设置；调整familiarfamrlia(r)a.熟悉的auto-pilotb:tau pailatn.自动驾驶模式routineru:ti:nn.惯例；常规relaxrtlaeksv.放松6