2022考研英语一基础阶段测评卷[途鸟吧论坛 www.tnbzs.com].pdf

2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼12022 考研英语考研英语（一）（一）基础基础阶段阶段测评卷测评卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmarkA,B,C or D.The homeless make up a growing percentage of Americas population.1,homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments cant possibly 2.To help homeless people 3 independence,the federal government must support jobtraining programs,4 the minimum wage,and fund more low-cost housing._5_everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless.Estimates 6 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.7 the figure may vary,analysts doagree on another matter:that the number of the homeless is 8.One of the federalgovernments studies 9 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 millionby the end of this decade.Finding ways to 10 this growing homeless population has become increasinglydifficult.11 when homeless individuals manage to find a 12 that will give themthree meals a day and a place to sleep at night,a good number still spend the bulk ofeach day 13 the street.Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addictedto alcohol or drugs.And a significant number of the homeless have serious mentaldisorders.Many others,14 not addicted or mentally ill,simply lack the everyday 15skills needed to turn their lives 16.Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that thesituation will improve only when there are 17 programs that address the many needsof the homeless.18 Edward Zlotkowski,director of community service at BentleyCollege in Massachusetts,19 it,“There has to be 20 of programs.Whats needed is2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼2a package deal.”1.A IndeedB LikewiseC ThereforeD Furthermore2.A standB copeC approveD retain3.A inB forC withD toward4.A raiseB addC takeD keep5.A GenerallyB AlmostC HardlyD Not6.A coverB changeC rangeD differ7.A Now thatB AlthoughC ProvidedD Except that8.A inflatingB expandingC increasingD extending9.A predictsB displaysC provesD discovers10.A assistB trackC sustainD dismiss11.A HenceB ButC EvenD Only12.A lodgingB shelterC dwellingD house13.A searchingB strollingC crowdingD wandering14.A whenB onceC whileD whereas15.A lifeB existenceC survivalD maintenance16.A aroundB overC onD up17.A complexB comprehensive Ccomplementary D compensating18.A SoB SinceC AsD Thus19.A putsB interpretsC assumesD makes20.A supervisionB manipulation C regulationD coordinationSection II Reading ComprehensionPartADirectionsRead the following two texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼3Text 1In spite of“endless talk of difference,”American society is an amazing machinefor homogenizing people.There is“the democratizing uniformity of dress anddiscourse,and the casualness and absence of deference”characteristic of popularculture.People are absorbed into“a culture of consumption”launched by the19th-century department stores that offered“vast arrays of goods in an elegantatmosphere.Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite”these werestores“anyone could enter,regardless of class or background.This turned shoppinginto a public and democratic act.”The mass media,advertising and sports are otherforces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture,which may not bealtogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.Writing for the National ImmigrationForum,GregoryRodriguezreportsthattodaysimmigrationisneitheratunprecedented levels nor resistant to assimilation.In 1998 immigrants were 9.8percent of the population;in 1900,13.6 percent.In the 10 years prior to 1990,3.1immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents;in the 10 years prior to 1890,9.2 forevery 1,000.Now,consider three indices of assimilationlanguage,home ownershipand intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that“a majority of immigrants from each of thefifteen most common countries of origin spoke English well or very well after tenyears of residence.”The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient inEnglish.“By the third generation,the original language is lost in the majority ofimmigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a“graveyard”for languages.By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrived before 1970 had a home ownershiprate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics“have higher rates of intermarriage than doU.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation,one third of Hispanic women2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼4are married to non-Hispanics,and 41 percent of Asian-American women are marriedto non-Asians.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans ofsuperstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet“some Americans fearthat immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to thenations assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?Indeed.It isbig enough to have a bit of everything.But particularly when viewed againstAmericas turbulent past,todays social indices hardly suggest a darkanddeteriorating social environment.21.The word“homogenizing”(Line 2,Paragraph 1)most probably means_.A identifyingB associatingC assimilatingD monopolizing22.According to the author,the department stores of the 19th century_.A played a role in the spread of popular cultureB became intimate shops for common consumersC satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable eliteD owed its emergence to the culture of consumption23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S._.A are resistant to homogenizationB exert a great influence onAmerican cultureC are hardly a threat to the common cultureD constitute the majority of the population24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned inParagraph 5?A To prove their popularity around the world.2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼5B To reveal the publics fear of immigrants.C To give examples of successful immigrants.D To show the powerful influence ofAmerican culture.25.In the authors opinion,the absorption of immigrants into Americansociety is _.A rewardingB successfulC fruitlessD harmfulText2The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its nextmusic director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the suddenannouncement of his appointment in 2009.For the most part,the response has beenfavorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!”wrote Anthony Tommasini,asober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,isthat Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocatedGilberts appointment in the Times,calls him“an unpretentious musician with no airof the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director ofan orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and PierreBoulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a goodone.To be sure,he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but itis not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hearinteresting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up mycomputer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for liveperformance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of theart-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with the recorded2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼6performances of the great classical musicians of the 20thcentury.These recordings arecheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality thantodays live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed”at a time and place ofthe listeners choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thusbrought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive newmusic that is not yet available on record.Gilberts own interest in new music has beenwidely noted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who iscapable of turning the Philharmonic into“a markedly different,more vibrantorganization.”But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding theorchestras repertoire will not be enough.If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are tosucceed,they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestraand the new audience it hopes to attract.26.We learn from Paragraph 1 that Gilberts appointment has _.A incurred criticismB raised suspicionC received acclaimD aroused curiosity27.Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is _.A influential.B modest.C respectable.D talented.28.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers_.A ignore the expenses of live performances.B reject most kinds of recorded performances.C exaggerate the variety of live performances.D overestimate the value of live performances.29.According to the text,which of the following is true of recordings?A They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.B They are easily accessible to the general public.2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼7C They help improve the quality of music.D They have only covered masterpieces.30.Regarding Gilberts role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,the authorfeels_.A doubtfulB enthusiasticC confidentD puzzledPart BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed todo to guide their children into adulthood.Choose a heading from the list A-G that bestfits the meaning of each numbered part of the text(31-35).The first and lastparagraphs of the text are not numbered.There are two extra headings that you do notneed to use.Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)A Set a Good Example for Your KidsB Build Your KidsWork SkillsC Place Time Limits on LeisureActivitiesD Talk about the Future on a Regular BasisE Help Kids Develop Coping StrategiesF Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They AreG Build Your KidsSense of ResponsibilityHow Can a Parent Help?Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood fortheir kids.Even if a jobs starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adultsneed for rapid content,the transition from school to work can be less of a setback ifthe start-up adult is ready for the move.Here are a few measures,drawn from mybook Ready or Not,Here Life Comes,that parents can take to prevent what I call“work-life unreadiness”:31._You can start this process when they are 11 or 12.Periodically review their2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼8emergingstrengthsandweaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronanyshortcomings,like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating.Also,identifythe kinds of interests they keep coming back to,as these offer clues to the careers thatwill fit them best.32._Kids need a range of authentic role modelsas opposed to members of theirclique,pop stars and vaunted athletes.Have regular dinner-table discussions aboutpeople the family knows and how they got where they are.Discuss the joys anddownsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about theirown future.When asked what they want to do,they should be discouraged fromsaying“I have no idea.”They can change their minds 200 times,but having only afoggy view of the future is of little good.33._Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn;parents should beresponsible for teaching them how to work.Assign responsibilities around the houseand make sure homework deadlines are met.Encourage teenagers to take a part-timejob.Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effectiveorganizational skills,such as managing time and setting priorities.34._Playing video games encourages immediate content.And hours of watching TVshows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way.At the same time,listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for longstretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing otherendeavors.All these activities can prevent the growth of important communicationand thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustainedconcentration they will need for most jobs.35._They should know how to deal with setbacks,stresses and feelings of inadequacy.2022 考研英语（一）基础阶段测评卷_官 网：电 话：400-011-8090地 址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街 17 号院韦伯时代中心 C 座北配楼9They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts,ways tobrainstorm and think critically.Discussions at home can help kids practice doing thesethings and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be struggling andwandering aimlessly through early adulthood?Parents still have a major role to play,but now it is more delicate.They have to be careful not to come across asdisappointed in their child.They should exhibit strong interest and respect forwhatever currently interests their fledging adult(as naive or ill conceived as it mayseem)while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future.Most of all,thesenew adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family thatappreciates them.