2008年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

2008年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English高智商与遗传疾病原文朗读词汇讲解第一段1The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of thosehypotheses that dare not speak its name.【词汇注释】intelligentInteld33nta.有智慧的hypotheseshypothesisharpDe0asIsn.假说；假设（复数daredea(r).敢于【结构切分】主句：The ideais one of those hypotheseshypotheses的thatdare not speak its name.主语系动词表语定语从句引导词谓语宾语The ideaf的同位语从句that some groups of people may bemore intelligent than others引导词主语系动词表语比较状语【全句译文】人类某些族群的智商可能高于其他族群，这一观点是无人敢明说的假说之一。2But Gregory Cochran is prepared to say it anyway.【词汇注释】preparedprrpeada.准备好的：愿意的anywayeniwerad.尽管；即使这样【结构切分】But Gregory Cochranisprepared to say it anyway.连词主语系动词表语状语【全句译文】但是尽管如此，格雷戈里科克伦还是准备说出这一观点。3He is that rare bird,a scientist who works independently of any institution.【词汇注释】rare bird不同寻常的人（或物）：罕见的人（或物）institutionnstrtju:jnn.机构independently of独立于.之外【结构切分】主句：Heis that rare bird,rare birda scientista scientist的who worksindependently of any institution主语系动词表语的同位语定语从句引导词谓语状语【全句译文】他就是那种特立独行的人，一位独立于任何机构之外工作的科学家。eliteerhi:tn.精英affirmaf3mv.证实renownedrInaunda.著名的【结构切分】generally dowell in IQ tests.伴随状语scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100主句：This group谓语状语主语and have contributed disproportionately tothe intellectual and cultural life of the West.连词谓语部分宾语个非限制性定语从句as the careers of their elitesaffirmincluding several world-renowned scientists,引导词主语谓语elites的同位语【全句译文】这一族群在智商测试中普遍表现良好，得分比平均值100高出12至15分，而且他们对西方的精神文化生活做出了与其人口数量不成比例的巨大贡献，正如他们中的精英人物（包括几位世界知名的科学家)的成就所证实的那样。2They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases,such asbreast cancer.【词汇注释】suffer from患病；受病痛折磨genetic disease遗传病nastyna:stia.危险的；严重的breast cancer乳腺癌【结构切分】主千：Theyalso suffer froma number of nasty genetic diseasesnasty genetic diseasessuch as breast cancer主语状语+谓语宾语的同位语比较状语more often than most people【全句译文】他们也比大多数人更容易患多种严重的遗传疾病，比如乳腺癌。3These facts,however,have previously been thought unrelated.【词汇注释】factfektn.事实unrelatedanrrletda.无关联的【结构切分】These facts,however,have previously been thoughtunrelated.主语插入语状语+被动态谓语主语补足语【全句译文】然而，人们以前认为这些事实之间并无联系。4The former has been put down to social effects,such as a strong tradition of valuing education.【词汇注释】the former前者traditiontrodjnn.传统put down to sth归因于valuevalju:.重视effectifektn.作用：影响4SectionReading ComprehensionPart A之Text1女性更易受到压力带来的负面影响P第一段原文朗读词汇讲解1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life,women appear to be way ahead inat least one undesirable category.【词汇注释】spheresfia(r)n.范围：领域Swaywead很远；大量modernmDdna.现代的；当代的undesirablewndizaiarabla.不想要的；不利appear3pIa(r)看来；似乎categorykatagorin.种类：类别【结构切分】主句：womenappearto be way aheadin at least one undesirable category主语系动词表语状语，表范围让步状语从句While(they/womenare)still catching up tomenin some spheres of modern life引导词主语谓语+状语1宾语状语2，表范围【全句译文】尽管女性在现代生活中的好些领域仍在努力追赶男性，但至少在一个不利的方面她门似乎遥遥领先。2Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in responseto stress compared to men,according to Dr.Yehuda,chief psychiatrist at New YorksVeterans Administration Hospital.【词汇注释】susceptibles3septabla.易受影响（或伤害等）stressstresn.精神压力；心理负担developdrvelp.患（病）；出现（问题）comparekampe3(r).比较；对比depressiondiprefnn.抑郁症；精神忧郁chiefti:fa.为首的；首席的anxietye町zarstin.焦虑psychiatristsarkaratristn.精t神科医生disorderdso:da(r)n.疾病veteranvetarann,退伍军人anxiety disorder焦虑症；焦虑性障碍administrationadiminIstreifnn.管理【结构切分】主千：Womenareparticularlysusceptibleto developing depression and anxiety disorders主语系动词状语表语状语原因状语1比较状语状语，表来源in response to stresscompared to men,”according to Dr.Yehuda,Dr.Yehuda的同位语chief psychiatrist at New Yorks Veterans Administration Hospital.【全句译文】据纽约退伍军人管理医院精神科主任医生耶胡达博士称，“相比于男性，女性尤其更易在应对压力时患抑郁症和焦虑症”。