37―39讲义.pdf

?E37?behalf?below?450.behalf bih:f n.?be=by?+half?1?On behalf of the entire company,I would like to thank you for all your work.?2?Dont worry on my behalf.?2218.half h:f,hf n.?adj.?adv.?cut?4369.shelf elf n.?half?The book I wanted was on the top shelf.?4370.shell el n.?4371.shelter elt n.?v.?shelt+-er?1?They opened a shelter to provide temporary housing for the citys homeless.?2?We were caught in a thunderstorm,without anywhere to shelter.?4373.shield i:ld n.?vt.?1?The police held up their riot shields against the flying rocks and bricks.?2?She held her hand above her eyes to shield them from the sun.?4394.shoulder uld n.?v.?shoulder-blade?Teachers cannot be expected to shoulder all the blame for poor exam results.?4248.scale skeil n.?“?”?1?the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale?/?2?How would you rate his work on a scale of 1 to 5?1?5?3?He was making a scale model of the Empire State Building.?4?We dont know the scale of the problem yet.?5?the scale of G major?G?4461.skull skl n.?4453.skiski n.?v.?1?a pair of skis?2?He skied down the hill.?4449.skate skeit v.?n.?shake?4454.skill skil n.?“?”?4455.skilled skild adj.?in?Nursing is a highly skilled job.?4456.skillful skilful adj.?skilful?in?at?1?a skillful player/performer?/?2?Thanks to her skillful handling of the affair,the problem was averted.?453.behind bihaind prep.?be=by?+hind?2318.hinder hnd(r)vt.?from?hind?+?-er?1?An injury hindered him from playing his best.?460.beloved bilvid,-lvd adj.&n.?2874.love lv n.?vt.?2875.lovely lvli adj.?208?2876.lover lv n.?pl.?456.believe bili:v vt.?vi.?be?+lieve=love?1?I believe(in)you.?2?Do you believe in life after death?have faith in sth.?455.belief bili:f n.?His belief in God gave him hope during difficult times.?2769.leave li:v v.?n.?Shes(gone)on leave(=holiday).?1548.eclipse iklips n.?ec-=ex-?+lipse=leave?a solar/lunar eclipse?/?459.belong bil v.?to?go along with?1?Who does this watch belong to?2?This table belongs in the sitting room.?3?These papers belong with the others.?4?After three years in Cambridge,I finally feel as if I belong here.?3?161.along l adv.?prep.?a-=anti-?+long?1?Ill bring some food along and we can have a picnic.?2?a romantic walk along the beach/river?/?162.alongside lsaid adv.?prep.?2858.long l,l:adj.?adv.?2859.longitude lnditju:d,-tu:d n.?2738.latitude ltitju:d n.?pl.?3801.prolong prl,l:vt.?pro-?We were having such a good time that we decided to prolong our stay for another week.?2820.linger li vi.?ling=long?+-er?1?After the play had finished,we lingered for a while in the bar hoping to catch sight of the actors.?2?Dont linger away your holidays.Try to find something useful to do.?3?He lingered on for several months after the heart attack.?2873.lounge laund n.?long?2852.lodge ld v.?n.?leaf?1?She lodged with Mrs Higgins when she first came to Cambridge.?2?Your will should be lodged with your lawyer.?3?All visitors should report to the porters lodge.?2844.lobby lbi n.?v.?1?a hotel lobby?2?Local residents lobbied to have the factory shut down.?461.below bilu prep.?adv.?be=by?+low?2877.low lu adj.?2878.lower l vt.?adj.?209?1?He had to lower his head to get through the door.?2?Her lower lip trembled as if she were about to cry.?5162.under nd prep.?adv.?He hid under the bed.?5171.underneath,ndni:prep.?adv.?They found a bomb underneath the car.?465.beneath bini:prep.?We huddled together for warmth beneath the blankets.?5164.undergo,ndu vt.?My mother underwent major surgery last year.?2134.go u v.?n.?5167.underlie,ndlai vt.?,?These ideas underlie much of his work.?5169.underlying,ndlaii adj.?Unemployment may be an underlying cause of the rising crime rate.?2801.lie lai vi.?v.?n.?lay?lie-lay-lain-lying?lie-lied-lied-lying?1?A cat lay in front of the fire.?2?The river lies 30 km to the south.?30?774.cheat ti:t v.?n.?Anyone caught cheating will be immediately disqualified from the exam.?2748.lay lei v.?lay-laid-laid-laying?1?She laid the baby on the bed.?2?The foundations of the house are being laid today?3?The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds nests.?2749.layer lei n.?There was a thin layer of oil on the surface of the water.?2750.layman leimn n.?lay=learned?to explain sth.in laymans terms(=in simple language)?2751.layoff leif n.?The recent economic crisis has led to massive layoffs.?2752.layout leat n.?I like the layout of the house.?4026.relay rilei;ri:lei vt.?n.?re-?+lay?1?I was told the news first and then I relayed it to the others.?2?Relays of workers kept the machines going through the night.?1276.delay dilei v.&n.?de-?My plane was delayed by an hour.?1?2745.law l:n.?lay?2747.lawyer l:j n.?210?450.behalf bih:f n.?be=by?+half?2218.half h:f,hf n.?adj.?adv.?cut?4369.shelf elf n.?half?4370.shell el n.?4371.shelter elt n.?v.?4373.shield i:ld n.?vt.?4394.shoulder uld n.?v.?shoulder-blade?4248.scale skeil n.?“?”?4461.skull skl n.?4453.skiski n.?v.?4449.skate skeit v.?n.?shake?4454.skill skil n.?“?”?4455.skilled skild adj.?in?4456.skillful skilful adj.?skilful?in?at?453.behind bihaind prep.?be=by?+hind?2318.hinder hnd(r)vt.?from?hind?+?-er?460.beloved bilvid,-lvd adj.&n.?2874.love lv n.?vt.?2875.lovely lvli adj.?2876.lover lv n.?pl.?456.believe bili:v vt.?vi.?be?+lieve=love?455.belief bili:f n.?2769.leave li:v v.?n.?1548.eclipse iklips n.?ec-=ex-?+lipse=leave?459.belong bil v.?to?go along with?161.along l adv.?prep.?a-=anti-?+long?162.alongside lsaid adv.?prep.?2858.long l,l:adj.?adv.?2859.longitude lnditju:d,-tu:d n.?2738.latitude ltitju:d n.?pl.?3801.prolong prl,l:vt.?pro-?2820.linger li vi.?ling=long?+-er?2873.lounge laund n.?long?2852.lodge ld v.?n.?leaf?2844.lobby lbi n.?v.?211?461.below bilu prep.?adv.?be=by?+low?2877.low lu adj.?2878.lower l vt.?adj.?5162.under nd prep.?adv.?5171.underneath,ndni:prep.?adv.?465.beneath bini:prep.?5164.undergo,ndu vt.?2134.go u v.?n.?5167.underlie,ndlai vt.?,?5169.underlying,ndlaii adj.?2801.lie lai vi.?v.?n.?lay?lie-lay-lain-lying?lie-lied-lied-lying?774.cheat ti:t v.?n.?2748.lay lei v.?lay-laid-laid-laying?2749.layer lei n.?2750.layman leimn n.?lay=learned?2751.layoff leif n.?2752.layout leat n.?4026.relay rilei;ri:lei vt.?n.?re-?+lay?1276.delay dilei v.&n.?de-?2745.law l:n.?lay?2747.lawyer l:j n.?212?E38?benign?bicycle?468.benign binain adj.?beni-?=-gn-=-gene-?1?a benign tumour?2?a benign old lady?2092.gene di:n n.?The illness is believed to be caused by a defective gene.?2100.genius di:njs n.?2511.ingenious indi:njs adj.?in-?+-geni-?+?-ous?1?an ingenious device?2?He is so ingenious that he can make the most remarkable sculptures from the most ordinary materials.?2099.genetic dinetik adj.?n.-s?genetic and environmental factors?2104.genuine denjuin adj.?-genu-=-gene-?+?-ine?1?genuine leather?2?If it is a genuine Michelangelo drawing,it will sell for millions.?344.authentic:entik adj.?aut-?+-hent-+-ic?1?I dont know if the painting is authentic.?2?authentic Italian food?2095.generate denreit vt.?-gener-=-gene-?+?-ate?1?to generate electricity?;to generate profit?2?The proposal has generated a lot of interest.?2096.generation,denrein n.?generation gap?2097.generator denreit n.?1274.degenerate didenreit v.?adj.?n.?de-=dis-?1?Her health degenerated quickly.?2?a degenerate young man?2093.general denrl adj.?n.?-gener-?+?-al?captain general?1?In general,men are taller than women.?2?My general impression of the place was good.?2094.generalize denrlaiz v.?generalise?1?It would be foolish to generalize from a single example.?2?These conclusions cannot be generalized to the whole country.?2098.generous denrs adj.?“?”?1?It was generous of you to lend me the money.?2?a generous mind?213?2340.homogeneous,hmdi:nis adj.?homo-=same?+-gene-?+?-ous?The population of the village has remained remarkably homogeneous.?2091.gender dend n.?Discrimination on the basis of race,gender,age or disability is not allowed.?2101.gentle dentl adj.?mild?gentle?1?Hes very gentle with his kids.?2?gentle exercise?2103.gently dentli adv.?2102.gentleman dentlmn n.?3722.pregnant prennt adj.?pre-?+-gn-?+?-ant?1?My mother stopped smoking when she became pregnant.?2?Her silence was pregnant with criticism.?2916.malignant mlinnt adj.?mal-=mis-?+-i-+-gn-?+?-ant?1?The process by which malignant cancer cells multiply isnt fully understood.?2?He developed a malignant hatred for the land of his birth.?2108.germ d:m n.?Wash your hands so you dont get germs on the food.?2686.kin kin n.?gene?We have notified the next of kin.?2687.kind kaind adj.?n.?2689.kindness kaindnis n.?2690.king ki n.?2691.kingdom kidm n.?king?+-dom=do?1454.do?du:aux.vt.?vi.?1470.doom du:m n.?v.?1?A sense of doom hung over the entire country.?2?The plan was doomed to failure.?3880.queen kwi:n n.?478.bewilder biwild v.?be-?+wild?+-er?1?The instructions completely bewildered me.?2?She was totally bewildered by his sudden change of mood.?5415.wild waild adj.?1?wild animals/flowers?/?2?a wild,mountainous region?3?He made a wild guess at the answer.?3025.mild maild adj.?gentle?mild?1?She cant accept even mild criticism of her work.?2?a mild woman who never shouted?3?a mild climate?2990.melt melt v.?1?The sun had melted the snow.?2?The tension in the room began to melt.?214?4520.soft sft,s:ft adj.?Microsoft?1?soft ground/pillow?/?2?a soft/gentle voice?3?a soft skin?4?If youre too soft with these kids theyll never respect you.?5?soft drinks?2914.make meik n.?vt.?1828.fake feik n.?adj.?v.?1?Experts revealed that the painting was a fake.?2?He was charged with possessing a fake passport.?3?He faked a heart attack and persuaded prison staff to take him to hospital.?2322.hire hai vt.&n.?1?I was hired by the first company I applied to.?2?How much would it cost to hire a car for the weekend?3?Shes our latest hire.?1914.fire fai n.?vi.?vt.?He fired his gun into the air.?1915.fireman faimn n.?2046.fuel fjul n.?vt.?fire?1?Wood,coal,oil,petrol,and gas are all different kinds of fuel.?2?Reports in todays newspapers have added fuel to the controversy(=made it worse).?3?Our heating is fuelled by gas.?1890.fever fi:v n.?fire?1?Hes got a headache and a slight fever.?2?He waited for her arrival in a fever of impatience.?1930.flare fle v.&n.?1?The match flared and went out.?2?There was a sudden flare when she threw the petrol onto the fire.?2416.ignite inait v.?1?Gas ignites very easily.?2?His words ignited their anger.?483.bicycle baisikl n.?bike?vi.?bi-?+cycle=circle?bine kmbain v.?n.?com-?+bi(ne)?1?As a writer,he combined wit with passion.?2?a Chinese industrial combine?bination,kmbinein n.?1372.dilemma dlem n.?di-=bi-?+lemma?She faces the dilemma of disobeying her father or losing the man she loves.?1206.cycle saikl n.?v.?1?life cycle?2?I usually cycle home through the park.?3982.recycle,ri:saikl v.&n.?1?Denmark recycles nearly 85%of its paper.?85%?2?He recycled all his old jokes.?215?1628.encyclopedia nsaklpidi n.?encyclopaedia?en-=in-?+cyclo=circle?+-ped-=boy?+-ia?1207.cylinder silind n.?1?Deep-sea divers carry cylinders of oxygen on their backs.?2?a six-cylinder engine?811.circle s:kl n.?v.?812.circuit s:kit n.?1?They test the car tyres on a motor racing circuit.?2?A defect was found in the electrical circuit.?813.circular s:kjul adj.?n.?1?a circular building?2?Circulars and other junk mail go straight in the bin.?814.circulate s:kjuleit v.?1?Hot water circulates through the heating system.?2?I tried to circulate at a party and not just stayed with the friends I came with.?815.circumference skmfrns n.?circum=circle?+-fer-?+?-ence?1?the circumference of the earth?2?chest circumference?816.circus s:ks n.?4287.search s:t v.&n.?for?1?The police searched the woods for the missing boy.?2?After a long search,they eventually found the missing papers.?4080.research ris:t,ri:s-v.&n.?re-?1?Shes researching into possible cures for AIDS.?2?scientific/medical research?/?892.collar kl n.?white/blue collar workers?/?5385.wheel wi:l n.?1199.curve k:v n.?v.?1?a curve in the road?;the curve of a graph?2?The road curves round to the left.?1189.curb k:b n.?vt.?1?You must try to put a curb on your bad temper/spending habits.?2?The government should act to curb tax evasion.?1193.curl k:l v.?n.?1?Does your hair curl naturally,or is it permed?2?Curls of smoke were rising from the chimney.?1162.crisp krisp adj.?1?Bake until the pastry is golden and crisp.?2?The sound from the new speakers is very crisp.?3?I breathed in deeply the crisp mountain air.?216?468.benign binain adj.?beni-?=-gn-=-gene-?2092.gene di:n n.?2100.genius di:njs n.?2511.ingenious indi:njs adj.?in-?+-geni-?+?-ous?2099.genetic dinetik adj.?n.-s?2104.genuine denjuin adj.?-genu-=-gene-?+?-ine?344.authentic:entik adj.?aut-?+-hent-+-ic?1?I dont know if the painting is authentic.?2?authentic Italian food?2095.generate denreit vt.?-gener-=-gene-?+?-ate?2096.generation,denrein n.?2097.generator denreit n.?1274.degenerate didenreit v.?adj.?n.?de-=dis-?2093.general denrl adj.?n.?-gener-?+?-al?captain general?2094.generalize denrlaiz v.?generalise?2098.generous denrs adj.?“?”?2340.homogeneous,hmdi:nis adj.?homo-=same?+-gene-?+?-ous?2091.gender dend n.?2101.gentle dentl adj.?mild?gentle?2103.gently dentli adv.?2102.gentleman dentlmn n.?3722.pregnant prennt adj.?pre-?+-gn-?+?-ant?2916.malignant mlinnt adj.?mal-?+-i-+-gn-?+?-ant?2108.germ d:m n.?2686.kin kin n.?gene?2687.kind kaind adj.?n.?2689.kindness kaindnis n.?2690.king ki n.?2691.kingdom kidm n.?king?+-dom=do?1454.do?du:aux.vt.?vi.?1470.doom du:m n.?v.?3880.queen kwi:n n.?217?478.bewilder biwild v.?be-?+wild?+-er?5415.wild waild adj.?3025.mild maild adj.?gentle?mild?2990.melt melt v.?4520.soft sft,s:ft adj.?2914.make meik n.?vt.?1828.fake feik n.?adj.?v.?2322.hire hai vt.&n.?1914.fire fai n.?vi.?vt.?1915.fireman faimn n.?2046.fuel fjul n.?vt.?fire?1890.fever fi:v n.?fire?1930.flare fle v.&n.?2416.ignite inait v.?483.bicycle baisikl n.?bike?vi.?bi-?+cycle=circle?bine kmbain v.?n.?com-?+bi(ne)?bination,kmbinein n.?1372.dilemma dlem n.?di-=bi-?+lemma?1206.cycle saikl n.?v.?3982.recycle,ri:saikl v.&n.?1628.encyclopedia nsaklpidi n.?encyclopaedia?en-=in-?+cyclo=circle?+-ped-=boy?+-ia?1207.cylinder silind n.?811.circle s:kl n.?v.?812.circuit s:kit n.?813.circular s:kjul adj.?n.?814.circulate s:kjuleit v.?815.circumference skmfrns n.?circum=circle?+-fer-?+?-ence?816.circus s:ks n.?4287.search s:t v.&n.?for?4080.research ris:t,ri:s-v.&n.?re-?892.collar kl n.?5385.wheel wi:l n.?1199.curve k:v n.?v.?1189.curb k:b n.?vt.?1193.curl k:l v.?n.?1162.crisp krisp adj.?218?E39?bid?blast?484.bid bid v.?n.?beg?1?She knew she couldnt afford it,so she didnt bid.?2?A French firm will be bidding for the contract.?3?I made a bid of$150 for the painting.?150?4?Sydney made a successful bid to host the Olympic Games.?1971.forbid fbid v.?forbade,forbidden?for-?+bid?1?He forbade them from mentioning the subject again.?2?He is forbidden from leaving the country.?487.billion biljn num.&n.?bi-?+million?“?”?3032.million miljn num.&n.?mill?+?-ion?“1000?”?3033.millionaire mljne(r)n.?million+?-aire?3026.mile mail n.?3031.millimeter mlimit(r)n.?millimetre?3028.military militri adj.?-milit-?+?-ary?military training?3027.milita