2005英语一真题【无水印】分享【www.x ue-ba.org学霸网】(1).pdf

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to beinsensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 toperceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smellswhich stick to surfaces.In fact,5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 humansmells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but notanother,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may bebecause some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smellreceptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to acertain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it oftenenough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 newreceptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitiveto our own smells-we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usualsmell of our own house,but we 18 new smells when we visit someone elses.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar andemergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger offire.英语（一）试题.1.（共14页)1.A.althoughB.asC.butD.while2.A.aboveB.unlikeC.excludingD.besides3.A.limitedB.committedC.dedicatedD.confined4.A.catchingB.ignoringC.missingD.tracking5.A.anywayB.thoughC.insteadD.therefore6.A.even ifB.if onlyC.only ifD.as if7.A.distinguishingB.discoveringC.determiningD.detecting8.A.dilutedB.dissolvedC.dispersedD.diffused9.A.whenB.sinceC.forD.whereas10.A.unusualB.particularC.uniqueD.typical11.A.signsB.stimuliC.messagesD.impulses12.A.at firstB.at allC.at largeD.at times13.A.subjectedB.leftC.drawnD.exposed14.A.ineffectiveB.incompetentC.inefficientD.insufficient15.A.introduceB.summonC.triggerD.create16.A.stillB.alsoC.otherwiseD.nevertheless17.A.sureB.sickC.awareD.tired18.A.tolerateB.repelC.neglectD.notice19.A.availableB.reliableC.identifiableD.suitable20.A.similar toB.such asC.along withD.aside fromSectionReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)英语（一）试题.2.（共14页)Text 1Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if youlearn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed,if he has a reputationfor slacking,you might even be outraged.Such behaviour is regarded asall toohuman,with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capableof this finely developed sense of grievance.But a study by Sarah Brosnan andFrans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta,Georgia,which has just beenpublished in Nature,suggests that it is all too monkey,as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured,co-operative creatures,and they sharetheir food readily.Above all,like their female human counterparts,they tend topay much closer attention to the value of goods and servicesthan males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnans and Dr.de Waals study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys toexchange tokens for food.Normally,the monkeys were happy enough toexchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However,when two monkeyswere placed in separate but adjoining chambers,so that each could observe whatthe other was getting in return for its rock,their behaviour became markedlydifferent.In the world of capuchins,grapes are luxury goods and much preferable tocucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for hertoken,the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange atall,the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber,or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed,the mere presence of a grapein the other chamber without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to induceresentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys,like humans,are guided bysocial emotions.In the wild,they are a co-operative,group-living species.Suchco-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not beingcheated.Feelings of righteous indignation,it seems,are not the preserve ofpeople alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelingsabundantly clear to other members of the group.However,whether such a senseof fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stemsfrom the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.英语（一）试题.3.（共14页)21.In the opening paragraph,the author introduces his topic byA.posing a contrastB.justifying an assumptionC.making a comparisonD.explaining a phenomenon22.The statement it is all too monkey(Last line,Paragraph 1)impliesthatA.monkeys are also outraged by slack rivalsB.resenting unfairness is also monkeysnatureC.monkeys,like humans,tend to be jealous of each otherD.no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably becausethey areA.more inclined to weigh what they getB.attentive to researchersinstructionsC.nice in both appearance and temperamentD.more generous than their male companions24.Dr.Brosnan and Dr.de Waal have eventually found in their study that themonkeysA.prefer grapes to cucumbersB.can be taught to exchange thingsC.will not be co-operative if feeling cheatedD.are unhappy when separated from others25.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.B.Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.C.Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.D.Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.英语（一）试题.4.（共14页)