2012年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

2012年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English最高法院大法官参与政治活动品损害法院的合法性原文朗读词汇讲解第一段1The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently.【词汇注释】ethicalerkla.(有关)道德的：伦理的justiced3Astsn.法官judgmentd3Ad3mantn.评价：判断issueh小u:n.重要议题；争论的问题the Supreme Court(美国)联邦最高法院recentlyri:sntliad.最近；近来【结构切分】The ethical judgmentsof the Supreme Court justiceshave become an.issue recently.主语The ethical judgments的后置定语系动词表语状语【全句译文】对最高法院大法官的伦理评判近日已成为重要议题。2The court cannot maintain its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law when justices behave likepoliticians.【词汇注释】maintainmenten.维持：保持the rule of law法治legitimacylrd3 Itimasin.合法（性）：合理（性）behavebrheIvv.表现；行事guardianga:diann.保卫者；守卫者politicianpplatujnn.政治家；政客【结构切分】时间状语从句主句：The court cannot maintainits legitimacyas guardian of.whenjusticesbehavelike politicians主语谓语宾语后置定语引导词主语谓语方式状语【全句译文】当大法官们如政客般行事时，最高法院便不能维持其作为法治捍卫者的合法性。3Yet,in several instances,justices acted in ways that weakened the courts reputation for beingindependent and impartial.微散信公众号【钠火T老研】【词汇注释】instanceInstansn.事例；实例reputationrepjutefnn.名誉；名声actxktv.行为：行事independent,lndipendanta.独立的weakenwikn.削弱；减弱impartialImpa:jla.公正的；不偏不倚的2They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have noneed to cultivate political support.【词汇注释】permanentp3 mananta.永久的：永恒的upsetApset】.(出人意料地)打败position圈p3znn.职位：职务in power掌权的：执政的freefri:a,不受限制的：不受约束的cultivatekAltveitv.获得（支持）【结构切分】主句：They gave justices permanent positions目的状they would be free to.and have no need to.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语语从句连词主语谓语部分1连词谓语部分2【全句译文】他们授予大法官终身职位，以便大法官们可以毫无顾虑地挫败当权者，且无需寻求政治支持。3Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely tied.【词汇注释】legal system法律体系：法律制度preciselyprrsaisliad.恰好，正是（用于强调）set sth apart(from.)使分离；使分开tietarv.连接：使紧密结合【结构切分】主句：Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics原因状precisely because they are so closely tied.主语被动态谓语目的状语语从句状语连词主语状语+被动态谓语【全句译文】正是因为法律与政治之间如此紧密相连，我们的法律体系才有意将两者分离。第五段1Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental socialconcepts like liberty and property.【词汇注释】constitutional law宪法conceptkDnseptn.概念；观念rootruty.使扎根于libertylbain.自由be rooted in扎根于；起源于；基于propertyprDpotin.财产fundamental,fAndamentla.基本的：根本的【结构切分】主句：Constitutional law ispolitical主语系动词表语个原因状语从句becauseitresults fromchoicesrooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property.连词主语谓语宾语choicesf的后置定语social concepts的同位语【全句译文】宪法性法律是政治性的，因为它是基于自由和财产等基本社会观念的选择的结果。2When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it shapes is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust.【词汇注释】deal with解决；处理ideologicaladialpd3kla.意识形态的shape小ep决定的形成：影响的easilyi:zaliad.容易地：轻易地发展dismissdlsms.不予考虑；摒弃inescapablyInrskeipabliad.不可避免地unjustAnd3Asta.不公平的；不公正的splitspltv.产生分歧：使分裂【结构切分】When the court deals withsocial policy decisions,引导词主语谓语宾语时间状语从句the law的定语从句主句：the lawisinescapably politicalitshapes主语系动词表语主语谓语非限制性定语从句-whichis.表语从句whydecisions split.linesare so easily dismissedas unjust.引导词系动词引导词主语decisions的后置定语状语+被动态谓语主语补足语【全句译文】当最高法院处理有关社会政策的判决时，其所促成的判例法不可避免地具有政治性这就是那些在意识形态上有分歧的判决很容易被认为不公正而不被接受的原因。第六段1The justices must address doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves accountableto the code of conduct.【词汇注释】address圈3dresv.设法解决；处理accountablekaunta3bla.负有责任的【结构切分】The justices must address doubts aabout the courts legitimacy by making.conduct.主语谓语宾语doubts的后置定语方式状语【全句译文】大法官们必须对行为准则负责，以此来应对人们对最高法院合法性的质疑。2That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,as a result,convincing as law.【词汇注释】rulingru:lipn.裁决；判决separate from与分离；与分开seesiu认为；看待convincingk3nvInSIDa.有说服力的【结构切分】Thatwould make rulings more.politics and,as a result,convincing as law.主语谓语宾语宾补1连词插人语宾补2【全句译文】这更有可能让人们认为，他们的判决是与政治分离的，因而作为判例法是有说服力的。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText1同侪压力的作用第一段原文朗读词汇讲1Come on-Everybodys doing it.【结构切分】分句1（祈使句）：谓语Come on+分句2：一Everybodys doing it.主语+谓语宾语【全句译文】快来吧一大家都在这样做呢。2That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when wehear the words peer pressure.【词汇注释】whisperwIsp(r)v.小声说：耳语think of想起：记起messagemesid3n.消息；音信peerpIo(r)n.同辈：同龄人invitationnvtejnn.鼓动；怂恿peer pressure同侪压力【结构切分】主句：That whispered message,is表语从句whatmost of usthink of主语系动词引导词主语谓语插人语时间状语从句whenwe hearthe wordshalf invitation and half forcing,peer pressure.引导词主语谓语宾语宾语he words的同位语【全句译文】这句半怂恿半强迫的耳语是我们大多数人在听到“同侪压力”一词时会想到的。3It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.【词汇注释】lead to导致：通向drugdragn.毒品【结构切分】It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.主语状语谓语宾语no good的同位语【全句译文】它通常会引发不良行为一酗酒、吸毒以及随意性行为。4But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be apositive force through what she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use thepower of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.6