2008英语一真题【无水印】分享(1).pdf

绝密启用前2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）(科目代码：201)考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生编号考生姓名Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others isone of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name.But Gregory Cochran is1 to say it anyway.He is that 2 bird,a scientist who worksindependently 3 any institution.He helped popularize the idea that somediseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections,which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.5 he,however,might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do.Together with another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explainsthe process that has brought this about.The group in 8 are a particularpeople originated from central Europe.The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test,9 12-15 points above the10 value of 100,and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and culturallife of the West,as the 12 of their elites,including several world-renownedscientists,13.They also suffer more often than most people from a number ofnasty genetic diseases,such as breast cancer.These facts,14,have previouslybeen thought unrelated.The former has been 15 to social effects,such as astrong tradition of 16 education.The latter was seen as a(an)17 of geneticisolation.Dr.Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18.His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them tounique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.英语（一）试题，1，（共14页）1.A.selectedB.preparedC.obligedD.pleased2.A.uniqueB.particularC.specialD.rare3.A.ofB.withC.inD.against4.A.subsequentlyB.presentlyC.previouslyD.lately5.A.OnlyB.SoC.EvenD.Hence6.A.thoughtB.sightC.costD.risk7.A.advisesB.suggestsC.protestsD.objects8.A.progressB.factC.needD.question9.A.attainingB.scoringC.reachingD.calculating10.A.normalB.commonC.meanD.total11.A.unconsciouslyB.disproportionatelyC.indefinitelyD.unaccountably12.A.missionsB.fortunesC.interestsD.careers13.A.affirmB.witnessC.observeD.approve14.A.moreoverB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhile15.A.given upB.got overC.carried onD.put down16.A.assessingB.supervisingC.administeringD.valuing17.A.developmentB.originC.consequenceD.instrument18.A.linkedB.integratedC.wovenD.combined19.A.limitedB.subjectedC.convertedD.directed20.A.paradoxicalB.incompatibleC.inevitableD.continuousSectionReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C,or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)英语（一）试题.2.（共14页）Text 1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life,womenappear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.Women areparticularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in responseto stress compared to men,according to Dr.Yehuda,chief psychiatrist at NewYorks Veterans Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehowaffect the stress response,causing females under stress to produce more of thetrigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.In several of thestudies,when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductiveorgans)removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals,are her increasedopportunitiesfor stress.Its not necessarily that women dont cope as well.Its just that they have so much more to cope with,says Dr.Yehuda.Theircapacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens,she observes,itsjust that theyre dealing with so many more things that they become worn outfrom it more visibly and sooner.Dr.Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes.I think that thekinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic orrepeated nature.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.Men areexposed to more acts of random physical violence.The kinds of interpersonalviolence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations,by,unfortunately,parents or other family members,and they tend not to be one-shotdeals.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quitedevastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son,but was determinedto finish college.I struggled a lot to get the college degree.I was living in somuch frustration that that was my escape,to go to school,and get ahead and dobetter.Later,her marriage ended and she became a single mother.Its thehardest thing to take care of a teenager,have a job,pay the rent,pay the carpayment,and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarezdescribes.But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations,with fewbreaks,and feeling the strain.Alvarezs experience demonstrates the importanceof finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability tofunction.英语（一）试题.3.（共14页）21.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A.Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.B.Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.C.Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.D.Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr.Yehudas research suggests that womenA.need extra doses of chemicals to handle stressB.have limited capacity for tolerating stressC.are more capable of avoiding stressD.are exposed to more stress23.According to Paragraph 4,the stress women confront tends to beA.domestic and temporaryB.irregular and violentC.durable and frequentD.trivial and random24.The sentence I lived from paycheck to paycheck.(Line 6,Para.5)showsthatA.Alvarez cared about nothing but making moneyB.Alvarezs salary barely covered her household expensesC.Alvarez got paychecks from different jobsD.Alvarez paid practically everything by check25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Strain of Stress:No Way Out?B.Responses to Stress:Gender DifferenceC.Stress Analysis:What Chemicals SayD.Gender Inequality:Women Under Stress英语（一）试题.4.（共14页)