2023年逐词逐句精讲册【jiaoyupan.com教育盘】(1).pdf

2023年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English商旅客栈原文朗读词汇讲解第一段1Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China,North Africa and the Middle East.【词汇注释】caravanseraiker3vens3raln.商旅客栈innnn.小旅馆：客栈roadsideraudsaidn.路边；路旁the Silk Road丝绸之路【结构切分】主句：Caravanserais were roadside innsroadside innsthatwere builtalong the Silk Roadin areas主语系动词表语的定语从句引导词被动态谓语介词短语作地点状语1介词短语作地点状语2areas的同位语including China,North Africaand the Middle East引导词同位语1同位语2连词同位语3【全句译文】商旅客栈是沿丝绸之路在中国、北非、中东等地区修建的路边旅舍2They were typically located outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by localgovernments or privately.【词汇注释】typicallyuprkliad.通常：一般fundfandv.资助：提供资金locatelaUkeIt.位于：坐落在privatelyprarvatliad.私人地；以私人身份或角色【结构切分】主干：Theywere typically locatedandwere usually funded主语被动态谓语1+状语连词被动态谓语2+状语介词短语作地点状语介词短语与副词并列结构作状语outside the wallsof a city or villageby local governments or privately.介词outside的宾语介词短语作he walls的后置定语介词短语作施事状语连词副词作方式状语【全句译文】它们通常坐落在城市或乡村的外围，一般由地方政府修建或私人出资建设。P第二段The word“caravanserai”is a combination of the Persian words“karvan”,which means agroup of travellers or a caravan,and sardy,a palace or enclosed building.1【词汇注释】combinationkpmbinenn.组合：结合caravanker3vEnn.旅行队Persianp3:jna.波斯语的palacepalasn.王宫：宫殿travellerravala(r)n.旅人：旅行者enclosed1nklauzd1a.用墙围住的：封闭的【结构切分】主句：The wordcaravanseraiisa combination主语This word的同位语系动词表语介词短语作a combination的后置定语of the Persian words“karvan”andsaray.a palaceorenclosed building介词of的宾语the Persian words连词the Persian words“saray”的同位语I连词saray的同位语2的同位语1的同位语2“karvan”的非限制性定语从句which means a group介词短语作a groupoftravellersora caravan引导词谓语宾语的后置定语介词of的宾语1连词of的宾语2【全句译文】caravanserai一词由波斯语karvan(表示一群旅人或一支旅行队)和sardy(表示一座宫殿或有围墙的建筑)组合而成2The term caravan was used to describe groups of people who travelled together across the ancientnetwork for safety reasons,such as merchants,travellers or pilgrims.【词汇注释】term3mn.词语：术语networknetw3kn.交通网路describedrskraib.描述；形容merchantm3tantn.商人：批发商traveltrel.长途行走pilgrimpilgrimn.朝圣者ancienteinfonta.古代的：古老的【结构切分】主句：The termcaravanwas usedto describe groups of people主语The term的同位语被动态谓语不定式短语作目的状语roups of people的定语从句groups of peoplef的同位语who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons,such as merchants,travellers orpilgrims引导词谓语方式状语介词短语作地点状语原因状语引导词同位语1同位语2连词同位语3【全句译文】caravan一词则被用来描述出于安全考虑而结伴穿行在这一古老交通网路（丝绸之路）的各类人群，比如商人、旅人或朝圣者。)第三段1From the 10th century onwards,as merchant and travel routes became more developed,theconstruction of caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night.【词汇注释】routerutn.路线；路途constructionkanstrAkfnn.建造；建设developeddrvelapta.发达的；高度发展的serve as可用作；可当使2【全句译文】为此，商旅客栈的位置做了战略布局，为的是旅行者们在历经一天的长途跋涉后恰好可以抵达第四段1Caravanserais served as an informal meeting point for the various people who travelled the SilkRoad.【词汇注释】informal圈nfo:mla.友好随意的：令人放松的pointpontn.地方：地点meetingmi:t)n.会面：集合variousveariasa.各种不同的：各种各样的【结构切分】主句：Caravanseraisservedas an informal meeting point主语谓语介词短语作方式状语介词短语作an informal meeting point的后置定语for the various people the various peoplewho travelled the Silk Road.介词for的宾语的定语从句引导词谓语宾语【全句译文】商旅客栈是行走在丝绸之路上的各类人群的轻松友好的聚会场所2As a result,these structures became important centres for cultural exchange and interaction,with travellers sharing their cultures,ideas and beliefs,as well as taking knowledge with them,greatly influencing the development of several civilisations.【词汇注释】structurestrAktf(r)n.建筑物developmentdvelapmantn.发展；壮大exchangeIkstfeind3n.交流civilisationsivolarzenn.文明：特定地区的社interactionIntoraeknh.互动；沟通会、文化和生活方式beliefbli:fn.信仰：宗教信仰【结构切分】with travellerssharingtheir cultures,ideas and beliefs,as well as takingknowledge with them介词逻辑主语逻辑谓语1 sharing的宾语1宾语2连词宾语3连词逻辑谓语2 taking的宾语对象状语wth复合结构作伴随状语主千：As a result,these structures became important centres介词短语作for cultural exchange and interaction,状语，表评注主语系动词表语mportant centres的后置定语价词for的宾语1连词for的宾请2现在分词短语作结果状语greatly influencingthe developmentof several civilisations.程度状语现在分词influencingf的宾语介词短语作the development的后置定语【全句译文】因此，这些客栈成了重要的文化交流、互动中心，旅行者们（在此）既可以获取知识，又可以分享他们的文化、思想和信仰，这给几个地区的文明的发展带来了重大影响。第五段1Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and aided in the trade ofgoods along the Silk Road.【词汇注释】marketplacema:kitpleisn.市场aideIdv.帮助：援助commodityk3mpdati.商品goodsgudzn.商品：货品【结构切分】主干：Caravanserais were also an important marketplace and aided介词短语作in the trade of goods主语系动词状语表语连词谓语状语，表方面介词in的宾语介词短语作an important marketplacel的后置定语】介词短语作he trade of goodsf的后置定语for commoditiesalong the Silk Road.介词for的宾语介词along的宾语【全句译文】商旅客栈也是重要的（大宗）商品的交易市场，且有助于丝绸之路沿线（小宗）商品的买卖。2Indeed,it was frequently the first stop for merchants looking to sell their wares and stock up onsupplies for their own journeys.【词汇注释】frequentlyfri:kwantliad.往往；经常stock up on sth储备，备足（某物）stop圈stppn.中途停留（处）supplys3plaln.补给：储备wareweo(r)n.待出售的物品journeyd33:nin.旅行：行程【结构切分】主干：Indeed.itwas frequently the first stopfor their own joureys.状语，表评注主语系动词状语表语介词for的宾语介词短语作he first stopf的后置定语介词短语作stock up on supplies的日的状语for merchants现在分词短语作looking to sell their wares and stock up on supplies介词for的宾语merchants的后置定语现在分词不定式短语作lookingf的宾语【全句译文】实际上，对于那些想要出售货物同时又为自己旅程储备补给的商人来说，商旅客栈往往是第一站。3It is believed that around 12,000 to 15,000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road,although only about 3,000 are known to remain today,many of which are in ruins.【词汇注释】remainrmenk.剩余：遗留in ruins严重受损：破败不堪【结构切分】主句：is believed主语从句that around12,000to15,000 caravanserais were builtalong the Silk Road,形式主语被动态谓语真正主语引导词主语被动态谓语介词短语作地，点状语让步状语从句about3,000的非限制性定语从句although only about 3.000 are knownto remaintoday,many of whicharein ruins.引导词状语主语被动态谓语主语about3,000的补足语时间状语代词+介词+引导词系动词介词短语作表语【全句译文】据信，丝绸之路沿线修建了大约12000到15000间商旅客栈，不过目前已知仅存约3000间，其中许多已经破败不堪5Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1学校面临加强环境教育的呼声第一段原文朗读词汇讲解The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat,but the temperature will behigh at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climatechange is taught in Texas schools.【词汇注释】weatherweda(r)n.天气：气象boardb3:dn.葷事会：委员会extreme heat极端高温official3fin.官员：要员temperaturetemprata(r)n.热烈（或激烈）debatedrbeIt.争论；辩论程度climate change气候变化【结构切分】分句l:The weather in Texasmay have cooledsince the recent extreme heat,主语谓语时间状语分句2：but the temperaturewill be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month连词主语系动词表语地点状语时间状语原因状语从句asofficials debatedebate的宾语从句howclimate change is taughtin Texas schools.引导词主语谓语引导词主语被动态谓语地点状语【全句译文】得克萨斯州（以下简称得州）的天气自近期的极端高温之后可能已有所转凉，但本月在奥斯汀举行的州教育委员会的会议将会热火朝天，这是因为官员们将就得州学校如何讲授气候变化的知识展开争论。第二段DPat Hardy,who sympathises with the views of the energy sector,is resisting proposed changes toscience standards for pre-teen pupils.【词汇注释】sympathisesimpa0aIz.支持：赞同proposepropazk.提出；提议energyenad3in.能源standardstaendadn.标准；水平sectorsekta(r)n.部门：行业pre-teenpri:tina.十一二岁的resistrrzistv.反对：抵制pupilpju:pln.学生；小学生6