2015年逐词逐句精讲册(1).pdf

2015年逐词逐句精讲册Section IUse of English朋友间具有相似基因回32原文朗读词汇讲解D第一段1Though not biologically related,friends are as relatedas fourth cousins,sharing about 1%ofgenes.【词汇注释】biologicallybar3lpd3kliad.生物学上fourth cousin第四代表亲relatedrrleitida.有亲属关系的gened3i:nn.基因【结构切分】主句：friendsareasrelatedas fourth cousins,sharing about 1%of genes.主语系动词表语比较状语原因状语让步状语从句Though(friends are)not biologically related引导词主语系动词表语【全句译文】朋友之间尽管没有血缘关系，但却“亲”如第四代表亲，拥有约1%的相同基因。2That is what a study,published from the University of California and Yale University in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has concluded.【词汇注释】publishpAbl.发表concludekonklu:d.总结；得出结论National Academy of Sciences美国国家科学院【结构切分】a study的后置定语主句：Thatwhat a study,has concluded.主语系动词表语从句（引导词+主语+谓语）published from.Sciences【全句译文】这是由加利福尼亚大学和耶鲁大学共同发表在美国国家科学院院刊上的一项研究所得出的结论。第二段DThe study is a genome-wide analysis conducted on 1,932 unique subjects which compared pairsof unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.【词汇注释】genomed3i:n3Umn.基因组uniquejuni:ka.独特的analysisanalasisn.分析subjectsAbd3ktn.研究对象conductkandnkt.组织：安排unrelatediAnrletda.无亲缘关系的【结构切分】主句：The studyiSa genome-wide analysisconducted on 1,932 unique subjects主语系动词表语a genome-wide analysis的后置定语a genome-wide analysis的定语从句which compared pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers引导词谓语宾语【全句译文】这项研究对1932个独特的研究对象进行了全基因组分析，成对比较了没有血亲关系的朋友及陌生人。2The same people were used in both samples.【词汇注释】samplesa:mpln.样本【结构切分】The same peoplewere usedin both samples.主语被动态谓语地点状语【全句译文】两组样本中使用了相同的研究对象。第三段1While 1%may seem insignificant,it is not so to a geneticist.【词汇注释】insignificantInsignifikanta.微不足道的geneticistd33netrsistn.遗传学家【结构切分】主句：itis not so to a geneticist让步状While 1%may sceminsignificant主语系动词表语状语语从句引导词主语系动词表语【全句译文】虽然1%可能看起来微不足道，但对遗传学家而言并非如此。2As James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego,says,Most people do not even knowtheir fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who resemble our kin.【词汇注释】professorprafesa(r)n.教授selectsIlekt v.选择：挑选medicalmedikla.医学的resemblerrzemblv.与相似geneticsd3anetrksn.遗传学kinknn.亲属；亲戚2【全句译文】对此加以研究可能有助于理解为何人类进化在过去的三万年间加快了步伐，（其中）社会环境是一个主要的促成因素。第六段1The findings do not simply explain peoples tendency to befriend those of similar ethnicbackgrounds,say the researchers.【词汇注释】simplystmpliad.简单地ethnicenka.种族的tendencytendansin.趋势；趋向backgroundbaekgraundn.背景befriendbrfrendv.交朋友researcherrrsa:ta(r)n.研究人员【结构切分】say t主干：the researchers.主语The findings do not simply explain peoples tendency to befriend those of similar ethnic backgrounds,引语：主语状语+谓语宾语peoples tendency的后置定语【全句译文】研究人员称，该发现不是在简单说明人们倾向于和种族背景相似的人交朋友。2Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken tosee that all subjects,friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.【词汇注释】population.pDpjuleIfnn.族群carekea(r)h.小心extraction圈kstrakJnn.族裔see国si:】v.确保【结构切分】主句：care was taken to seesee的宾that all subjects,friends and strangers,were takenfrom.population.主语被动态谓语语从句引导词主语all subjects的同位语被动态谓语状语个让步状语从句Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,引导词主语被动态谓语状语【全句译文】尽管所有的研究对象都选自一个欧裔族群，但（研究人员）还是悉心确保所有的研究对象，不管是朋友还是陌生人，都来自同一个族群。SectionReading Comprehension5Part AText1欧洲王室是否行将就木？第一段原文朗读词汇讲解1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings dont abdicate,they die in their sleep.5