22考研英语词汇（线上）更新版－宋逸轩英语考研资料免费分享.pdf

22考研英语大纲高频词汇多线串记主讲：宋逸轩 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文1单词重要吗？决定性单词怎么背才能记住并应用？理解应用重复我会怎么讲单词？音形意应课后需要复习吗？重复23moral moralizemorally morality moralist amoral immoral demoralizemoralistic moralism moralizationMoral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.1/2015/RMost of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions1/2013/TTylor defined culture as“.that complex whole which includes belief,art,morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”1/2003/T微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文45mortal mortals mortallymortalityrising rates of mortality（2/17）mortician 6Mercury 墨丘利水星；水星；温度表；精神，元气 commercial 商业的 commerce 商业；经商 commodity 商品 同词源：market 市场 merchandise 商品 merchant 商人 These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate,but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.2/2012/R In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.在许多方面，道德目的的缺失不仅造成了如此广泛的电话窃听事件，也构成了审判的条件。1/2015/R 7term：学期期限期间；条件条款术语（近五年10+）But in the medium term,middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.但在发展中期，中产阶级劳动者可能需要大量帮助来进行调整。1/2018/RThe defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score,even though IQ tests are not given as they used to be.定义人类智力的术语似乎仍然是 IQ 分数，尽管 IQ 测试的过程已经和过去不同。1/2007RMoreover,the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.此外，欧洲共同体的一体化将迫使电视公司在制作和发行方面进行更密切的合作。1/2005/R8oblige：迫使强制恩赐感激义务；责任 帮忙 obliged:adj.有责任的感激的 v.要求 obligate：adj.有责任的必需的 vt.使有义务强迫 obligation：义务职责 obliging:adj.乐于助人的有礼貌的；v.迫使 From January 1st,2008,all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40%of their board directors are women.从2008年1月1日起，挪威所有上市公司都有义务确保至少40%的董事会成员是女性。2/2009/RMany papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard.2/2011/R9In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth,the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S.,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive,and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.在经济增长的道德后果一书中，经济历史学家本杰明表示：不论是在美国还是其他地方，长期的经济停滞或经济衰退基本上总能让社会变得更狭隘、包容性更弱，通常还会让权利与自由的发展止步不前或逆向而行。2/2012/R Yet we can reverse such influences.然而，我们可以扭转这种影响。2/2013/Rreversedreversalreversiblereversely（conversely）1011ethic ethics ethical a.(n.prescription medicine/drugs)prescriptprescriptive ethicist Trolley Problem 12Two things fill the mind with ever new and increasing admiration and awe,the more often and steadily we reflect upon them:the starry heavens above me and the moral law within me.有两种东西，我对它们的思考越是深沉和持久，它们在我心灵中唤起的惊奇和敬 畏就会日新月异，不断增长，这就是我头上的星空和心中的道德定律。cynicism 犬儒主义;cynical 犬儒的 cynic 犬儒“What is a cynic?A man who knows the price of everything and the value of nothing?(王尔德温德梅尔夫人的扇子)Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and,to many people,the greatest English novelist of the 19th century.A moralist,satirist,and social reformer.1/2017/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文1314conscience 道德心良心 science n.学问科学拉丁文：scientia(知识)1340-1840 “We need very much a name to describe a cultivator of science in general.I should incline to call him a Scientist.”scientific adj.subconsciousnessThe Conscience of AI:Complex But Inevitable 2019年英语一阅读text3 35题选项Cinevitableunavoidable15Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice,we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought.1/2016/TBut its interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthood arent in some small,subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience,in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting the Rachel might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.但这确实有趣：反思一下我们每周看到的无忧无虑，幸福诱人的为人父母的生活会不会从一种微小的，无意识的方面加剧我们对于现实生活的不满。这种方式就好像：我们有那种想成为the Rachel的心理，这种心理，使得我们看上去有点像Jennifer Aniston。1/2011/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文16electricelectrical electricityelectrifyelectricianelectrificationelectric circuitelectric currentelectric appliance微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文17circuitcirclecircularcircuitrycirculatecirculationcircumstanceWhat people dont realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain,says Pillay.2/2018/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文18current currency currency circulation curse accuse/accuser/accusation accuse sb.of sth./charge sb.with sth.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文19damn condemnOver the past century,all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.1/2004/RI felt so damn happy all of a sudden,the way old Phoebe kept going around.I was damn near bawling,I felt so damn happy,if you want to know the truth.I dont know why.It was just that she looked so damn nice,the way she kept going around and around,in her blue coat and all.The Catcher in the Rye微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文2023.The word“indictment”(Line 3,Para.2)is closest in meaning to A accusation.B enthusiasm.C indifference.D tolerance.1/2013/R The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.1/2004/T 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文21The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education.美国科学促进会对人文教育表现出极大的热情。1/2014/R-path-=-pass-情感passion/enthusiasm/enthusiastic compassion 怜悯,同情empathy 同情;同感,共鸣 ;empathetic 体恤别人感受的;感同身受的Today,we want empathy,not inspiration.22012Rapathy漠然,冷淡 sympathy 同情;赞同;同感,共鸣 in sympathy with 支持 antipathy反感,厌恶 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文22charge n.1费用,价钱;2主管,负责;3指控,控告;4指责,批评;5电荷,电量;v.1收费;2控告 quick charge rechargeable battery recyclable bags On the other hand,he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that while he was a good observer,he had no power of reasoning.1/2008/T微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文23apply申请;应用 Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism,because writing was,and still is,one of my favorite activities.217T application n.申请;申请表;应用;运用,应用程序 but a tool to build apps,or create artwork,or test hypotheses.appliance n.(家用)电器,器具 apply to 应用 how to think logically through a problem and organize the results apply to any coding language,said Deborah Seehorn,an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.2/16/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文24Verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law.裁决应该代表社会的良知，而不仅仅是法律条文。2/2010/R 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文25Verdicts It is against that background that the information commissioner,Elizabeth Denham,has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS,which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients rights and their expectations of privacy.正是在这种背景下，情报局官员伊丽莎白德纳姆对 NHS 下的英国皇家自由信托基金会发布了一份证据确凿的裁定。该信托基金会于2015年基于一份模糊的协议向 DeepMind 交付了160万患者的记录，丝毫未考虑患者的权利和他们对于个人隐私受到保护的期望。1/2018/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文2627A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.动荡的商业环境也让高级管理人员变得小心翼翼，以免含糊的声明玷污了他们的声誉。1/2011/R But particularly when viewed against Americas turbulent past,todays social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.但是与美国动荡狂暴的过去相比，如今的社会基本不能说明美国的社会环境正变得黑暗，且正在恶化。1/2006/R28annouce announcer announcing announcement Ten years ago on Monday,it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London.十年前的星期一，第30届奥林匹克运动会宣布将在伦敦举办。2/2017/Rdeteriorate deterioration aggravate 1 使加重;使恶化;2 惹怒,激怒 grave(a grave issue=a serious problem )irritate 刺激；激怒 The guild(行会;同业公会;协会)-like ownership structure is considered“restrictive”partly because it A bans outsiders involvement in the profession.B keeps lawyers from holding law-firm 律师事务所 shares.C aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.D prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.1/2014/R 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文29speculate(on)speculation speculator speculative speculativeness 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文30微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文31community commune communal/ly communion communization communalism The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.天文学界正在做出让步来改变其对莫纳克亚山的使用。1/2017/R Mr.Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program,with a starting wage of$13 an hour that rises to$17 after two years.罗斯先生让三名社区大学生参加了就业安置计划，他们的起薪从每小时13美元，两年后涨到每小时17美元。2/2017/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文32astronomy astronomical astronomer astronaut astrophysics astrophysicist astrology astrologicalphysics物理学physi身体 physical 身体的实物的metaphysics（古希腊文 ，拉丁文metaphysica）metaphysical/(superstition)mathematicsroboticsgeneticsdemographygeography/geology/geometrypsychology/psychologist/psychologicalpsychopathology/psycholinguisticethicsdynamicseconomicseconomy(rich/emerging economies)giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文33physi身体 physical 身体的实物的(physical currency VS digital currency)physiology 生理学(取第一层含义)physiologistphysics 物理学（取第二层含义）physicist 物理学家physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生neurosurgeon神经外科医生surgeon dentist牙外科医生physical education 体育 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文34account n.1账户;2 描述;(思想、理论、过程的)3 解释;v.认为是 a large bank account (1/08)credit-card accounts (1/07)a vivid account of the new book(2/10)accountant/accounting discount countless counter counterpart counter-culture over-the-counter encounter by/from all accounts 据说;根据报道 account for 占一定数量或比例;解释,说明 be accountable for 对负责hold to account 使承担责任 take sth into account 考虑 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文35What might account for this strange phenomenon?(2007 英语一 Text 1)Wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US?(2018 英语二 Text 2)A correct baseline must be taken into account.(2006 英语一 Text 3)Well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations (2015 英语一 Text 4)to hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change(2019 英语二 Text 4)微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文36古希腊文：英文：Chronos/Khronos词根 chron：时间Cronus：kruns n.克洛诺斯chronic：krnk adj.chronic：长期患病的，慢性的；积习难改的；严重的，坏的chronicle：krnk()l n.编年史，年代史chronology：krnld n.年代学，年表chronological：adj.按时间先后顺序排列的synchronous：skrns adj.同时的，同步的synchronize：skrnaz v.同步，使同步chronometer：krnmt n.计时器微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文37As well as those chronic problems,the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core,the 16 countries that use the single currency.2/2011/R 除了那些长期的问题之外，欧盟在其经济内核中面临一场严重的危机，就是16个国家都使用单一的货币。欧盟：European Union 真题中搭配考点：acute shortage/*pain /*competition /*illness /*judgment /*observer微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文38And here I have lamely related to you the uneventful chronicle of two foolish children in a flat who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house.在这儿，我已经笨拙地给你们介绍了住公寓套间的两个傻孩子不足为奇的平淡故事，他们极不明智地为了对方而牺牲了他们家最最宝贵的东西。（The Gift of the Magiby O.Henry）微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文39The first published sketch,A Dinner at Poplar Walk brought tears to Dickenss eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine.From then on his sketches,which appeared under the pen name Boz in The Evening Chronicle,earned him a modest reputation.2017年考研英语一新题型狄更斯发现他的第一部随笔，白杨庄晚宴，在每月杂志上刊登的时候，使他热泪盈眶。从那以后他就用笔名博兹发表随笔，刊登在夜晚记事上，让他小有名气。sketch 文学速写，随笔Chronicle：n.编年史、年代记modest 轻微的，不太多的bring tears to sbs eyes 使某人落泪from then on 从那时开始微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文40Superhigh scores like Vos Savants are no longer possible，because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers，rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100.adj：按时间先后顺序排列的译文：像沃斯萨文特得到这样的超高分数也再不可能，因为现在的分数依据的是相同年龄者的统计学群体分布状况，而不是简单地通过实足年龄乘以 100 来划分智能年龄。(2007年考研英语一阅读 text2)Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom.(2011年考研英语二阅读 text2)vt.按时间顺序记载 将载入编年史中译文：新闻报纸比如旧金山纪事报当时就在把自己的厄运编档入案。微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文41statistical statistic(s)statisticianBut he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.但他指出，内科医学年鉴、美国医学会杂志和柳叶刀等生物医学期刊非常重视统计评论。1/2015/RpeersIn Denmark,the United States,and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.在丹麦、美国和其他一些国家，它正试图为模特与时尚形象设定更依赖于同行压力实施的自愿性标准。1/2016/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文42enforcementenforceUnited States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizonas controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.在美国，多数人推翻了亚利桑那州有争议的计划中四项有争议的条款中的三项，该计划要求州和地方警察执行联邦移民法。1/2013/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文43contestcontestedprovisionprovideproviderprovisionerprovisional controversialcontroversycontrovert微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文44controversy 争论；争议(contra+verse转反着转对着干争论)counteract 对抗;抵消(counter+act 行为反着行动对抗)counterbalance 平衡(counter+balance 平衡两边一样达到平衡)countermand 撤消(counter+mand 命令反命令撤消命令)What does the phrase“to be aligned”(Line 5,Para.6)most probably mean?A.To counterbalance B.To complementC.To be identical D.To be contradictory1/19/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文45doom doomsday doom and gloom But policymakers who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.但如果政策制定者将注意力放在改善福祉上，而不是单纯担心 GDP 数据，就能避免预测中的厄运，甚至可能看到进展。1/2017/R微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文46chore OK(karaoke)terpsichore 司舞蹈及合唱 orchestra 管弦乐队;chorus 合唱团 ;choir 唱诗班 chorea 舞蹈症 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文47neurosis 神经病 nerve 神经、镇定、勇气 nervous 紧张的psychosis 精神病 psyche 心灵、灵魂、精神 psychology 心理学 insane 精神病的 insomnia失眠(症)hysteria 歇斯底里症 hysterical 歇斯底里的 hysterics 歇斯底里发作 White fingers and nimble tore at the string and paper.and then an ecstatic scream of joy;and then,alas!a quick feminine change to hysterical tears and wails,necessitating the immediate employment of all the comforting powers of the lord of the flat.白皙的手指灵巧地解开绳子，打开纸包。紧接着是欣喜若狂的尖叫，哎呀！突然变成了女性神经质的泪水和哭泣，急需男主人千方百计的慰藉。（The Gift of the Magiby O.Henry）depression 抑郁症 procrastination 拖延症 euphoria 欣快症epidemic 流行病微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文48Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood,let alone reproduced,says David Eagleman,a Stanford University neuroscientist.2019年英语一阅读text 3How much of intelligence can be specified,and how much can we learn about it from neurology,genetics,computer science and other fields?2007年阅读text 2Social psychologists have amassed（积聚、积累）oceans of research into what they call the“above average effect”,or“illusory superiority（虚幻的优越感）”,and shown that,for example,70%of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership,93%in driving and 85%at getting on well with others all obviously statistical impossibilities.2014年英语二阅读text 2Social science disciplines include geography,economics,political science,psychology,and sociology.2003年翻译文章微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文49soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime,at the annual peak of soccer mania;2007年阅读text 1The word“mania”(Line 4,Paragraph 2)most probably meansA fun.B craze.C hysteria.D e