翻译逻辑05课堂笔记.pdf

视频定位0:2211:29NOTE：小板块句子主干从句插入语补充知识红色字体为关键词课后练习Notes：microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜修正 例句18 讲解still可以跟在比较级后面，表示仍然，如本句中 only more gradually still例句23 p33Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.（1994.75）【知识点】1.vice versa=with the order reversed 反之，反之亦然2.finance v.资助，拨款，给提供资金3.at the expense of=at the cost of=at the sacrifice of 以为代价【翻译方法】抽象具象例：at the expense of technology 译为“减少技术的经费投入”参考答案：政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入而增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看做是驱动力量。例句24 p33Galileos greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth.（1994.74）【翻译方法】省略例：he was the first person to 译为“首次”或“他是第一个”参考答案：伽利略最光辉的业绩在于：在1609年他首先将新发明的望远镜对准天空旨在证实行星围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转。例句25 p33lnterest in historical methods has arisen/less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline/and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.(1999.72)【翻译方法】1.看懂句子结构，如果less through部分不会翻就先不翻2.短语的翻译an intellectual discipline 知识性学科intellectual 智力的，理解力的，知识的；n.知识分子discipline n.v.纪律；惩罚；训练；学科3.介词倒着翻例：external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline临场版：外界对于历史作为一门知识性学科有效性的质疑梦想版：外界质疑历史是否算一门知识性学科视频定位11:3016:01表语从句宾语从句主语从句宾语从句视频定位16:0231:42翻译逻辑05课堂笔记翻译逻辑05课堂笔记 的第 1 页有道考神考研Notes：rather than 是而不是institute 学院（MIT)；institution 机构，制度preserve n.权力英文释义：a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone例：external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline临场版：外界对于历史作为一门知识性学科有效性的质疑梦想版：外界质疑历史是否算一门知识性学科参考答案：对于历史方法兴趣的产生,主要是因为史学界内部争论，其次是因为外界质疑历史作为一门知识性学科的有效性。例句26 p34Traditionally legal learning has been viewed in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers,rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.(2007.46)【知识点】1.preserve 保护以防止腐烂conserve 保护以防止浪费reserve 保护以备后用conservationist 环保主义者2.猜词：词根词缀、一词中心3.either or 要么要么neither nor 既不是也不是both and 既又not but 不是而是so that 如此以至于such as 像一样same as 如一样 rather than 是而不是not so much as 与其说不如说【翻译方法】被动语态+介词短语时，有时可将介词短语作为主语例：legal learning has been viewed in such institutions the special preserve of lawyers 这些院校一直把法律学习看作是律师专有的特权参考答案：传统上讲，这些院校一直把法律学习看作是律师专有的特权，而不是每一个受过教育的人必备的知识才能。例句27 p34The newly described languages were often so strihingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.(2004.63)【知识点】1.newly described languages 新近描述的语言well studied languages 充分研究的语言2.Southeast Asia 东南亚3.fabricate vt.伪造，编造，捏造参考答案：这些新近被描述的语言与得到了充分研究的欧洲和东南亚地区的语言往往差别显著，以至于有些学者甚至指责博阿斯和萨皮尔编造了数据。视频定位52:0556:26视频定位31:4352:04翻译逻辑05课堂笔记 的第 2 页有道考神考研例句28 p35lt leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:/it invites you to thin that animals should be treated/either with the consideration humans extend to other humans,/or with no consideration at all./（1997.73）【知识点】1.at the outset 一开始set out 出发onset n.开始offset v.补偿，抵消 upset v.使得难过 adj.难过的2.动词多译extend an olive branch 抛橄榄枝参考答案：这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠无情。例句29 p35He believes/that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantages/of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence/and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observation./(2008.46)【知识点】1.very 正是（放在n.前表示强调）pensating advantages 弥补性的优势，补偿性的优势3.reasoning n.推理4.intent n.打算，目的；adj.专注的intently adv.专注地intention n.意图（intend v.）intentional adj.有意的，有目的的unintentional adj.无意的=indeliberate5.detect vt.发现【翻译过程】he beIieves 达尔文认为that this very difficuIty may have had the compensating advantages正是这个困难具有弥补性的优势of forcing him to think Iong and intentIy about every sentence 迫使他长时间集中思考每个句子and thus enabIing him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observation.因此使他在推理和自己的观察中发现错误参考答案：达尔文认为，正是这个困难能迫使他长时间集中思考每个句子，因此使他在推理和自己的观察中发现错误，结果反而成为他的优势。例句30 p36Darwin was convinced/that the loss of these taste/was not only a loss of happiness,/but might possibly be injurious to the intellect/and more probably to the moral character.(2008.50)视频定位56:271:08:06视频定位1:08:171:28:29视频定位1:28:301:56:21翻译逻辑05课堂笔记 的第 3 页有道考神考研Darwin was convinced/that the loss of these taste/was not only a loss of happiness,/but might possibly be injurious to the intellect/and more probably to the moral character.(2008.50)【知识点】1.be convinced 确信2.taste n.爱好，味道 v.尝起来distasteful adj.厌恶的，憎恨的3.moral character 道德品质【翻译方法】转性译法例：the loss of these taste 失去这些爱好【翻译过程】Darwin was convinced 达尔文确信that the Ioss of these taste was not onIy a Ioss of happiness,失去了这些爱好不仅失去了幸福but might possibIy be injurious to the inteIIect 还可能会伤害智力and more probabIy to the moraI character.更可能会损伤道德品质。参考答案：达尔文确信：失去了这些爱好不仅失去了快乐，还可能会伤害智力，更可能会损伤道德品质。例句31 p36ln short,a leader of the new school contends,the scientific revolution,as we call it,was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.(1994.72)【知识点】1.插入语He thinks she is an idiot.他认为她是一个傻子。He,thinks she,is an idiot.(thinks she=she thinks）她认为他是一个傻子。插入语翻译:方法1：前置翻译(放在小结构前)方法2：顺序法2.school 学校，学派a school of fish 一群鱼3.innumerable adj.数不清的，无数的【翻译过程】In short,(a Ieader of the new schooI contends,)新学派的一位领袖人物认为:简而言之，the scientific revoIution(as we caII it)was IargeIy the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments 我们所称之的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进,发明和使用，that expanded the reach of science in innumerabIe directions.视频定位1:28:301:56:21插入语翻译逻辑05课堂笔记 的第 4 页有道考神考研use of a series of instruments我们所称之的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进,发明和使用，that expanded the reach of science in innumerabIe directions.这些改进、发明和使用使得科学发展的范围无所不及。(使得科学的触角朝着无尽的方向延伸)参考答案：新学派的一位领袖人物认为:简而言之,我们所称之的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进,发明和使用,这些改进、发明和使用使得科学发展的范围无所不及。课后练习1.复习长难句&写作2.阅读课后总结一、真题翻译讲解第一步：拆分第二步：对照翻译第三步：组合起来二、翻译方法1.抽象具象2.转性译法3.插入语的翻译翻译逻辑05课堂笔记 的第 5 页有道考神考研