⑥《数据结构》考研真题1800题集锦.pdf

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B B?C?ABC?ABC?vol?4?vol(4)=vol(3)+514=vol(2)+3+5=vol(1)+4+3+5vol?3?+5=vol(0)+2+4+3+59=0+2+4+3+5=14vol?2?+36vol?1?+42vol?0?+2014?p?p?p?2?15?Hn?n?Hanoi?(?n?Hn=2Hn-1+1/?=2kHn-k+2k-1+2k-2+?+21+20=2n-1H1+2n-2+2n-3+?+21+20?H1=1?Hn=2n-1+2n-2+?+21+20=2n-1?n?Hanoi?2n-1?16?1213121?17?p p?Hn n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n?n?HaHaH HaHaH HaHaH HaHa aHaH HaH HaHaH HaHaH HaH H non n n i?H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Hn n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n=2=2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2=2=2 2=2=2=2 2 2H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Hn n-n-1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1 1+1 1+/?S?-1?C?push?i?x?18?S?k?T?S?k?T?k?k?T?T?S?S?k?S?k?S?T?S?T?S?19?8-(3+5)*(5-6/2?835+562/-*-?22?exp1?exp2?s?#?exp2?w?exp1?1?w?+?-?*?/?w?exp2?w?w?2?w?w?3?w?exp2?exp2?exp2?4?w?#?exp1?exp2?#?2?8 3 5+5 6 2#*#?3?8 3 5+5 6 2/-?4?8 3 5+5 6 2/-*-#*?/?-?1?8 3 5#?+-?p1?k?k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k?T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T?k?S S S S S S S S S S S S?S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S?T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T?S?-(3+5)*(5-6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2 2/2/2 2/2/2 2/2/2 2 2/2 2 2 2/2 2 2 2/2/?83?2222222 22222 2222222222 2222222222222222222222 22 222222 2 2 2 2 2 2?2?8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5+5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2?3?8 3#*?/?-?1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1?8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5#?+-?8-(3+5)*(5-6/2?(8-(3+5)*(5-(6/2)?(8(35)+(5(62)/)-)*)-?8 3 5+5 6 2/-*-?20?19?*?*?*?*?*?*?A*B*C?A?*?*?*?*?*?*?#?#?B?*?*?*?*?*?C?ABC?#?*?#?*?ABC*?#?21?1?sum=21?x?x?4?9?6?2?sum?4?21sum?3?+4?x=4?17sum?2?+9?x=9?8sum?1?+6?x=6?2sum?0?+2?x=2?0(2)sum=8,?x?x?4?(4,9,6,2),?sum:=sum(n-1)+x?x?2?sum=8?22?opnd?optr?A-B*C/D-E?F?*?*?*?B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B?*?*?*?AB BABABABABABABABAB B BAB B B B B B B B BAB B BABAB B B B B BABA C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C?*?#?BC*?#?x?2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2?sum m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m?4 4 4 4 4 4?2121212121212121212 2 212121 1 1sususu u u u u u u u u u u usu u usususu usu usu u u u u u u u u u u u u u um m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m?3 3?+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4+4 4+4+4+4 4?x=x x x 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4?17 7 7 717 7 7 7 71m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m?2?+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9+9?x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x x=x=x x=x=x=x=x=x=x=x 9 98?+6?24?XSXXXSSSXXSXXSXXSSSS25?S1?S2?1?m?S1?S2?1?0?m+1?26?S1?S2?V1.m?S1?top0=0?S2?top1=m+1?top0=0?top1=m+1?top0=0?top1=m+1?top1-top0=1?27?1?2?3?2?)?)?+,.0)%,gcd(0nnmnnm?1?2001?5?2?A?B?C?D?2?S1=?ABCDEFG?,S2=?9898?,S3=?#?,S4=?012345?,?concat(replace(S1,substr(S1,length(S2),length(S3),S3),substr(S4,index(S2,?8?),length(S2)?1999?5?25/7?A?ABC#G0123B?ABCD#2345C?ABC#G2345D?ABC#2345E?ABC#G1234F?ABCD#1234G?ABC#012343?p?q?q?p?q?p?A?B?C?D?2000?4?20/8?1996?1?2?4?S=?aaab?,?Next?1996?7?2?A?0123B?1123C?1231D?12115?ababaaababaa?next?1999?7?A?012345678999B?012121111212C?011234223456D?01230123223456?ababaabab?nextval?A?(0,1,0,1,04,1,0,1)B?(0,1,0,1,0,2,1,0,1)C?(0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,1)D?(0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1)?1999?1?2?7?t=?abcaabbcabcaabdab?next?nextval?A?0 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2B?0 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 2C?0 1 1 1 0 0 1 3 1 0 1 1 0 0 7 0 1D?0 1 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2E?0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 7 0 1F?0 1 1 0 2 1 3 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 7 0 1?1998?3?2?8?S=?software?,?2001?2?2?A?8B?37C?36D?99?S?n?S?S?1997?A?2n-1B?n2C?(n2/2)+(n/2)D?(n2/2)+(n/2)-1E.(n2/2)-(n/2)-1F.?10?2001?6?3?A?B?C?D?1?KMP?2002?4?1?2?m,?n?n?m?1998?1(1?)?3?2001 1?L(1?)?1211?191 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9999 9999999 999 99999999999999999999999999 99999999999 9999 9 9 9 9 9 9 9?7 7 7?223456D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D?01010101010101010101010 010101010101010101 1010101 1 1 101 1010 0 0101 1 1010 0101010 01 10 2 23232 2323 3232 2 2 2 2 232 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 012322,2,1,0,1),1,0,1,0,1,1)?n nenen n n n ne e ene en n n ne enen n n nenen n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n xt?nex7 1 2B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B?0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 2 12 12 12 1 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 2 2 12 2 12 2 1 12 2 1 12 12 2 1 1 1 2 12 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 21 21 1 1 21 1 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 1 21 21 21 1 21 21 2 2 21 2 21 2 21 21 2 21 2 21 1 1 2 3 43 3 3 43 3 3 3 3 4 43 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 35 6 1 1 1 10 0 7 0 1D1D1D1D D1D1D1D1D1D D1D1D1D D1D1D D D1D1D D1D D D1D1D D D D1D1D1D D1D D D D D D D D D D D D1D D D D?0 10 0 10 10 10 10 10 0 10 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 1 10 1 10 10 10 0 1 10 1 1 1 2 2 3 13 3 13 13 1 13 1 13 1 13 13 1 13 3 3 3 3 3 3 31 21 1 1 21 1 1 21 21 1 21 1 1 1 1 21 1 1 1 1 13 4 5 6 6 60 0 1 7 0 1F1F1F1F1 1F F1F1F1F1F F1 1F1F1F1F1F1F1F F1F F1F1F1F1 1F1F F F F F F1F1F F F F1F F1F F F F1F1 1F F?0 10 1 10 10 10 1 1 10 10 10 10 10 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 1 10 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 0 10 0 10 10 10 10 1 1 10 1 1 1 1 01 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 12 12 12 12 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 12 2 2 23 3 3 3 13 3 3 13 13 3 3 3 3 13 3 3 13 3 13 13 3 3 1 13 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 13 3 3 30 1 1 0 0 0998 8?3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3?2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2?oft t t t ft t t t ft twawaw w wawaw wawawawawawawawaw waw w wa awa a a a awa a a awa a a a a a a awaw re re re re re re re re r re re re re re re re re re r re re r re r r re r re re e r r re re r re r r r?,?B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B?373 3 3 3 37373737 737 73737373 37 7373 37 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 737 7C C C?363 3 3 3DS?n n n n n n n n n n n n n n?S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S?B B B B B B B B B B?n2C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C?(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n(n n n n(n(n n n(n n n(n n n n n n n n n(/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2/2 2/2/2/2 2/2/2/2/2/2 2/2/2 2/2 2/2 2 2/2 2)2)2)2)2)2)2 2 2)2)2)2)2)2 2 2)2)2)2)2 2 2 2 2)2)2 2 2)2 2)2)2 2)2)2)2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2)2)2)+(+?1?_(1)_?_(2)_?2001?4?2?2?_?1998?5?1?3?_?2000?3?1?4?INDEX?DATASTRUCTURE?STR?=_?1998?4(2?)?5?n?m?KMP?_?2000?4?6?P=?abaabcac?next?_?2001?6?2?7?ababaaab?nextval?_?2001?4?2?8?T?P?T?P?_(1)_?P?_(2)_?1998?5?16/6?9?_(1)_?_(2)_?_(3)_?_(4)_?2000?3?4?10?_?1999?1?2?11?U=?xyxyxyxxyxy?t=?xxy?ASSIGN?S?U?ASSIGN?V?SUBSTR?S?INDEX?s?t?LEN?t?+1?ASSIGN?m?ww?REPLACE?S?V?m?=_?1997?1(5?)?12?strcpy?void strcpy(char*s,char*t)/*copy t to s*/while(_)?1999?5(3?)?13?s?1?0?f(abba)?1?f(abab)?0?int f(1)_)inti=0,j=0;while(sj)(2)_;for(j-;ij&si=sj;i+,j-);return(3)_)?1999?6(3?)?14?s?t?a?PROCEDUREmaxcomstr(VAR s,t:orderstring;VAR index,length:integer);VAR i,j,k,length1:integer;con:boolean;BEGINindex:=0;length:=0;i:=1;WHILE(i=s.len)DOj:=1;WHILE(jlength)THEN index:=i;length:=length1;(3)_;ELSE(4)_;(5)_;END;?(b)voidmaxcomstr(orderstring*s,*t;int index,length)int i,j,k,length1,con;index=0;length=0;i=1;while(i=s.len)j=1;while(jlength)index=i;length=length1;(3)_;else(4)_;(5)_?2000?2?10?15?KMP?next?PROC get _next(t:string,VAR next:ARRAY1.t.len OF integer);BEGINj:=1;k:=(1)_;next1:=0;WHILE jt.len DOIF k=0 OR t.chj=t.chk THEN BEGIN j:=j+1;k:=k+1;nextj:=k;ENDELSE k:=(2)_;END;?1998?1?4?16?index?t?s?t?s?(?1?)?0?:s=?abcdefcdek?t=?cde?,?indse(s,t)=3,index(s,?aaa?)=0?t?s?mt,msFUNC index(s,t,ms,mt);i:=1;j:=1;?h1=lengt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt t gt gt gt gt t gt t gt t t t gt t t t gt t t gt gt t t t t t g g g g g g h1h1h1h1h h1h1h1h h1h1h1h1h1h1h1h1 1h1h1h1h1h1h1h1h1h1h1 1h1h1h1 1h h1 1h h h1h h h1h h h h h h1+1+;k=k k=k=k=k k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k=k k k=k k k k k k k+1+;else esesesesesese e e e esese esesese e ese ese ese e e e e ese(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2(2 2(2 2(2(2 2()_)_;gth)i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i indndndn n ndn n n n n n n n n n n n n n ndn n n n n exexexexexexexexexexexex xexex x xexexexexex xe exexex xex x x xexexexexex x x xe=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i=i i i i=i=i=i i=i=i i;l;l l;l;l;l;l;l;l l;l;l;l;l;l l;l;l l;l;l l l;l;enene enenene e enenene e enenene enenenenen nen n n n n n n n ngt g g h=lengngng g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g g gth th th th th th th h th th h th th h t t t t th t t t t t t th th1;1;1 1 1;1;1 1 1 1 1;1 1 1;1 1 1 1 1 1 1;1 1 )_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _;)_?2 2020202020 0 0 0 0202020 0 00000000000000000 0 000000 00000 0000 0 0?2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2?10?K KMKMMP P P P P P P?n n n nenen n n n n ne e e e en n n n n ne e ene e e e e ene e e e e en n n ne e en nene ene e e e e e e e ext x xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt x xt xt xt x xt xt xt t xt xt t xt xt xt xt x x xt x?xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt xt t t t t(t(t(t(t(t(t(t(t(t(t:str r r rin in in in in in in in in in in n in in in in n in n ing g,g,g,g,g,g,g,g,g,g,g,g g g,g g g,g,g,g g,g g g VAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAV VAV VAV VAVAR nR nR nR R nR nR nR nR nR nR nR nR n nR nR nR n n n n n n n n n n n nexe e exexexe exexexexexexexe exexe e e ex xex x x x x x x x xex x x x xex x xex x x xt:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t:t t t t t:t t:ARA A ARARARARARA ARAR R R R RA ARARAR R RA A ARARAR RAR RAR R R R RARAR R RAR RA ARA AR RA A ARA A A A A A A AR R RA R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R Rxt1:=0;WHILE(ims)AND(jmt THENreturn(5)_;ELSEreturn(6)_ENDF;?1999?2?6?17?pascal?,?:W&M$?,?M?W?,?W?&?$,?&?W?M?,?$?,?ab&ba$?11&12$?ab&dd$?&$,?Ok.(?),No.(?)?PROGRAMaccept(input,output);CONSTmidch=?&?;endch=?$?;VARan:boolean;ch:char;PROCEDUREmatch(VARanswer:boolean);VARch1,ch2:char;f:boolean;BEGINread(ch1);IFch1endchTHEN IF(1)_THEN BEGIN match(f);IF f THEN BEGIN read(ch2);answer:=(2)_ END ELSE answer:=falseENDELSE(3)_ELSE(4)_END;BEGINwriteln(?EnterString:?);match(an);IFanTHEN BEGIN(5)_ IF(6)_ THENwriteln(?Ok.?)ELSE writeln(?No.?)ENDELSEwriteln(?No.?)END.?1998?15?18?initstack(s)?s?push(s,x)?x?;pop(s)?;gettop(s)?sempty(s)?setnull(st)?st?length(st)?st?f THEN BEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGE EGEGEGEG G G G G G G G G G GEGINININININININININININININI INININININININININ NIN NININ NIN NINININININININININ NINININ NINININININININ NINI I I INI I I I I ININ re re re re re re re re re re re e re re re re e e r re re re e e e re re e re e re e e e e e re e re r re e e re re e e re re eadadadada a a adadadadad dadadadadadada adad dad dadad dadad dadada adad dadad da ada ad d da a a a a(c(c(c(c(c(c(c c c c c(c(c(c(c c(c(c(c(c c c c c(c(c(c(c c c(c c c c(c(c(c c(h2h2h2h2h2h2h h2h2h h2h2h2h2h2h2h2h2h2h h h2h2h2 2h h2 2h2h2h h h2h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h);anana a a a ana a a a a a a a a ana a a a a swswswsws swswswswswswswsw wswswswsw wswswsw w wswswswswswswswswswsw wswsw w w wswer e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e:=(2)_ _ _ E E EENDSE E E E E E E E E E(3(3(3(3(3(3(3(3(3(3(3(3 3(3 3(3(3(3(3(3(3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_)_ _)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(4)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nritel el l l l el el el el el el el el l l l l ln n(n n n n n n n n n n n n n n?E E E E E EnEnE E E E E E E E E E E E E te te t rSrS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Srtr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr t tr tr tr r tr rin in i in in i in i in in in in in in in in in n ng g g g g g:g:g:g g?);););););););););););););););););););););););););););););)h(anananananananananana a a ana an nana a);THTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTHTH H HENE E E E E E E E E E E E E E EBEGIGIGIGIG GIGIGIGIGIGIGIGIGIGIGIG GIGIGI IGIGI IGIGIGIGIGIG G G GI IGIG G G G G N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N(5)_ IENDequal(s1,s2)?s1?s2?concat(s1,s2)?s1?s2?sub(s,i,1)?s?i?empty(st)?FUNCinvert(pre:string;VARexp:string):boolean;?pre?exp?true?exp?false?opset?VARs:stack;i,n:integer;succ:boolean;ch:char;BEGINi:=1;n:=length(pre);succ:=true;(1)_;(2)_;WHILE(in)ANDsuccDOBEGIN ch:=sub?pre,i,l?;IF(3)_ THEN(4)_ELSE IF(5)_THEN(6)_ELSEBEGINexp:=concat(7)_,(8)_);exp:=concat(9)_,(10)_);(11)_;END;i:=i+1END;IF(12)_THENBEGIN exp:=concat(exp,sub(pre,n,1);invert:=true ENDELSEBEGIN setnull(exp);invert:=falseENDEND;?1996?1?1996?10(1?)?1998?5?3?2?1996?2?1?(2?)?3?S1?S2?m?n?T(m,n)?T(m,n)?1996?5(6?)?4?S=?xxyxxxyxxxxyxyx?T=?xxyxy?T?S?2001?(8?)?5?KMP?(?)?Brute(?)?1996?1(2?)?6?t=?abcaabbabcab?KMP?next?nextval?1997?10?7?abacabaaad?KMP?next?nextval?2000?1?5?8?t=?abcabaa?,?next?nextval?1994?6?(exp,sub(pre e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e,n n n n,n n n,n,n,n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,