2021年考研英语（二）试题与答案.pdf

公众号：考研兔（禁止商用，关注公众号获取免费更多考研干货）1.AthereforeBhoweverCagainDmoreover2.AEmphasizeBIdentifyCAssessDExplain3.AnearlyBcuriouslyCeagerlyDquickly4.AclaimBproveCcheckDrecall5.AthreatenedBignoreCmockedDblamed6.ApunctualityBhospitalityCcompetitionDinnovation7.AYesBSoCBesidesDStill8.AhiredBtrainedCrewardedDgrouped9.AonlyBratherConceDalso10.AcomfortBrevenueCefficiencyDsecurity11.AfriendlyBquietCcautiousDdiligent12.ApurposeBproblemCprejudiceDpolicy13.AreportedBrevealedCadmittedDnoticed14.AbreakBtripCdepartureDtransfer15.AmoralBbackgroundCstyleDstorm16.AinterpretBcriticizeCsacrificeDtolerate17.AtaskBsecretCproductDcost18.Aleading toBcallingCrelating toDaccounting for19.AspecifyBpredictCrestoreDcreate20.AmodifyBreviewCpresentDachieve考研兔2公众号：考研兔（禁止商用，关注公众号获取免费更多考研干货）Section II Reading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A.B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Reskillingis something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if weplan to have a future in which a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.We know we aremoving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly,as will the requirements of thejobs that remain.Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 percent of thecore skillswithin job roles will change by 2022.That is a very short timeline.The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.For individual companies,thetemptation is always to let go of workers whose skills are no longer in demand and replace themwith those whose skills are.That does not always happen.AT&T is often given as the goldstandard of a company that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with afire-and-hire strategy.Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans.When the skillsmismatch is in the broader economy.Though,the focus usually turns to government to handle.Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best.And have given us a situationwhere we frequently hear of employers begging for workers.Even at times and in regions whereunemployment is high.With the pandemic,unemployment is very high indeed.In February,at 3.5 percent and 5.5P.C.respectively,unemployment rates in Canada and the U.S.were at generational lows andworker shortages were everywhere.As of May,those rates had spiked up to 13.3 P.C.and 13.7percent,and although may worker shortages,has disappeared,not all had done so.In the medicalfield,to take an obvious example.The pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages,ofdoctors,nurse and other medical personnel.Of course,it is not like you can take an unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in afew weeks.But even if you cannot close the gap,maybe you can close others and doing so wouldbe to the benefit of all concern.That seems to be the case in Sweden:when forced to furlough 90P.C.of their cabin staff.Scandinavian Airline decided to start up a short retaining program thatreskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff.The effort was a collective one andinvolved other companies as well as a Swedish university.公众号：考研兔（禁止商用，关注公众号获取免费更多考研干货）21.Research by the World Economic Forum suggestsAan increase in full-time employmentBan urgent demand for new job skillsCa steady growth of job opportunitiesDa controversy about the“core skills”22.AT&T is cited to showAan alternative to the fire-and-hire strategyBan immediate need for government supportCthe importance of staff appraisal standardsDthe characteristics of reskilling programs23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in CanadaAhave driven up labour costsBhave proved to be inconsistentChave met with fierce oppositionDhave appeared to be insufficient24.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there wasAa call for policy adjustmentBa change in hiring practicesCa lack of medical workersDa sign of economic recovery25.Scandinavian Airlines decided toAcreate job vacancies for the unemployedBprepare their laid-off workers for other jobsCretrain their cabin staff for better servicesDfinance their staffs college educationText2With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050,and forecasts thatagricultural production in some regions will need to nearly double to keep pace,food security isincreasingly making headlines.In the UK,it has become a big talking point recently too,for arather particular reason:Brexit.Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towards the UK importingfood.The country produces only about 60 percent of the food it eats,down from almostthree-quarters in the late 1980s.A move back to self-sufficiency,the argument goes,would boostthe farming industry,political sovereignty and even the nations health.Sounds great-but howfeasible is this vision?公众号：考研兔（禁止商用，关注公众号获取免费更多考研干货）29.It can be learned from the last paragraph that British peopleArely largely on imports for fresh produceBenjoy a steady rise in fruit consumptionCare seeking effective ways to cut calorie intakeDare trying to grow new varieties of grains30.The authors attitude to food self-efficiency in the UK isAdefensiveBdoubtfulCtolerantDoptimisticText 3When Microsoft bought task management app Wunderlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in2015,it picked two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley.Microsofts own Office dominates the market for productivitysoftware,but the start-upsrepresented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smartphone world.Both apps,however,were later scrapped after Microsoft said it had used their best featuresin its own products.Their teams of engineers stayed on,making them two of the manyacqui-hiresthat the biggest companies have used to feed their great hunger for tech talent.To Microsofts critics,the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorselessdrive by Big Tech to chew up any innovative companies that lie in their path.They bought theseedlings and closed them down,complained Paul Amold,a partner at San Francisco-basedSwitch Ventures,putting an end to businesses that might one day turn into competitors.Microsoftdeclined to comment.Like other start-up investors,Mr Amolds own business often depends on selling start-ups tolarger tech companies,though he admits to mixed feelings about the result:I think these thingsare good for me,if I put my selfish hat on.But are they good for the American economy?I dontknow.”The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question.Thisweek,it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information about their many smallacquisitions over the past decade.Although only a research project at this stage,the request hasraised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have beenbeyond their reach.Given their combined market value of more than$5.5 trillion,rifling through such smalldeals-many of them much less prominent than Wundetlist and Sunnise-might seem beside thepoint.Between them,the five biggest tech companies have spent an average of only$3.4 billion ayear on sub-SI billion acquisitions over the past five years-a drop in the ocean compared with6