22考研英语阅读基础精读1-2－宋逸轩(1)英语考研资料免费分享.pdf

22考研英语之阅读基础精读1-2主讲：宋逸轩 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文为什么要精读？读懂文章更重要？还是做对题更重要？微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure?That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?Lots of Americans bought that nonsense,and over three decades,some 10 million smokers went to early graves.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道 There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences,enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earths atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.The president of the National Academy,Bruce Alberts,added this key point in the preface to the panels report:“Science never has all the answers.But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道Just as on smoking,voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete,that its OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.This is a dangerous game:by the time 100 percent of the evidence is in,it may be too late.With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道Fortunately,the White House is starting to pay attention.But its obvious that a majority of the presidents advisers still dont take global warming seriously.Instead of a plan of action,they continue to press for more research-a classic case of“paralysis by analysis.”微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道 To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research.But research alone is inadequate.If the Administration wont take the legislative initiative,Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia,which would offer financial incentives for private industry,is a promising start.Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs.If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere,it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文英语修辞格主要分为四类，即语音修辞格、句法修辞格、语义修辞格，和逻辑修辞格。一、语音修辞格（Phonetic Figures of Speech）Alliteration 押头韵 Assonance 押元音韵 Consonance 押尾韵 Onamatopoeia 拟声 Aposiopesis 话语中断 Apostrophe 呼语 Pun 双关 微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文二、句法修辞格（Synctactic Figures of Speech）Repetition 重复 Immediate repetition 直接重复 Intermittent repetition 间接重复 Anaphora 首语重复 Epiphora 尾语重复 Simploce 首尾语重复 Anadiplosis 顶真/顶针 Parallelism 平行结构（通常为排比）Antithesis 对偶微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文三、语义修辞格（Semantic Figures of Speech）Simile 明喻 Metaphor 隐喻 Metonymy 转喻 Synecdoche 提喻 Antonomasia 换称/换喻 Personification 人格化/拟人 Parody 仿拟/戏仿 Synesthesia 通感/共感 Transferred epithet 转移修饰语微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文四、逻辑修辞格（Logical Figures of Speech）Allegory Allusion Hyperbole Understatement1.Litotes2.Meiosis3.Overtones Irony 1.Verbal irony-1.1Light irony-1.2 Heavy irony（or satire or sarcasm）-2.Situational irony Innuendo Euphemism Oxymoron Analogy Paradox微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道26.An argument made by supporters of smoking was that _.A there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death B the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant C people had the freedom to choose their own way of life D antismoking people were usually talking nonsense微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道27.According to Bruce Alberts,science can serve as _.A a protector B a judge C a critic D a guide微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道28.What does the author mean by“paralysis by analysis”(Last line,Paragraph 4)?A Endless studies kill action.B Careful investigation reveals truth.C Prudent planning hinders progress.D Extensive research helps decision-making.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道29.According to the author,what should the Administration do about global warming?A Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.B Raise public awareness of conservation.C Press for further scientific research.D Take some legislative measures.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道30.The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because _.A they both suffered from the governments negligence B a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former C the outcome of the latter aggravates the former D both of them have turned from bad to worse微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代 In spite of“endless talk of difference,”American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people.This is“the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse,and the casualness and absence of deference”characteristic of popular culture.People are absorbed into“a culture of consumption”launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered“vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.Instead of intimate shops catering to“a knowledgeable elite,”these were stores“anyone could enter,regardless of class or background.”This turned shopping into a public and democratic act.The mass media,advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture,which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous.Writing for the National Immigration Forum,Gregory Rodriguez reports that todays immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population；in 1900,13.6 percent.In the 10 years prior to 1990,3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents；in the 10 years prior to 1890,9.2 for every 1,000.Now,consider three indices of assimilation-language,home ownership and intermarriage.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代The 1990 Census revealed that“a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English well or very well after ten years of residence.”The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English.“By the third generation,the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.”Hence the description of America as a“graveyard”for language.By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent,higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代 Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics“have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S.-born whites and blacks.”By the third generation,one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics,and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代 Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet“some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nations assimilative power.”微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代 Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America?Indeed.It is big enough to have a bit of everything.But particularly when viewed against Americas turbulent past,todays social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2006年 Text 1文章选自1999年一篇文章It is a bad time for Jeremiahs这是预言家们的坏时代考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道21.The word“homogenizing”(Line 2,Paragraph 1)most probably means _.A identifying B associating C assimilating D monopolizing微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道22.According to the author,the department stores of the 19th century _.A played a role in the spread of popular culture B became intimate shops for common consumers C satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite D owed its emergence to the culture of consumption微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道23.The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S._.A are resistant to homogenization B exert a great influence on American culture C are hardly a threat to the common culture D constitute the majority of the population微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道24.Why are Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A To prove their popularity around the world.B To reveal the publics fear of immigrants.C To give examples of successful immigrants.D To show the powerful influence of American culture.微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文考研英语一真题之阅读 2005年 Text 2文章选自2001年6月17日US News&World Report美国世界及新闻报道25.In the authors opinion,the absorption of immigrants into American society is _.A rewarding B successful C fruitless D harmful微博：宋逸轩 公号：逸轩英文好结果，来自于不弄虚作假的日积月累。微博：宋逸轩公号：逸轩英文