2024考研真相历年真题解析2019-2023 英语一.pdf

三微直题专注基础薄弱考生2024國考研英唐)真提题翻真题解析篇（四）2019一2023考研英语研究组编专注基础薄弱考生18年逐词逐句讲透真题的图必果用尘女反公司绝密启用前2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一)(科目代码：201)微信公众号：djky66微信考生注意事项(顶尖考研祝您上岸)1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生编号考生姓名Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank andmark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Today,we live in a world where GPS systems,digital maps,and othernavigation apps are all available on our smartphones.1 of us just walkstraight into.the woods.without a phone.But phones 2 on batteries,andbatteries can die faster.than we realize.3 you get lost without a phone or acompass,and you 4 cant find north,a few tricks may help you navigate5 to civilization,one of which is to follow the land.When you find yourself 6 a trail,but not in a completely 7 area ofland,you have to answer two questions:Which 8 is downhill,in thisparticular area?And where is the nearest water source?Humans overwhelminglylive in valleys,and on supplies of fresh water.9,if you head downhill,andfollow any H2O you find,you should 10 see signs of people.If youve explored the area before,keep an eye out for familiar sights-youmay be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore yourbearings.Another 12 Climb high and look for signs of human habitation.13,even in dense forest,you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due toroads,train tracks,and other paths people carve 15 the woods.Head towardthese 16 to find a way out.At night,scan the horizon for 17 lightsources,such as fires and streetlights,then walk toward the glow of lightpollution.18,assuming youre lost in an area humans tend to frequent,look forthe 19 we leave on the landscape.Trail blazes,tire tracks,and other featurescan 20 you to civilization.英语（一）试题.1.（共14页）Text 1Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bossesof big banks.Starting next year,any guaranteed bonus of top executives could bedelayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing.The mainpurpose of this clawbackrule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions.Yet officials also hopefor a much larger benefit:more long-term decision-making,not only by banksbut by all corporations,to build a stronger economy for future generations.Short-termism,or the desire for quick profits,has worsened in publiclytraded companies,says the Bank of Englands top economist,Andrew Haldane.He quotes a giant of classical economics,Alfred Marshall,in describing thisfinancial impatience as acting like children who pick the plums out of theirpudding to eat them at oncerather than putting them aside to be eaten last.The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain,he notes,has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades.Transient investors,who demand high quarterly profits from companies,canhinder a firms efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customerloyalty.This has been dubbed quarterly capitalism.In addition,new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading ofequities,quicker use of information,and thus shorter attention spans in financialmarkets.There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at theexpense of long-term investing,said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the USSecurities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week.In the US,the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most publiccompanies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year,slightly.helping reduce short-termism.In its latest survey of CEO pay,TheWall,Street Journal finds that a substantial partof executive pay is now tied toperformance.Much more could be done to encourage long-termism,such as changes inthe tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions.In France,shareholderswho hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earnmore voting rights in a company.Within companies,the right compensation design can provide incentives forexecutives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of allstakeholders.Britains new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has aninterest in their performance,not just for the short term but for the long term.英语（一)试题.3.（共14页)21.According to Paragraph 1,one motive in imposing the new rule is toA.enhance bankerssense of responsibilityB.help corporations achieve larger profitsC.build a new system of financial regulationD.guarantee the bonuses of top executives22.Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicateA.the conditions for generating quick profitsB.governmentsimpatience in decision-makingC.the solid structure of publicly traded companiesD.“short-termism”in economic activities咸日A从6ky6623.It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies canbeA.indirect微信公众号：djky66B.adverse(顶尖考研祝您上岸)C.minimalD.temporary24.The US and France examples are used to illustrateA.the obstacles to preventing short-termismB.the significance of long-term thinkingC.the approaches to promoting long-termismD.the prevalence of short-term thinking25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.Failure of Quarterly CapitalismB.Patience as a Corporate VirtueC.Decisiveness Required of Top ExecutivesD.Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers英语（一)试题.4.（共14页)