1.写作主题词库（熟知即可不需背诵）(1).pdf

原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）考研写作考研写作主题词库主题词库1.人生哲理类2.社会热点类3.文化教育类4.人与自然5.学长补充更新热点主题词注意注意：英语一英语一：注重人生哲理、文化品质等抽象类抽象类主题词，比如合作、积极、尊老爱幼等英语二英语二：注重经济或商业现象等具体类具体类主题词，比如汽车尾气、网购、毕业薪酬等一、人生哲理一、人生哲理1、合作、合作cooperation/collaboration/teamwork 团队协作cooperate with others/be in cooperation with others/be in collaboration with others/work together与他人合作team spirit/group spirit/community spirit 团队精神active/effective/mutual/close cooperation 有效合作sense of teamwork 团队意识ask for/call for/demand/seek cooperation 寻求合作take an active part in cooperation/cooperate actively 积极合作end cooperation 中止合作make concerted/joint efforts/pool ones efforts together 齐心协力solidarity and friendship 团结友爱essentially/mutually complementary 互补win-win/all win/win for all 共赢2、乐观、悲观、乐观、悲观optimism/optimistic/optimist/optimistic mind/optimistic attitude 乐观原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）pessimism/pessimistic/pessimist 悲观show/display/demonstrate optimism 展现乐观adopt/possess a(n)optimistic(positive)attitude(view,outlook)towards life(the problemsconfronting us)对生活采取积极态度blind optimism 盲目乐观excessively/overly/wildly optimistic 过于乐观3、信心、信心boost/enhance/improve/increase/lift/raise confidence 增加信心gain/acquire confidence 获得自信rebuild/restore/regain/revive confidence 重获信心damage/weaken/undermine confidence 减少信心the lack of confidence/lack confidence 缺乏自信exaggerate/overestimate/overrate difficulties 夸大困难underestimate ones abilities 低估某人的能力4、进取精神、进取精神/坚持：坚持：an enterprising spirit 进取精神non-stop efforts 不停的努力open up new ways forward 开拓前进make progress constantly 不断进步move forward constantly 不断前进make constant efforts 持续努力never stop making progress 不停进步never give up 永不言弃keep making progress 保持进步keep on striving 保持奋斗5、尚未考到的：、尚未考到的：diligence/hard work 勤奋工作 Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance.原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）the spirit of self-improvement 自强不息pursuit of ones dream/ambition/aspiration/a great aim(goal)追寻梦想innovation/creative thinking/the spirit of exploration 创新思维a down-to-earth working style 踏实、实干friendship/love/mutual affection among different people/individuals 人们的友谊showing consideration for people around 善待身边的人indifference to other people 对别人漠不关心self-depreciation 自卑modesty 谦虚/avoid conceit and impetuosity 戒骄戒躁the mutual understanding between people(parents and their children)人们之间相互理解keep pace with the times/advance with times 与时俱进rise to the occasion 迎难而上二、社会热点二、社会热点1、社会公德、社会公德public morality 社会公德awaken/wake up moral consciousness 道德意识advocate traditional virtue/traditional moral values 弘扬传统美德(distinguished/fine traditions)duty/responsibility/obligation 责任sense of responsibility 责任感shoulder/assume/undertake ones duty/responsibility 承担责任fulfill/discharge/perform ones duty/responsibility 履行责任avoid/evade/shirk/shun ones duty/responsibility 逃避责任devote/dedicate,devotion/dedication 奉献selfish devotion 无私奉献the crisis of trust 信任危机decline in moral standards 道德标准下降the corruption of public morality 公德堕落原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）the lack of moral sense 道德缺失put more attention on self-interest 更多关注个人利益talk less about the spirit of sacrifice,contribution,mutual aid 对互助奉献精神谈论过少selfish soul 自私的灵魂immoral behaviors/conduct 不道德的行为spit everywhere 随地吐痰make noise,talk loudly 大声喧哗to respect the old and care for the young 尊老爱幼Project Hope 希望工程China Red Cross Foundation 中国红十字会charities 慈善机构donate/donation 捐赠poor rural areas/poverty-stricken areas/impoverished areas 贫穷地区start schooling 入学drop out of school 辍学attend schoolgo to school 上学finish school/finish ones studies 完成学业2、职业道德、职业道德lack of occupational self-discipline 缺少职业自律empty promise in the market promotion 空洞的承诺false promise in the market promotion 虚假承诺honesty 诚信sales of counterfeit/fake goods/commodities to consumers 造假售假(反义 genuine commodity保真商品)dishonest/fraudulent behaviors 欺诈行为(put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive thepublic.披上文明的外衣欺骗公众)原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）misleading/distorted information 误导性信息reliable/dependable/trustworthy information 可靠信息academic corruption 学术腐败plagiarism 剽窃food safety 食品安全construction quality 工程质量drainage oil 地沟油poisonous milk powder 毒奶粉unaffordable prices of medicines 药价虚高illegal adds 非法广告unfair competitions 不公平竞争administration departments 管理部门supervision departments 监管部门authorities/departments concerned 有关当局、部门merchant 商人、商家manufacturer 厂家enterprise operator 企业经营者disregard laws 漠视法律shift the blame onto sb 推卸责任disregard of laws and lack of any sense of social responsibility 忽视法律，缺乏社会责任感infringement on consumersrights and interests 侵犯消费者权力和利益overwhelming desire for profits 强烈的对利益的渴望profits weigh much more than public benefits/public good 利润高于公众利益be in the vulnerable position（一般指消费者处于弱势的地位）perform/fulfill ones duty fairly and effectively 公正有效地履行职责3、两代关系、两代关系原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）1)赡养父母the old/the elderly/elderly people/the senior/senior citizens/the aged/aged people 长辈aging society 老龄化社会aging of population 人口老龄化filial piety 孝道fulfill filial duty/show filial piety to parents/practice filial piety 尽孝support(take care of,sustain)aged parents(the old and infirm parents/the old/the aged/theelderly/the senior/senior citizens)赡养老年人show solicitude for parents 关心父母mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents 虐待父母neglect sb/show no care(concern)for sb/lack concern for sb/treat sb thoughtlessly 不关心某人take(shoulder,assume)the responsibility for sth 对承担责任shirk(avoid,shift,abdicate)the responsibility for sth 对逃避责任duty/obligation of the young 年轻人的义务traditional virtue of our nation 我们国家的传统美德the wellbeing of the seniors/the heath and happiness of seniors长辈的幸福安乐make painstaking efforts/expend all ones energies 费劲心血ones later years/ones remaining years 晚年Charity begins at home.百善孝为先2)溺爱孩子raise/breed/foster/nurture/bring up 抚养spoil children/dote on children 溺爱孩子doting care/parental overprotection 溺爱A child under the complete protection of parents/parental overprotection/be over loved(overprotected)by parents/excessive love from their parents/over-dependence on parents/be carefullyprotected from hardship 父母的过度保护fragile young people 脆弱的年轻人children born in the 1980s,majority of them being the only child in their family(family-planning原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）policy)80 年代出生的孩子，绝大多数都是独生子女（计划生育）encourage him or her to think and act independently 鼓励某人独立思考help children towards independence/self-reliance 帮助孩子独立suffer hardships/stand sufferings/bear tribulation 经历困难create optimum conditions for childrens growth 为孩子成长创造最佳条件the pillar of the state 国之栋梁3)代沟：generation gap 代沟widen/expand generation gap(widen/expand the gap between the child and parents)扩大代沟narrow/bridge generation gap(narrow/bridge the gap between the child and parents)缩小代沟exchange ideas 交流看法mutual understating/make allowance for each other 相互理解、相互体谅misunderstanding 误解reinforce family bonds/ties 增强家庭纽带get estranged from ones family members 和家庭成员疏远4)啃老族boomerang kids/children(the NEET group)啃老族 NEET 的全称是（Not currently engaged inEmployment,Education or Training）reap without sowing 不劳而获4、诚信危机the crisis of trust 诚信危机Ahost of dishonest behaviors 许多不诚信的行为manufacture or sell fake and inferior goods at the cost of consumers interest 以消费者利益为代价造假bogus/fake/pirate products 假货bogus/fake certificates 假证peddle the sensational stories 散播耸人听闻的故事原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）twist/distort the news 扭曲新闻return to sincerity and faith 返璞归真keep promise 信守承诺tell right from wrong 辨别是非5、爱心warm-hearted people 热心人offer assistance/provide help 提供帮助stretch out a helping hand to people in need 为需要帮助的人伸出援助之手help-givers 提供帮助的人receive aid 接受帮助assistance recipients 受助者6、健康physical health(fitness,well-being)身体健康mental/psychological health(fitness,well-being)心理健康improve/enhance physical/psychological health 提高身体健康状况hurt/damage physical/psychological health 损害身体/心理健康be in good/poor health 身体健康/不健康state of health 健康状况fitness levels 健康水平a health problem 健康问题sub-health 亚健康state of mind 心态physical exercise 体育锻炼well-balanced diet 均衡饮食junk food 垃圾食品go on a diet 节食、减肥sacrifice health 牺牲健康原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）damage/endanger ones health 损害健康improve ones health 改善健康infectious disease/illness 传染病chronic disease/illness 慢性病provide medical services 提供医疗服务public health 公共卫生7、交通traffic jam/congestion,heavy traffic 交通堵塞morning and evening peak 早晚高峰rush hour 交通高峰期bus lane 公交专用车道odd-and-even license plate rule 单双号限行traffic restrictions based on the last digit of license plate numbers 尾号限行traffic control 交通管制car-free day 无车日private cars 私家车develop public transport 发展公共交通green commuting 绿色出行green commuter 绿色通勤Lets green our commute 让我们绿色出行drunk driving 醉驾drive after drinking/drive under the influence of alcohol 酒驾drive when tired 疲劳驾驶traffic accidents 交通事故8、经济economic crisis/financial crisis 经济、金融危机the fallout of economic crisis/financial crisis 经济、金融危机的影响原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition 激烈竞争spur/stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展hinder/impede economic development 阻碍经济发展job market 就业市场look for/hunt for/seek a job 找工作job seeker 找工作的人a tough job market 严峻的就业形势unrealistic salary expectations/pursue a high-paid job 不切实际的工资预期/追求高薪职业in the pursuit of short-term returns 追求短期回报lack the qualities and skills required for the jobs they seek 缺乏他们想找的工作要求的资质without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/vocational skills/careerskills 缺乏实际工作经验generate/create/afford job opportunities/employment opportunities 创造就业机会career guidance 就业指导start ones own business 创业allocate money to 分配钱给reduce the funding for减少对的投资lift/elevate peoples standard of living 提升生活标准lower citizensstandard of living 降低市民生活标准eliminate poverty 消除贫困expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy 扩大贫富差距slow down the pace of life 放慢生活节奏speed up/accelerate/quicken the pace of life 加快生活节奏increase/expand domestic demand 增加国内需求stimulate/spur/reduce consumption 刺激消费practice economy 实行节约原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）三、文化和教育类三、文化和教育类1、文化交流、融合Culturalexchanges/interaction/interchange文 化 交 流(frequent/constant/commonculturalexchanges between different countries)不同国家间的持续文化交流The cultural blending/the cultural integration/the cultural fusion 文化融合The integration/blending/combination/fusion/collision of worldwide(global)cultures 全球文化融合fusion of East and West/integration of Chinese and Western cultures 东西方文化融合traditional Chinese culture/national culture 中国传统文化(Each national culture is a componentof international culture)每个国家的文化都是国际文化的组成部分alien/foreign culture 外国文化cultural identity 文化特性cultural diversity 文化多样性multiculturalism 多元文化the co-existence of multi-cultures 多元文化共存2、中国传统文化traditional Chinese culture as priceless spiritual treasure 中国传统文化是无价的精神财富a long and colorful/splendid Chinese culture 绚烂的中国文化splendid and glorious cultural heritage/legacy/relics 辉煌灿烂的文化遗产oriental glamour(charm)/the glamour(charm)of our culture 东方文化的魅力invaluable/priceless spiritual treasure/wealth of all human beings 无价的精神财富Chinese cultural symbols 中国文化的符号the unique characteristics/feature of each culture每 种 文 化 的 独 特 性(possess uniquecharacteristics/feature)the inheritance and development of culture from one generation to another 一代又一代人对文化的传承和发展show respect for/show honor to our own culture 对我们自身文化表示尊重原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）advocate/carry forward traditional culture 提倡传统文化gain deeper insight into/have a deeper understanding of/get a clear perspective of our own culture对自身文化有更深的理解preserve and cherish traditions 保护并珍惜传统ignore/disregard traditions 忽视传统undermine traditions 破坏传统strengthen the cultural identity of a nation rather than erode the cultural identity of a nation增强而不是腐蚀一个国家的文化同一性Interpretation of classics can promote cultural development positively.解读经典可以积极促进文化发展Soft power 软实力Kung Fu 功夫Peking/Beijing opera 京剧(outdated)Tang Suit 唐装traditional Chinese medicine(not scientific)中药folk art 民间艺术paper-cut 剪纸traditional Chinese philosophy 中国传统哲学Buddhism 佛Confucianism 儒/Confucius 孔子/Confucius Institute 孔子学院Humanity/Benevolence 仁Taoism 道Rite 礼Butterfly Lovers 梁祝classical balletthe Swan Lake 天鹅湖Enlightenment from the west 启蒙Chinese craze 中国热upsurge of Chinese craze 中国文化热潮原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）3、流行文化网络The Internet/the virtual net/the virtual world/the virtual net world/the cyber space 网络世界Information superhighway 信息高速路With the advent/dawn of the Internet(era/age)互联网时代的到来the widespread/extensive use of the Internet 互联网的广泛应用a global village 地球村loyal/hardcore/frequent Internet users(netizens)忠实的网络用户web/net/online addiction(net indulgence)沉迷网络click the mouse 点击鼠标press keys on the keyboard 按键盘Internet caf网吧use the Internet/go on the Internet/surf the Internet(online)/have access to the Internet/lingeronline 上网visit/log in a website 浏览/登录网站download something from the Internet 从网上下载buy something on the Internet 在网上购物online shopping/banking 网上购物/银行chat/shop/book online 线上聊天/购物/阅读make friends online 网上交友chat online 网上聊天online gossip 网络的流言蜚语online games 线上游戏online job application 线上工作申请group/integrate buying/purchase 团购广告原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）the pervasive advertisements/advertising/commercials on TV 电视上无处不在的广告advertiser/advertise 做广告a newspaper/magazine/TV/Internet/full-page advertisements 报纸/杂志/电视/网络/整版广告Poster/Billboard/Flyer 海报/广告牌/传单put/place an advertisement in newspaper/website 在报纸/网站投放广告display advertisements 播放广告implant/insert ads 植入广告be overwhelmed with advertisements 被广告淹没emerge at the intervals between programs 在节目之间的间隔处出现be inserted in programs,separating the whole into short pieces 植入到节目中，把整个节目分成了短片段be implanted as a segment of programs 植入到节目中成为其一部分the main channel/source of revenue for TV stations 电视台的主要收入来源misleading/distorted/fraudulent information in TV commercials电视广告中的欺骗性信息the State Administration of Radio,Film and Television 广电总局introduce/impose restrictions on advertisements 引入对广告的限制偶像idol worship/star worship/star chasing/idolatry 偶像崇拜superstar followers/crazy fans of the stars 追星族affect ones studies/schoolwork 影响某人的学业run wild/become so hard to control 变得不听管教drop out/leave off ones studies 辍学grow up in good health 健康成长4、教育schooling 学校教育原创作文模板、考研英语阅读翻译本、考研复试自我介绍模板、雅思口语素材请 TB 搜索店铺名“北大学长考研加油站”，或微信搜索公众号“见山考研”（pkujianshan）life-long education 终身教育compulsory education 义务教育exam/test-oriented(driven)education 应试教育education for all-round development 素质教育well-rounded development of a child 全面发展balanced development of a child 均衡发展promote the students physical,mental(intellectual)and emotional development促进学生的身体，脑力（智力）和情感发展force-feeding method of teaching 填鸭