2015考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案：管理学类(7套).pdf

20152015 考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案：管理学类管理学类(7(7 套套)The purpose of an interview is to find out if your goals and the goals of an organization are compatible.Other goals of the interview are：to answer questions successfully，obtain any additional information needed to make a decision，accent your special strengths，establish a positive relationship，show confidence，and to sell yourself.Based on these goals，place yourself in the role of the interviewer and develop anticipated questions and answers to three categories：company data，personal data，and specific job data.You also develop questions which you will ask to determine how well your career goals match the needs of the organization.These questions include both those you would ask before a job offer and those you would ask after a job offer.Prior to the interview，acquaint yourself with the laws pertaining to job discrimination.This knowledge will enhance your chances of being considered on an equal standing with other applicants.To develop confidence，adequately prepare for the interview.Focus on how you can best serve the organization to which you are applying.Then rehearse until the rough edges are smoothed and you sound convincing to those with whom you have practiced.Since the interview will center on you，proper self-management process is divided into four stages：the before stage，the greeting stage，the consultation stage，and the departure stage.The before stage includes writing a confirmation letter，concentrating on appearance and nonverbal communication，developing your portfolio，anticipating questions with positive responses，and arriving early.The greeting stage includes greeting everyone courteously，using waiting-room smarts，using your time wisely，and applying proper protocol when meeting the interviewer.The consultation stage includes responsiveness and enthusiasm，knowing when to interject key points，showing sincerity，highlighting your strengths，and listening intently.The departure stage includes leaving on a positive note，expressing appreciation，expressing interest，leaving promptly，and making notes immediately after departure.To save time and money and offer convenience to prospective employees and employers，video taping and satellite videophones may become a common method of interviewing.Being at ease in front of a camera would be important for these types of interviews.Following the interview，write thank-you letters to each person who interviewed you and to those who helped you get the interview.When invited for a second interview，go prepared by using your notes and feedback from the interview to zero in on what the company wants.If the company doesnt respond in two weeks，call back or write a follow-up letter.You may get turned down.If so，try to find out why as a means of self-improvement.Following a job offer，take a few days to consider all elements and then call or write a letter either accepting or declining the offer-whichever is appropriate.If you accept and you are presently employed，write an effective letter of resignation，departing on a positive note.1.The word“compatible”in the first sentence probably means_.A in agreement B in conflict C complementary D practicable 2.The writer advises you to familiarize yourself with the laws concerning job discrimination so that _.A you can show your prospective employer you have a wide range of knowledge B you stand on equal chance of being hired with other applicants to the job C you will refuse to give answers to any questions against the current laws D you know how to behave within the limit of laws at the interview 3.At which stage should you emphasize your qualifications for the job?A The before stage.B The greeting stage.C The consultation stage.D The departure stage.4.If you are given a second interview，it is most important for you to_.A write a thank-you letter to each person who interviewed you last time B find out exactly what the company wants of you C learn from the last interview and improve yourself D consider all the elements that are important for the job 5.The passage is mainly concerned with_.A how to manage an interview B how to apply for a job vacancy C how an applicant should behave during an interview D how to make your private goal compatible with those of an organization 参考答案：1.A 该词意为：相容的，相一致的。2.B 意为：你与其他申请者具有同等被雇佣的机会。参阅第二段。3.C 根据第四段第四句，商洽阶段包括反应能力、热情，知道什么时候陈述关键信息，要表现得诚恳，强调自己的优点，注意倾听。4.B 根据第六段，如果获得第二次面试的机会，你应该利用第一次面试时的笔记和反馈信息，集中找出公司需要什么(即：需要什么样的人)。5.A 意为：如何安排好一次面试。文章的前三段提到了如何准备面试，第四、五段提到了面试期间应该如何做，最后几段提到了面试后(以及被录用后)应该怎么办。全文主要是对参加面试的人提出建议。At the end of last week，Bodega Aurrer，a Mexican subsidiary of the worlds biggest retailer，Wal-Mart，opened a new store in the village of San Juan Teotihuacn，just north of Mexico City.Normally，such an event would cause little stir.Wal-Mart is already Mexicos biggest retailer too.And its shops seem to go down very well with its millions of bargain-hungry customers.But this particular opening was，in fact，the culmination of months of protests，legal actions，hunger strikes and hyperbole by those determined to stop it.The reason is the location.Just 2.5km(1.6 miles)away is the ancient city of Teotihuacn，probably Mexicos most famous archaeological site.Amongst other attractions，it boasts the third-largest(by volume)pyramid in the world.For many Mexicans，the ancient site，abandoned by its mysterious inhabitants centuries before the Spanish conquerors arrived，remains the ultimate symbol of Mexican identity and nationhood.Thousands troop up to the top of the Pyramid of the Sun to celebrate the summer solstice.To them，the idea of having a Wal-Mart next door is abhorrent.In the words of Homero Aridjis，a writer and one of the leading opponents，“it is like driving the stake of globalisation into the heart of old Mexico.”The controversy is only the latest in a string of protesters attempts to save Mexican culture from what they see as a creeping menace.They won a famous victory by blocking a McDonalds restaurant from opening in the main square of the pretty southern colonial town of Oaxaca.But this time they were on much thinner ground.For a start，Wal-Mart went through all the appropriate regulatory hoops，even getting permission from the Paris-based International Council on Monuments and Sites，which judged that the store would cause no harm to the nearby ruins.A small stone platform was indeed found during construction of the new car park，but was preserved.Just as importantly，the claim that the new store spoils the famous view from the top of the Pyramid of the Sun is clearly bogus，as anyone who cares to get to the top can testify.The problem is not so much that you can see the Wal-Mart，but one of trying to distinguish it from the 30-odd other ugly，squat buildings that litter the surrounding countrysideto say nothing of the car parks，the electricity pylons and the large power station.Sadly，unrestricted building long ago ruined this particular view，as well as many others in Mexico.To the diehards，the issue counts more than the view.But neither mattered much to the hundreds of locals who queued up for the opening，delighted to be freed of the small and expensive local shops.Despite a legal case pending against Wal-Mart and local officials，brought by an irate local left-wing politician，this is one battle that the American retailer has probably won.注(1)：本文选自 Economist;11/13/2004，p42;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象 2001 年真题 Text 4(其中因 2001 年真题 Text 4 只有四个题目，所以本文第 4 题模仿参照对象为 2003 年 Text 1 的第四题);1.Why the opening of Wal-Mart caused stir?AWal-Mart would have severe competition with the local stores.BWar-Mart would provide them with a larger choice and more benefits.CIt was said to have ruined the scene of the ancient site.DThere shouldnt be a store near the ancient site.2.From Paragraph 2 we can infer that _.Athe ancient city means a lot to the Mexicans Ba store will be too noisy for the ancient city Cthe ancient city is very mysterious Dthe pyramid is a good place for holding big ceremony 3.According to Wal-Mart，it has a good reason to build store there because _.Ait proves no harm to the nearby ruins Bthe scene of the ancient sites has been damaged Ccustomers want to buy some cheap products Dit has been widely accepted by the customers there.4.It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that _.Athe famous view is not as good as it used to be Bthe city lacks planning in building Cthe ancient site is littered with ugly buildings DWal-Mart shouldnt be fully responsible for the ruined view.5.Toward the fate of Wal-Mart，the writers attitude can be said to be _.Aobjective Boptimistic Cpessimistic Dbiased 答案：CADDB There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among“situations vacant”，although it does not offer anyone a job，and sometimes it appears among“situation wanted”，although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”or“Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”is how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is，of course，a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history)，with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name，address，age and whether you have passed any exams”was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school.The letter was really just for openers，it was explained，everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in those days of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work.Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later，as you moved up the ladder，something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach.“Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job in view.There is no doubt，however，that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns_.A informs job hunters of the opportunities available B promises useful advice to those looking for employment C divides available jobs into various types D informs employers of people available for work 2.Nowadays a demand for this specialised type of service has been created because_.A there is a lack of jobs available for university graduates B there are so many top-level jobs available C great importance is attached to written application D jobs are becoming so varied that one needs advice to choose the right one 3.In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would_.A write an initial letter giving their life history B pass some exams before applying for a job C have no qualifications other than being able to read and write D keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview 4.The job history has become such an important document because_.A there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised B there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees C jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays D other supporting experiences for jobs are no longer required 5.What does the author think of the new advertisement?A Necessary.B Fashionable.C Superficial.D Aggressive.参考答案：1.B 文中所提到的新型广告不是招聘广告(it does not offer anyone a job)，也不是求职广告(it is not placed by someone looking for a job either)。它旨在帮助申请工作的人写好履历(curriculum vitae)，为获得工作做好充分准备。参阅第一段和第二段第二句。.2.C 第二段第二、三句谈到了新型广告兴起的两个原因：1)它反映了目前的高失业率状况;2)它表明写好履历越来越重要。第三段第三、四句又指出，过去，申请信只不过是个开端，重要的是面试。在充分就业的那些日子，这种技巧是奏效的，这封信证明你有写作能力，且你已经为接受这份工作做好了准备，而你渴望的表情和机智的应答为你做了其余的事。3.D 参阅第 2 题题解，另请参阅第三段。4.B 文章最后一段指出，目前，工作申请者大都是受过各种各样的大学教育的人，显然，这解释了为什么写好履历尤其重要。由于多数人都受过大学教育，大家旗鼓相当，这时，写好履历，突出自己的独特之处，以达到鹤立鸡群之效果尤其重要。5.A 参阅其他题题解。重点参阅文章最后一段。Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why theyre always coming in for criticism.Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around.Its iniquitous，they say，that this entirely unproductive industry(if we can call it that)should absorb millions of pounds each year.It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making.Why dont they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods?After all，its the consumer who pays The poor old consumer!Hed have to pay a great deal more if advertising didnt create mass markets for products.It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap.But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods.Another equally important function is to inform.A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read.Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about.Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine，it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance，price，etc.，from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements，but this claim may be seriously doubted.It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days.And what fun they often are，too!Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements.Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train?Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper?A cheerful，witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.We must not forget，either，that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets.Newspapers，commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue.The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper，or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers.Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn t forget is the small ads.which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine.What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community!Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns.For instance，you can find a job，buy or sell a house，announce a birth，marriage or death in what used to be called the hatch，match and dispatch column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or agony column.No other item