养殖与饲料2024年第1期规模化奶牛场污水盐分特征分析李月英1,李同21.成都农业科学职业学院,成都611130;2.中国农业科学院都市农业研究所,成都610200摘要[目的]探讨规模化奶牛场不同处理工艺下污水的盐分特征规律,以期为粪污资源化利用提供理论依据。[方法]分别采集河北省17家奶牛场挤奶厅、尿液和固液分离后等经典型工艺处理的污水,测定Cl-、SO42-、Na+、K+、Ca2+含量及全盐量和电导率,分析电导率与盐分离子间的相关性。[结果]奶牛场尿液中无机盐组分以Cl-、SO42-、Na+、K+为主,且随着处理工艺的推进,固液分离后无机盐含量逐渐降低,而挤奶厅污水中盐分含量总体上较低,仅Cl-含量略高(436mg/L);污水中各阶段的全盐量和电导率存在显著差异,且尿液的全盐量和电导率均显著高于挤奶厅和固液分离后的全盐量和电导率,分别为52.2g/L、23.3mS/cm;相关性分析表明,全盐量与电导率、Cl-、SO42-、Na+、K+均呈极显著正相关,相关性最弱的离子是Ca2+。[结论]规模化奶牛场污水中尿液无机盐离子和全盐量最高,固液分离后的次之,挤奶厅的最低,且电导率、Cl-、SO42-、Na+、K+可表征研究污水盐度的特征因子。关键词规模化奶牛场;污水;全盐量;电导率;无机盐组分;固液分离SalinitycharacteristicsofsewagefromlargescaledairyfarmsSalinitycharacteristicsofsewagefromlargescaledairyfarmsLIYueying1,LITong21.ChengduVocationalCollegeofAgriculturalScience,Chengdu611130,China;2.InstituteofUrbanAgriculture,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Chengdu610200,ChinaAbstractAbstract[Objectives]Thesalinitycharacteristicsofsewageunderdifferenttreatmentprocessesinlarge-scaledairyfarmswerestudiedtoprovidetheoreticalbasisfortheutilizationofmanureresources.[Methods]Thesewagetreatedbytypicalprocessesincludingmilkingparlors,urineandsolid-liquidseparationfrom17dairyfarmsinHebeiProvincewerecollected.ThecontentofCl-,SO42-,Na+,K+,Ca2+,totalsalinityandelectricalconductivityweredetermined.Thecorrelationbetweenelectricalcon‐ductivityandsaltionswasanalyzed.[Results]ThecomponentsofinorganicsaltintheurineofdairyfarmsweremainlyCl-,SO42-,Na+andK+.Withtheadvancementoftreatmenttechnology,thecontentofinorganicsaltgraduallydecreasedaftersolid-liquidseparation.Thecontentofsaltinthesewag...