词汇-西语词汇使用手册.pdf

Using SpanishVocabularyR.E.BATCHELORMIG UELANG EL SAN JOSE The Pitt Building,Trumpington Street,Cambridge CB2 1RP,United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building,Cambridge,CB2 2RU,UK40 West 20th Street,New York,NY 100114211,USA477 Williamstown Road,Port Melbourne,VIC 3207,AustraliaRuiz de Alarc on 13,28014 Madrid,SpainDock House,The Waterfront,Cape Town 8001,South Africahttp:/www.cambridge.orgC?R.E.Batchelor and MiguelAngel San Jos e 2003This book is in copyright.Subject to statutory exceptionand to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,no reproduction of any part may take place withoutthe written permission of Cambridge University Press.First published 2003Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press,CambridgeTypeface Ehrhardt 10.5/12 pt.System LATEX2A catalogue record for this b ook is availab le from the British Lib raryISBN 0 521 00862 X paperbackContentsIntroductionAcknowledgments;Abbreviations;Bibliographypage 1Unidad 1/Unit 1El Ser humano/The Human Being8aEl cuerpo humano/the human bodybEl lenguaje/languagecLos cuidados corporales/body caredLa sexualidad/sexualityUnidad 2/Unit 2La Personalidad humana/The Human Personality37aLa inteligencia/intelligencebLos sentimientos/feelingscLa voluntad,deber y conciencia/will,duty and consciencedLa percepci on/perceptioneLas cualidades y virtudes/qualities and virtuesfLos defectos,vicios y delitos/defects,vices and offensesUnidad 3/Unit 3Los Alimentos,las bebidas y la ropa/Food,Drinksand Clothes71aLas comidas/mealsbEl vino/winecEl vestido/dressUnidad 4/Unit 4La Salud/Health103aLa medicina/medicinebLa enfermedad/illnesscLos accidentes/accidentsdEl tabaquismo/tobacco addictioneLas drogas/drugsfLa muerte/deathUnidad 5/Unit 5La Familia y la casa/Family and Home137aLos miembros de la familia/family membersbLos grados de parentesco/family relationshipscLa vida de familia/family lifedLos nombres de pila/first nameseLa casa y edificios/house and buildingsfEl mobiliario/furnituregLa luz y calefacci on/lighting and heatingviiviiiList of contentsUnidad 6/Unit 6La Ciudad/City Life171aUn vistazo sobre la ciudad/overview of the citybLa administraci on municipal/town administrationcLa polic a/policedLos delitos/offenseseLa circulaci on urbana,carreteras y accidentes/town traffic,roads and accidentsfLas fiestas p ublicas/public holidaysgEl hotel,caf e/hotels,caf esUnidad 7/Unit 7La Sociedad civil y religiosa/Social and Religious Life210aLa vida de sociedad/social lifebLa justicia/justicecEl derecho/lawdLa religi on/religioneLos derechos humanos/human rightsUnidad 8/Unit 8La Vida del campo y del mundo animal/Life in the Countrysideand the Animal Kingdom244aLa agricultura/agriculturebLa aldea y granja/village and farm lifecEl cultivo de los jardines y de los campos/garden and farmcropsdLa recolecci on/harvesteLos vegetales/plantsfLos arboles frutales/fruit treesgLa vida de la selva/jungle lifehLos animales dom esticos y animales salvajes/domestic andwild animalsiLas aves/birdsjLos peces,mariscos/fish,shell fishkLos insectos,gusanos,reptiles/insects,worms,reptilesUnidad 9/Unit 9El Tiempo(duraci on),c alculos,tama nos y dinero;recipientes/Time,Calculations,Sizes and Money;Containers274aLa divisi on del tiempo/division of timebLa hora y el reloj/time and the clockcLa edad y fechas/age and datesdLas festividades/festivitieseLos n umeros,c alculos y matem aticas/numbers,calculationsand mathematicsfLos pesos y medidas/weights and measuresgEl tama no/sizehRecipientes/containersiLas monedas/money and coinsList of contentsixUnidad 10/Unit 10La Naturaleza y el universo/Nature and the Universe305(1)aEl cielo y los astros/the sky and the starsbLa tierra/earthcEl mar y los r os/the sea and riversdLa atm osfera y el tiempo que hace/the atmosphere andweathereLa ecolog a y energ a/ecology and energy(vocabularyonly)(2)La ecolog a y energ a/ecology and energy(exercises only)Unidad 11/Unit 11La Vida econ omica(Secci on 1)/Economic Life(Section 1)349aEl trabajo/workbLos oficios/professionscEl comercio,finanzas/commerce,financedLa banca/bankingUnidad 12/Unit 12La Vida econ omica(Secci on 2)/Economic Life(Section 2)388aLa industria/industrybLos seguros e impuestos/insurance and taxcLas pensiones/pensionsdLa seguridad social/social securityUnidad 13/Unit 13Transporte/Transportation,Transport418aEl coche/carro M/carbEl ferrocarril/railroad/railwayscEl avi on/airplanedEl barco/boateLa seguridad vial/road safetyUnidad 14/Unit 14Ocio(esparcimiento M)y turismo/Leisure and Tourism455aLos juegos de ni nos/childrens gamesbLos juegos de sociedad/social and recreational gamescEl baile/dancingdLos deportes/sportseLa pesca,caza/fishing,huntingUnidad 15/Unit 15Educaci on/Education491aLas escuelas/schoolsbLas clases/classescLa ense nanza/teachingdLos estudios y comportamiento/study and behavioreLa ense nanza superior/higher educationUnidad 16/Unit 16Letras y ciencias/Arts and Sciences525aLa gram atica,el estilo/grammar,stylebLa literatura(poes a,novela)/literature(poetry,novel)cLa filosof a/philosophydLas ciencias de la naturaleza(f sica,biolog a,qu mica,color y luz)/natural sciences(physics,biology,chemistry,color and light)xList of contentseLos sistemas de informaci on,telecomunicaciones,correos/information systems,telecommunications,postalserviceUnidad 17/Unit 17Bellas artes y artes pl asticas/Fine Arts and Plastic Arts563aEl dibujo,pintura,fotograf a/drawing,painting,photographybLa escultura y arquitectura/sculpture and architecturecLa m usica,canto y radio/music,singing and radiodLa televisi on/televisioneEl teatro y cine/theater and moviesUnidad 18/Unit 18La G eograf a y la historia/G eography and History592Unidad 19/Unit 19La Pol tica/Politics627aEl gobierno y elecciones/government and electionsbLos sindicatos/labor/trades unionscLas relaciones internacionales/international relationsdLa Uni on Europea/European UnioneLos disturbios pol ticos/political unrestfLa inmigraci on/immigrationgEl feminismo/feminismUnidad 20/Unit 20La G uerra y la paz/War and Peace665aEl ej ercito/armybLa guerra terrestre/land warcLa marina de guerra/navydLa guerra naval/sea conflicteLa aviaci on)guerra a erea/aviation,air warfLa paz/peaceModel answers for a number of the exercises in this book can be found on thebooks accompanying website,at the URL http:/publishing.cambridge.org/resources/052100862XUnidad 1/Unit 1El Ser humano/The Human BeingNivel 1/Level 1Generalamigo/a m/ffriendamigote m R1palanciano mold(person)beba f Afemale babybebe m Amale babybeb e mbabybeb e m/f Mbabybeibi m R2/1 Mgirl/boy friend,baby(used as form ofaddress)bodoque m R1 Mkidcaballero mgentlemanchamaca f Mkid(girl)chamaco m Mkid(boy)chava f Mgirlchaval m R1lad,kidchavala f R1girlchavo m Mboychica fgirlchico mboycolega mf R2/1friendcompadre m R1 Mfriend,buddycompa nero/a m/ffriendcompinche mfR2/1 Mbuddy,mateconocido/a m/facquaintancecuata f R1 M(girl)friend,girlcuate m R1 M(boy)friend,guy,blokecuero m R1 Mattractivebroad/chick.dama f R3/2ladyescuincle m R1 Mkid,nipperforro m R1 Mattractivewoman/manhombre mmanindividuo mindividual,guyjoven mfyoung person(alsoadjective:young)mam a fmom(my),mum(my)mango m R1 Mgood-looking broad/chick,stunnermina f R1 Abroad,chickmin on m R1 Agood-looking broad/chick,stunnermuchacha fgirlmuchacho mboy,ladmujer fwomannene/a m/fbaby,infantni no/ni na m/fchild/boy/girlpap a mdad(dy)pebeta f R1 Agirl,kidpebete m R1 Aboy,kidpelao m R1 Mguy,fellowpiba f R1 Agirl,childpibe m R1 Aboy,childse nor mgentlemanse nora fladyse norita f(young)ladyse norito m(young)gentlemant o m R1dude,guytipo m R1dude,guyviejecito mold person8Ser humano/Human Being9viejito m Mold personviejo mold person(alsoadjective:old)Cuerpo humano/Human bodyCabeza/headboca fmouthcabeza fheadcalvobaldcara ffacecerebro mbraincoco m R1head,nutcuello mneckdiente mtoothfrente fforeheadgarganta fthroathocico m R1 Mmug,snoutjeta f R1face,muglabio mliplengua ftonguemejilla fcheekmuela f(molar)toothnapia(s)f(pl)R1 Aschnozzle,hooternariz fnoseo do m(inner)earoreja f(outer)earpelo mhairpel on R1baldpiel fskinpinta f R2/1face,appearance(suggests more stateof mind)p omulo mcheekboneponerse los pelos depuntato stand on end(of hair)raya fpart,parting(in hair)trenzas fplbraids,plaitstrucha f R1 AmugTronco/trunkbarriga f R1belly,paunchcuerpo mbodyculo m R1butt,ass,arseespalda fbackhombro mshoulderpecho mbreast,chesttronco mtrunkvientre mstomach.Miembros/membersbrazo marmcadera fhipcodo melbowdedo mfingermano fhandmiembro mmembermu neca fwristm usculo mmusclemuslo mthighpalma fpalm(of hand)pecho mbreastpu no mfistrodilla fkneeu na fnailPiel y hueso/skin and bonecarne ffleshcostilla fribcutis mskin,complexionesqueleto mskeletonnudillo mknucklepiel fskintejido mtissuetend on mtendontez fcomplexionF sico y aspecto/physique and appearancealtotallbajoshort,smallbonitoprettybueno R1good-lookingchaparro A/Msquatchico Msmall,tinyd ebilweakdelgadothinderechoright-handeddurohardeleganteeleganten ergicoenergeticfeouglyf sico mphysique,physicalfuertestronggordofatgruesothicksetguapogood-lookingguay R1cool,nice10Unidad 1/Unit 1hermosobeautiful,lovelylindo A/Mprettyllenito Mchubbymajo R1nice,prettymorenodark-skinned,swarthyp alidopalepeque nosmallponchado R1 Mstrong,toughregordetechubbyrobustotough,robustzurdoleft-handedOrganos internos/internal organsarteria farterycoraz on mheartest omago mstomachh gado mliverintestino m(delgado)(small)intestineintestino m(grueso)(large)intestineri n on mkidneysangre fbloodvena fveinOrganos sexuales femeninos/female sexualorganscl toris mclitorisco no m R1cuntgenitales mplgenitals organo morgansexualsexualvagina fvaginaOrganos sexuales masculinos/male sexual organscojones mpl R1ballshuevos mpl R1ballspene mpenispito m R1dickverga f R1McockActividades y movimiento/Activitiesand movementGeneralabrazarto hug,to embraceabrirto openagarrarto gripagarrar un objeto dela mesa A/Mto take an object fromthe table.agarrar una pelota Mto catch a ballahogarseto drownandarto walk animo mcourage,spiritatajar una pelota Ato catch a ballatrapar la pelota Mto catch the ballaventar Mto throwbeberto drinkbesarto kisscaerseto fallcambiar de sitioto change placescaminarto walk(suggestseffort)cerrarto closecircularto circulate,to movearoundcogerto catch,to take,toget hold ofcoger un objeto de lamesato take an object fromthe tablecoger una pelotato catch a ballcomerto eatconducta fbehavior,conductcorrerto runcruzarto crossdar la vueltato go backdar la vuelta ato go rounddarse prisato hurrydejarto leavedevolverto return(somethingto someone)enjugarto wipeentrar(en)to enter/go inescucharto listen(to)golpe mblowgolpearto hit,to strikehacerto make,to doirto gojugarto playllevarto wear,to carryl ucidolucid,clearmirarto look(at)morderto bitemorir(se)to diemoverseto movenadarto swimo rto hearSer humano/Human Being11pasarto passpegarto hit,to strikepescar la bolaR2/1 Mto catch the ballpicarto bite,to stingpisarto step/tread onponerto put,to placequedar(se)to remainquererto love,to likequitarto take(away)respirarto breatheromperto breaksalirto go outseguirto followsubir(se)to go uptirarto throw,to throwaway(usually hasmeaning of throwaway in M)tomarto taketomar el colectivoA/Mto catch the bustraerto bringusarto usevenirto comeverto seevivirto livevolverto return(rarely usedin M which prefersregresar)Avanzada y retroceso/movement forwardsand backwardsalcanzarto reachavanzarto go forwarddirigirse haciato make your waytowardsempujarto pushempuj on mpushretrocederto retreat,towithdrawtirar deto pullSubida y bajada/ascent and descentbajada fdescent,going downbajar(se)to go/come down,toget offcaer(se)to fall.ca da ffallcoger una liebre R1to fall,to come acropperdarse un azot onR1 Mto fall,to crash downdarse un guarrazoto fall over,to crashdownderrumbarseto come crashingdownescalarto scale,to climbestrellarseto crashinclinarseto bendlevantarseto get upmontarto get onresbaladizoslipperyresbalarto slipresbaloso Mslipperysalvarto step/jump oversentarseto sit downsubida fascentsubir(se)to go up,to get ontirarse una planchaR1to falltreparto climbvenirse abajoto crash downMovimientos r apidos/fast movementsacelerar el pasoto speed upaplaudirto applaudaplauso(s)m(pl)applauseapresurarseto hastenapurarse A/Mto hurryentrar corriendoto run inescapar(se)to escape,to run awayespabilarse R2/1to get a move on,tolook livelyfugarseto fleellegar corriendoto come running upmoverseto movesalir corriendoto run outCuidados corporales/Body careafeitar(se)to shave(yourself)arreglarseto get ready,to dressupaseo m personalpersonal hygieneasquerosofoul,dirty12Unidad 1/Unit 1ba narseto take a bathba narse Mto take a bath/showerba nera fbath(tub)ba no mbath,bathroombrocha fshaving brushcepillarto brushcepillo m de dientestooth brushchamp u mshampoocubo mbucket,pailcuidado mcare,attentioncurioso R3cleanducha fshowerducharseto take a showerensuciar(se)to make dirty/getdirtyespuma ffoamfregadero msinkfregarto scrubfrotarto rubgrifo mfaucet,taphoja f de afeitarrazor bladejab on msoaplavar(se)to wash(yourself)limpiarto cleanlimpieza fcleanlinesslimpiocleanm aquina f(electric)razornavaja f de rasurar Mrazor bladepasta f dent fricatooth pasteporquer a f R1filth,muck,dirtrasurarse Mto shaveservicios mplwashroom,toiletsuciedad fdirtinesssuciodirtytijeras fplscissorstoalla ftoweltomar un ba noto take a bathw ater mlavatory,toiletSue no/sleepacostar(se)to put to bed(whenreflexive=to liedown,to go to bed)apolillar R1 Ato snoozebostezarto yawnbostezo myawncansancio mtirednesscansarseto get tired.coche m de ensue nodream of a cardescansarto restdescanso mrestdespertar(se)to wake updespiertoawakedormidoasleepdormirto sleepdormir como beb e Mto sleep like ababy/logdormir como un lir onto sleep like a logdormir la siestato have a siestadormirseto go to sleepecharseto lie downensue no mdaydreamestar dormido/durmiendoto be sleepinginsomnio msleeplessnesslevantarseto get uppastilla f para dormirsleeping pillpesadilla fnightmareroncarto snoresomn fero msleeping pillson ambulo msleepwalkerso nar(con)to dream(of)sue no msleep,dreamHabla/Speecha voz en gritoaloudagudosharp,penetratingcallarseto keep quietcanci on fsongcantarto singcanto msong,singingcharla fchatcharlarto chatclaroclearconversaci on fconversationdecirto say,to telldialecto mdialecten voz altain a loud voiceen voz bajain a low voicegritarto shoutgrito mshouthabla fspeechhablarto speakhablar fuerteto speak loudlyidioma mlanguageSer humano/Human Being13lengua flanguagelenguaje m(type of)languagepalabra fwordsuavesoft.t ermino mtermtono mtonevoz fvoiceNivel 2/Level 2Cuerpo humano/Human bodyCabeza/headaliento mbreatham gdala ftonsilarruga fwrinklebaba f Msalivabarba fbeardbarbilla fchinbarbudobearded(barbado M)busto mbustcabello m R3haircoco m R1headcolmillo mcanine toothcorona fcrown(of head)crisma f R2/1head,nutcuero m cabelludoscalpenc as fplgumshoyuelo mdimpleincisivo m R3incisormanzana f de Ad anAdams applemate m R1 Aheadmelona f R1headmente fmindment on mchinmolar mmolarmuela f del juiciowisdom toothnuez f de Ad anAdams appleo do m exteriorouter earo do m interiorinner earpaladar mp