2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃：外研版选修7Module 3.doc

2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版选修七Module 3 知识详解 ① serve　v．　服务；服役；端上(饭菜)，供应；满足……的需要；合乎(目的)；接待 (回归课本P30)The warden，helped by two women，served the soup from this pot at meal times. 开饭的时候，大师傅在锅边舀粥，有两个女人替他打杂。 【归纳总结】 【例句探源】 ①As Party members，we should serve the people heart and soul. 作为党员，我们要全心全意为人民服务。 ②After graduation，he returned to Greece to serve in the army. 毕业后，他回到希腊服军役。 ③Are you being served？有人接待您了吗？ ④(朗文P1798)The old couch had to serve as a guest bed. 这张旧的长沙发只好用作客人的床了。 ⑤The two are not the same and don’t serve the same purpose. 二者不是一回事，并且用途也不同。 【即境活用】 1．Dinner is ________ from six to nine in that restaurant.For twenty years this practice has ________ unchanged. A．eaten；lasted　　 B．served；remained C．given；kept D．ordered；developed 解析：选B。句意是：那家饭店从六点到九点提供晚餐。长达二十年了，这种习惯一直没有改变。第一个空用serve的被动语态形式，表示“(饭菜)被提供”。第二个空用remained作系动词用，表示“保持”，unchanged作表语。 2.The animal bones found in the tomb will ________ as important materials for the scientific study. A．look B．treat C．serve D．regard 解析：选C。serve as充当。句意为“在这墓中发现的动物骨头，将作为科学研究的重要材料。” ② reward　n．　报酬；奖励；赏金 vt.　酬劳；奖赏 (回归课本P31)The next morning a notice was put up on the door of the workhouse，offering a reward to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist. 第二天早晨，济贫院大门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇用奥利弗的人提供奖赏。 【归纳总结】 【例句探源】 ①I didn’t do it for reward；I did it for love. 我不是为了报酬做这件事，只是由于爱好。 ②He was given a medal as a reward for his service. 作为对所提供服务的奖赏，他得到了一枚奖章。 ③He gained a reward of $ 900 for catching the criminal. 他因抓获罪犯而获得900美元的酬金。 ④If they meet these objectives，they should be rewarded with more than kind words. 如果他们达成目标，就要论功行赏，光是讲好话是不够的。 【易混辨析】 award，reward，prize (1)award和reward都可以用作名词和动词。作名词时，二者意义相近，但不是同义词：award的意思是“奖品，奖金”，与prize近似,都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖；reward意为 “赏金，酬金，奖励，报酬”。 (2)用作动词时，award的意思是“授予，颁发,判给”；reward则表示“报答，酬谢”，构成的搭配有reward sb.for sth./doing sth.意思是“因为某事而奖励某人”。 (3)reward也可以用于比喻义。 (4)prize作名词，意为“奖励，奖赏，奖品，奖金”；作动词，意为“珍视，高度重视”；作形容词，意为“优秀的，典范的”。 ①Have you attended the award ceremony? ②She was awarded a medal for bravery by the local government. ③A reward will be paid to anyone who brings back the money that he lost. ④First prize was a weekend for two in Paris. 【即境活用】 3．(河北衡水中学高三第二次模拟)The lady ________ the boy with two dollars for bringing back her lost dog. A．rewarded　　　　 B．paid C．offered D．presented 解析：选A。句意是:这个男孩给这位女士带来了她丢失的狗，她为此酬谢这个男孩两美元。reward表示“酬谢”。pay“支付”；offer“提供”；present“呈送”。 4.(福建福州三中高三月考)It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ________. A．rewards B．prizes C．awards D．results 解析：选A。句意：人们普遍认为婴儿学会做事情是因为某些行为有奖励。此处reward表示“奖励；回报”。后三项分别表示“奖品”、“奖赏”、“结果”。 ③intend　vt.　意欲；打算；想要；计划 (回归课本P37)Some years later，Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month. 几年后，皮普获悉一个不知道姓名的人愿意每个月都给他一些钱。 【归纳总结】 【例句探源】 ①I intended to go to the park，but my son intended that I should go with him to see a film. 我打算去公园，但我儿子打算让我陪他去看场电影。 ②He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让儿子经营该公司。 ③These books are intended for the young. 这是专供年轻人阅读的书籍。 ④I had intended to give you a hand，but I was busy then. 我本来打算帮助你的，但我当时很忙。 【即境活用】 5．(浙江衢州一中高三上学期期中)Jack would love to go to the cinema with his dad，but the film is ________ for adults only. A．admitted　　　　　 B．intended C．promised D．permitted 解析：选B。句意是：杰克想与他的父亲一起去看电影，但是这部电影仅供成年人观看。be intended for“专供某人使用”。admit允许；promise许诺；permit允许。 6.All the photographs in our website are ________ for educational purposes only and are not for commercial use in any form. A．enclosed B．inspected C．related D．intended 解析：选D。句意：我们网站的所有照片都只是为教育目的而准备的，不能用于任何形式的商业用途。be intended for意为“为……而设计；为……而准备”，符合句意。 ④in astonishment　惊讶地；吃惊地 (回归课本P30)He stared in complete astonishment at the child and held on to the pot for support. 他瞪着那个孩子，完全惊呆了，手抓着锅以求站稳。 【归纳总结】 【例句探源】 ①She stared at him in astonishment. 她吃惊地盯着他。 ②To my astonishment，they published the poem and sent me two dollars. 出乎我意料的是，他们发表了这首小诗并给我寄来了两美元。 ③What astonished me most was that he appeared at the party. 他出现在宴会上，使我们感到非常惊讶。 ④Everybody was astonished at the news. 这消息令大家惊讶。 ⑤(朗文P1849) We walked back to the house in silence. 我们默不作声地走回房子去。 【即境活用】 7．“Didn’t you have a good time at the party？”she looked at me and asked ________ astonishment. A．in　　 B．to C．for D．by 解析：选A。in astonishment是固定短语，作状语，意为“惊奇地”。to one’s astonishment表示“使某人感到惊奇的是”一般用于句首。 8.Looking at her _____ looks，we were ____. A．astonished；confused B．astonishing；confusing C．astonishment；confused D．astonished；confusing 解析：选A。修饰look，voice，expression等词 的词一般用过去分词形式，故第一空使用astonished;第二空confused为过去分词作表语。 ⑤a huge amount of　大量的 (回归课本P41)Dickens always had a huge amount of energy. 狄更斯总是精力充沛。 【归纳总结】 【注意】　the number of虽与a number of只有一词之差，但它表示“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。 【例句探源】 ①It’s best to cook vegetables in a small amount of water. 烹制蔬菜时最好少放些水。 ②There is a great deal of traffic on the road. 路上车辆很多。 ③A large number of mistakes were made in the composition. 作文中出现了许多错误。 ④The number of the students in my class is 50. 我班有50位学生。 【即境活用】 9．Jack has a large ________ of books while Tom has a large ________ of money. A．amount；number　B．number；amount C．plenty；amount D．amount；lot 解析：选B。a large number of后跟可数名词复数，a large amount of后跟不可数名词。 10.________ money has been spent in building the modern library，where we can read books in our spare time. A．A great number of B．A large amount of C．A good many D．Quite a lot 解析：选B。句意是：大量的钱都花在建造这家现代图书馆了，在那儿我们在业余时间可以阅览书籍。此句要用a large amount of与不可数名词money连用。A、C项后接复数名词; quite a lot要接介词of。 句型梳理 【教材原句】　No sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon.(P31) 孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。 【句法分析】　句中no sooner...than...意为“刚一……就……”。 ①No sooner had the football game started than it began to rain.足球赛刚开始就下起雨来了。 ②No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang. 他刚坐下，电话铃就响了。 表示“一……就……”的其他结构； (1)hardly...when/scarcely...when，注意该结构同no sooner...than一样，句子主句谓语动词用过去完成时，从 句谓语动词用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时，句子用倒装语序。 (2)as soon as；the moment/minute/instant...；immediately/instantly (3)on＋名词/v.－ing 形式 on his arrival；on hearing the news (4)at＋名词 at the sight of ③Hardly had we begun the climb when the snow began to come down.我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。 ④I had scarcely got up when someone came to see me. 我刚刚起床，就有人来找我。 ⑤I’ll tell you the result immediately I get it. 我一得到结果就告诉你。 ⑥On seeing her mother，she burst into tears. 一见到她妈妈，她就放声大哭起来。 ⑦We hadn’t met for 20 years，but I recognized her the moment I saw her. 我和她20年没见面了，可我一见到她就认出了她。 ⑧The young couple went to Europe as soon as they got married.这对年轻夫妇一结婚就去了欧洲。 ⑨At the news，they ran away as fast as they could. 他们一听到消息，就尽快跑开了。 【即境活用】 11．—Did Linda see the traffic accident? —No，no sooner ________ than it happened. A．had she gone　　　B．she had gone C．has she gone D．she has gone 解析：选A。no sooner...than... 为固定结构形式，表示“刚一……就……”，no sooner后常接“had＋主语＋done”这一倒装结构。 12．完成句子 ____________________________ than he sent me an e－mail. 他一到巴黎就给我发了一封电子邮件。 答案：No sooner had he arrived in Paris - 5 -