串讲03圆锥曲线与方程高二苏教版数学上册期末大串讲思维导图知识串讲常用技巧/结论典型例题思维导图知识串讲1.椭圆的定义把平面内与两个定点F1,F2的距离的和等于(大于|F1F2|)的点的轨迹叫做椭圆.两个定点F1,F2叫做椭圆的,两焦点间的距离|F1F2|叫做椭圆的.常数焦点焦距知识串讲焦点的位置焦点在x轴上焦点在y轴上图形标准方程2.椭圆的简单几何性质x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)y2a2+x2b2=1(a>b>0)知识串讲范围___________________________________________顶点______________________________________________________________________________________轴长短轴长为___,长轴长为____焦点________________________________________焦距|F1F2|=____对称性对称轴:_________,对称中心:_____离心率_____________-a≤x≤a且-b≤y≤b-b≤x≤b且-a≤y≤aA1(-a,0),A2(a,0)B1(0,-b),B2(0,b)A1(0,-a),A2(0,a)B1(-b,0),B2(b,0)2b2aF1(-c,0),F2(c,0)F1(0,-c),F2(0,c)2cx轴和y轴原点e=ca(00,b>0)(a>0,b>0)图形性质焦点_______________________________________焦距__________范围_______或_____,y∈Ry≤-a或y≥a,x∈R4.双曲线的标准方程和简单几何性质x2a2-y2b2=1y2a2-x2b2=1F1(-c,0),F2(c,0)F1(0,-c),F2(0,c)|F1F2|=2cx≤-ax≥a坐标轴原点知识串讲性质顶点________________________________________轴实轴:线段_____,长:___;虚轴:线段B1B2,长:___,实半轴长:___,虚半轴长:___离心率e=∈_________渐近线_________________a,b,c的关系c2=______(c>a>0,c>b>0)y=±baxy=±abxcaA1(-a,0),A2(a,0)A1(0,-a),A2(0,a)A1A22a2bab(1,+∞)a2+b2知识串讲5.抛物线的概念把平面内与一个定点F和一条定直线l(l不经过点F)的距离的点的轨迹叫做抛物线,点F叫做抛物线的,直线l叫做抛物线的.相等焦点准线知识串讲6.抛物线的标准方程和简单几何性质标准方程y2=2px(p>0)y2=-2px(p>0)x2=2py(p>0)x2=-2py(p>0)图形范围x≥0,y∈Rx≤0,y∈Ry≥0,x∈Ry≤0,x∈R焦点_____________________________p2,0-p2,00,p2...