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4 5是仁爱版教材的商标仁爱版教材推广及服务中心电话4008100168 010-82676936 13911468451著作权所有,请勿擅用本书制作各类出版物,违者必究。如有质量问题,影响阅读,请与北京市仁爱教育研究所联系调换。地址:北京市海淀区北四环西路68号左岸工社12层 邮编:100080电话:4008100168 010-82676936 13911468415 网址:http:/www.renai- 邮箱:editorrenai-图书在版编目(CIP)数据 英语.八年级.上册/北京市仁爱教育研究所编著.北京:科学普及出版社,2013.4(2021.6重印)义务教育教科书 ISBN 978-7-110-08253-9 .英.北.英语课初中教材.G634.411 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2013)第088524号ISBN 978-7-110-08253-9/G3465义务教育教科书英 语 八年级 上册北京市仁爱教育研究所 编著*科学普及出版社(北京市海淀区中关村南大街16号)邮政编码:100081福建新华发行(集团)有限责任公司发行福建新华印刷有限责任公司印刷*787mm1092mm 16开 10印张 200千字2013年4月第1版 2021年6月第76次印刷定价:9.90 元徐扬科 许 倩徐 飞责任编辑 吕 鸣 林 然策划编辑责任印制精选题材丰富的阅读材料及形式多样的读前活动。通过各种形式的阅读活动,帮助学生掌握基本的阅读技能,实现课程标准要求的阅读技能目标。为他们成为高效的阅读者打下良好的基础。帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯,掌握科学的学习方法,从而提高学习效率,成为真正的自主学习者。以各单元所学内容为基础,通过各种语音活动学习基本的语音知识,了解英语语音的特点和规律,养成自然规范的语音语调,为有效的口语交际打下良好的基础。IIIII引导学生通过完成任务的方式归纳本话题所学知识,培养他们定期自主复习的好习惯,为终身可持续性学习奠定基础。通过题材丰富的泛读文章,进一步扩大学生的阅读量。同时,拓展学生的文化视野,进而提高其跨文化交际能力。以合作探究活动形式,促使学生通过体验、实践、讨论、合作、探究等方式,综合运用本话题的语言知识和技能解决现实生活中的一些实际问题,培养学生用英语做事情的能力。贯彻过程性写作理念,以意义表达为核心目标,同时关注语言形式的使用。将听、说、读的技能与写作有机结合,并结合单元相关话题的写作活动,提高目标语的写作能力。体现培养学生综合语言运用能力的课标理念。Scope and Sequence1.Im going to play basketball.2.Ill kick you the ball again.3.The school sports meet is coming.1.You should brush your teeth twice a day.2.I must ask him to give up smoking.3.Must we exercise to prevent the flu?Asking for and giving adviceMaking telephone calls and leaving messagesReminding and warningGiving adviceAsking for and giving adviceDescribing illnessesMaking appointmentsAsking for permission Expressing apologies and responsesTalking about intentions and plansTalking about preferencePlaying SportsKeeping HealthyReview of Unit 1Review of Units 1-2Page 9Page 17Page 27Page 35Page 43Page 121TopicFunctionUnit/TitleIV2551Difference between/e/and/V/Incomplete plosionDifference between/i/and/V/Weak formIncomplete plosionDifference among/7/,/A/and/D/LiaisonSyllabic Liaison Weak formIncomplete plosionConsonant clustersWeak formSubject+vt.+indirect object+direct objectFuture tense:will/shallModal verbs(I):should,shouldn t,had better,had better notModal verbs(II):must,mustn t,may,canModal verbs(III):must,have to Reflexive pronounsReviewing Paying attention to the pronunciationUsing Wh-questionsNames of sportingactivitiesWords to describe careersWords for team games Words about basketballParaphrasing Paying attention to the pronunciationPaying attention to the pronunciationUsing resources to get more information Using past tense Checking and correcting Words for sports meet Words to describe the OlympicsGuessing with words instructionLearning sentence patternsMaking sentencesNames of illnessesExpressing attitudePaying attention to the pronunciationGrouping new wordsWords for healthy habitsNames of foodsPaying attention to the pronunciationFinding topic sentencesUnderstanding pronounsWords about the flu Words for healthFuture tense:be going toStructurePronunciationVocabularyStrategyVDifference between/e/and/Incomplete plosionScope and Sequence2.What sweet music!3.What were you doing at this time yesterday?1.Whats the strongest animal on the farm?Expressing certainty and uncertaintyExpressing concern and reassuranceExpressing preferenceExpressing agreement and disagreementExpressing likes and dislikes2.How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake?3.The Internet makes the world smaller.1.Whats your hobby?Expressing likes and dislikesOur WorldOur HobbiesReview of Units 3-4Page 97Page 89Page 81Page 71Page 63Page 55TopicUnit/Title43FunctionVI79105Review of Unit 3Appendices 109ExclamationsPast continuousComparative and superlative degreesof adjectives (I)Comparative andsuperlative degreesof adjectives(II)Subject+vt.+object+objectcomplementUsed toDifference between/r/and/l/PauseCollecting expressions Paying attention to the pronunciationSummarizing and predictingWords to describehobbiesRetelling with key wordsPaying attention to the pronunciationSupporting your general opinionNames of musical instruments Words for kinds of musicPaying attention to the different expressionsWords of indoor and outdoor activitiesPaying attention to the pronunciationNoticing the transitions Using linking wordsUsing comparative and superlative formsNames of animals and plantsWorking out the rulePaying attention to the pronunciationNames of natural disastersWords to describenatural disastersUsing fillers to get thinking timePaying attention to the pronunciationTaking notesWords about the InternetConsonant clustersStressStructurePronunciationVocabularyStrategyVII Assimilation StressLiaisonDifference among/e/,/I/and/2/Assimilation StressLiaisonWeak formIncomplete plosionDifference among/l/,/n/and/M/Falling toneIncomplete plosion LiaisonDifference between/F/and/N/Rising toneLiaison StressWeak formDifference between/w/and/v/UNIT 228I cant sleep well at night.I have a backache.I have a fever.1.drink coffee or tea in the evening2.drink enough boiled water3.lift heavy things 4.stay in bed and have a good sleep23A.Listen to the conversations and number the pictures.B.Listen again and write down the advice,using should/shouldnt.1.2.3.Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.Then practice with your partner.You should.You should.You shouldnt.You shouldnt.I have a headache.Recognizing and remembering sentence patterns may help you speak English more fluently.TOPIC 129Look,listen and say.1a1.Steve looks well.()2.Bruce has been ill for two days.()3.Steve will take Bruce to the hospital.()4.Bruce will take some medicine.()Number the sentences to make up a conversation similar to 1a.2Listen again and mark T(True)or F(False).1cHey,Bruce.You dont look well.Whats the matter?Well,Im feeling terrible!I have a headache and a cough.Im sorry to hear that.How long have you been like this?Two days.You may have the flu.Youd better take some medicine.I think I will.Shall I take you to the hospital?No,thank you.Ill go home and have a rest.Steve:Bruce:Steve:Bruce:Steve:Bruce:Steve:Bruce:Listen to 1a and choose the correct answers.1b How are you feeling,Nick?I have a terrible cold.I cough day and night.Not so well.I dont feel like eating.OK.Thank you.Im so sorry to hear that.Why dont you have a good rest?Youd better not go to school today.Whats wrong?11.Whats wrong with Bruce?He has.A.a toothache B.a fever C.a headache and a cough2.Whats Steves suggestion?A.Seeing a doctor.B.Taking some medicine.C.Going home and having a rest.Section B8080Review of Unit 3Listen to the reports of your classmates and complete the paragraph.There are students in my class,boys and girls.,and were their favorite hobbies in the past.But they prefer to,and now.Most of the boys like,and most of the girls are fond of.4bExample:A:What s your hobby?B:I used to skate,but now I dont like it.I like playing basketball.C:He/She used to.fishingdrawingactingtravelingcookingmaking model planesRead the following poem aloud,paying attention to the pronunciation of the red letters.Then tick the pictures which match the poem.What is your way to relax?Write a short poem.The one in 5 can help you.You may begin like this:56People are busy on workdays.Students go to school for five days.We are free on the weekends.We relax in different ways.We relax in different ways.92UNIT 4923a43bLook at the pictures and write down the words according to the sounds.Then listen,read and check,paying attention to the vowels and stress.Work in groups and interview your group members views of natural disasters based on 3a.Report your result to the class.You may begin like this:John thinks.is more dangerous than.He also thinks.is the most dangerous.Listen and pay attention to the marked parts and intonation.Read after the tape and imitate.Then work in pairs and use the words in 3a and the comparative or superlative forms of adjectives to practice._ _ _ _ _ _/sn9K,stm/reInstm/taIfun/fl7d/draKt/fDrIst/faI9/The falling tone is often used in statements,exclamations,commands and Wh-questions.1./F/:think earthquake toothache anything /N/:this their them mother2.How terrible!My God!3.Li Ming,come an(d)look!4.A:Wha(t)do you think of the snowstorm?B:I think it is more dangerous than the flood.100UNIT 41003Discuss in groups about what you saw or heard on the Internet.Then make a report and present it to the class.A:I saw/looked at/watched.B:Im sure.C:I visited the website and a reporter said.D:Im not sure if/whether./w/-/v/:wetvet westvest winevine24a4bWork in pairs and make up conversations with the sentences in the box.Read the pairs of words and pay attention to the difference between/w/and/v/.Listen to the sentences,paying attention to the liaison,weak form,stress and intonation.Then read after the tape and imitate.A:Im sure there are many interesting things to see on the Internet.B:Im not sure whether/if it is good to shop online.Example:Will everyone in the world use the Internet in the future?Are there any good movie websites online?Can we find interesting books on the Internet?Will people have computers in their bodies some day?1.Good morning.Good evening.2.Will everyone in the world use the Internet in the future?3.Well,some people watch TV online.4.Do you know how to protect ourselves from the earthquake?5.Really?Which was the most serious?6.A reporter said scientists could put little computers right into our heads.7.The Internet makes our life easier and more interesting.The rising tone is often used in general questions,greetings and requests.107Review of Units 3-45Fill in the blanks with the correct form of each adjective.old tall large wonderful bigListen to the conversations and number the pictures.Listen to the conversation and mark T(True)or F(False).67()()()()()1)Jane often enjoys music on the Internet.2)Jane never does her homework with the help of the Internet.3)Jane often writes emails to her Chinese friends.4)Kangkang often plays games on the Internet.5)Kangkang likes the Internet.()()()()()Many people know that the blue whale is _ than any other animal in the world.But is it the oldest living thing in the world?No!Then whats the _ living thing?That is the redwood tree.There are some redwoods that are more than 2 000 years _.The redwoods in California are the _ in the world.Most of them grow to be more than 90 meters high.The _ redwood is over 115 meters high!Read the passage and complete the tasks on Page 108.8Everyone has hobbies,such as reading,collecting things,keeping pets and playing sports.Hobbies can bring pleasure and knowledge.Chen Yang is a student.Two years ago,she liked playing computer games.She found nothing more interesting than it.But now she has changed.She is fond of reading because there are many wonderful things in books.She always loses herself in them.She often says,“The more I read,the more I learn.”附录 课文注释?你要去干什么?我要去打篮球。动词原形表示“打算 准备做某事”。我暑假期间经常看见你打篮球。意为“看见做”,表示看见事件、行动的全过程,动作已经结束。如:他看见她穿过了马路。意为“看到正在做”,强调事件、行动正在进行。如:昨天这个时候我看见她正在跳舞。我们这周日和三班将有一场篮球赛。意为“对着;反对;靠着”。如:每个人都反对他。,?游泳和划船,你更喜欢哪项运动?我更喜欢划船。意为“更喜欢”,其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式。如:,?苹果和橘子,你更喜欢哪种?我更喜欢橘子。很多人更愿意住在乡下。意为“和相比更喜欢”。如:和游泳相比我更喜欢滑冰。?你经常划船吗?,是的,常常。不,很少。在肯定句、否定句或疑问句中,()和 常与动词连用,用来描述某个动作发生的频率,或与表示情感的动词连用,表示情感的深浅程度。如:我经常光顾那家商店。我觉得有点冷。?你要加入学校划船队吗?组织 表示“加入某个组织”。表示“加入某人的行列,和某人一起”。(活动)表示“参加(某项活动)”。如:我将会加入学校足球队。他决定加入我们。简打算下周参加排球赛。他曾效力于 的休斯敦火箭队。意为“为某队效力”如:他今年会为该队效力。?你长大以后想做什么?此句中 引导时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。文化背景知识()是美国全国篮球协会的缩写。前身是 年成立的美国篮球协会(),年改为现名。勒布朗詹姆斯,年 月 日出生,是一名美国职业篮球运动员。年期间三次获得“最有价值球员”称号,被认为是当今 表现最全面的球员之一。她每天花半小时在体育馆锻炼。意为“花费”,通常接表示时间和金钱的名词,构成()或 。如:()她花了很多钱买衣服。下周末将举行一场校运会。句型用在一般将来时中,其结构为:如:下个星期日将上映一场电影。因为它(踢足球)使他身体健壮,而且这项运动在全世界都很流行。意为“使某人 某物保持”。如:游泳有助于她的心肺健康。意为“使某人 某物做某事”。如:别把他弄哭了。一种保持健康的好方法 与 意思相同,都表示“保持健康”,尤其指人通过经常锻炼而保持健康。他和他的队友昨日抵达北京。意为“到达。”后接较大的地方(大城市、大的空间),后接较狭窄或较小的地方(小村庄、小城镇)。如:她上午七点到达了火车站。但遗憾的是队员们不会久留。他们将于后天动身前往日本,与日本国家队进行一场比赛。意为“动身前往”;意为“离开 地前往 地”,此句中 相当于 。此处用现在进行时表示即将发生的动作。表示位置移动的动词,等,可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。如:?你们什么时候出发?我就来。她晚上要飞往上海。?请你教我,好吗?意为“你介意做某事吗?”,是表示请求允许的常用句型。类似的句型还有:引导的从句。如:?你介意我在这儿吸烟吗?我们去练习吧。作动词时,后常接名词或动名词。如:她每天早晨在公园练习唱歌。还可作名词。如:熟能生巧。继续努力。()意为“(使某人)不停地做(某事)”。如:!不要说个没完!你不应该让我等那么久。?请你不要乱扔瓶子,好吗?在此为副词,意为“四处,到处”。如:我只是想四处走走。,?康康,向迈克尔道个歉怎么样呢?意为“向某人问候 道歉 道谢 道别”。,迈克尔,我为我所说的话感到很抱歉。意为“为某事感到遗憾 后悔 抱歉”。意为“我所说过的话”。如:他记着我所说过的话。你们一定会玩得更高兴。意为“肯定要做某事”(表示将来)。如:肯定要下雨。意为“确信或对某事有把握”。如:我对这个答案没有把握。篮球在美国以及世界的其他地方都是最受欢迎的运动之一。可数名词的复数形式,意为“之一”。该短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。如:我最喜欢的篮球明星之一是迈克尔乔丹。,(每个队的)目标是通过将球投入对方的篮筐而得分,并阻止对方这样做。意为“阻止(碍)做某事”。如:糟糕的天气可能阻碍我们打篮球。足球是(人们)在冬季和早春时进行的一种追求速度的运动项目。在此作为形容词,意为“做得很快的,发生得很迅速的”。如:他上周的旅行虽然短暂,但很愉快。我将参加跳远和跳高比赛。活动 意为“参加某项活动”,相当于 。这是我第一次参加跳高比赛。意为“某人第一次做某事”。如:这是她第一次参观这个博物馆。让我们定在六点半吧。此句是约定时间的常用语。奥运五环是奥运会的象征。意为“的象征”。如:白鸽是和平的象征。两者都是每四年举办一次。是一般现在时的被动语态,意为“被举办”。奥运会将会更激动人心。是 的比较级形式,意为“更激动人心”。我希望有一天我能参加奥运会。意为“有能力,能够”。表示“能力,可能”时只有现在式和过去式(),而 可用于各种时态。如:,在医生的帮助下,他能站立一会儿了。我牙痛。意为“牙痛”,相似的结构还有:头痛;背痛;胃痛。我希望你很快好起来。为系动词,后面跟形容词。在此句中意为“身体健康的,身体好的”,是形容词;也可作副词,意为“好,令人满意地”。如:他英语说得好。我患了重感冒。意为“患感冒”,相似的 发烧;咳嗽,但“得了流感”用()。?你像这样有多久了?我要尝试一些新动作。形容词修饰,等不定代词时,位于其后。如:医生说你没什么事。?你今天感觉怎么样?一般用来询问、关心对方的身体状况。回答时可根据实际情况。如:,感觉好些了,谢谢。熬夜对身体不好。在此是动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数。意为“对某人 某物不好”,与之相对应的为 意为“对某人 某物有好处”。如:饮茶对健康有好处。它甚至可以导致癌症。我必须要他戒烟。意为“要求某人做某事”,其否定形式为 。用法类似的动词还有,等。如:我必须告诉他不要在街上玩耍。意为“放弃”,后接名词或动名词。如:你应该戒酒。妈妈说过的需要吃的(食物),有一次他的盘子里放的是洋白菜。,迈克尔一看到它,就很生气。意为“一就”。如:,我一到北京就给你打电话。?那么我们该做什么来预防它呢?不定式短语 作目的状语。如:玛丽亚回古巴庆祝生日。,?哦,我可以留个口信吗?意为“留口信”。()意为“(给某人)捎口信”。意为“传口信”。如:?她现在不在,要我传个口信吗?请告诉我爸爸不要忘记明天下午的报告。()意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。意为“告诉某人某事”。如:,请告诉我你的电话号码。,因此,当你运动时,一定要注意安全。表示“保持某种状态”,相当于 如:要饮食恰当以保持健康。,所以,快乐才能健康。你应该远离烟酒。?我可能需要改变一下。在这里作名词,有“换口味”的含义。如:我们今晚换换活动,去看电影吧。遛狗。?你以前有什么爱好?我曾经收集棒球卡片。意为“过去常常;曾经”,表示现在已不是那样了,后接动词原形。其否定式为 或 。如:,我父亲过去是一位农民,但现在他是一名职员。制作剪贴簿是一种爱好。,他们把想要记住的图片、信件、诗歌以及其他物件都保存下来。,有些人的收集很有趣,像世界上最愚蠢的主意或世界上最丑的狗的照片。多音节(部分双音节)形容词是形容词的最高级形式,意为“最”。如:最漂亮的;最严重的。很容易着手(做剪贴簿)。意为“开始”。如:我们都等不及要开始下一项工作了。你可以辛勤地收集许多东西,也可以懒惰地几乎不收集东西。宠物能给主人的生活带来爱和安慰。意为“为某人提供某物”,也可表达为 如:学校为孩子们提供午餐。!?你知道我心永恒这首歌吗?呣,我可以借给你一些她的歌曲光盘。语气词,表示有疑问或犹豫时发出的声音。意为“借出”,常构成词组 或 如:?你能把铅笔借给我吗?意为“借入”,常构成词组 如:昨天我向他借了五元钱。,不久,沃尔夫冈就和他姐姐娜奈尔弹得一样好。意为“和一样”。如:康康和迈克尔跑得一样快。我抽烟不像以前那么多了。,他是一个神童,一个天生的音乐家。好的音乐带给人们舒适和宁静。王俊峰说各种文化都有其独特的鼓乐。?,请别挂断电话。此句是一种常用的电话交际用语。类似的还有:,请稍等。,请等一会儿。?昨天这个时候你在做什么呢?本句为过去进行时,表示过去的某个时刻 某一时间段正在进行的动作,其结构为 现在分词。意为“此时此刻”,是美式用法;英式用法则为 。我打电话叫你去英语角,但是没人接。意为“给打电话”意为“接电话”。我不同意。这是表明自己观点、态度的表达方式。此外还有:()我同意(你的观点)。我认为是这样的。我认为不是这样的。你说得很对。?难道它不有趣吗?此句为一般疑问句的否定式。这类疑问句常表示提问人的惊异、赞叹、怀疑或责难等语气。回答时根据实际情况来判断,如果事实上是,用;如果事实上不是,用。如:?你不下棋吗?,不,我下棋。,是的,我不下棋。,但是没卖出一盒火柴,小女孩不敢回家,因为那样她父亲会打她。意为“害怕做”,强调因害怕其结果而不敢做。类似的表达法还有 如:我担心迷路。然后,她又划了一根火柴。序数词 意为“再一;又一”。如:他又试了一次。,世纪早期,人们在星期日去教堂做礼拜。意为“在 世纪”。如:在 世纪 年代 那样,在周一上午他们感到太疲倦而无法工作。意为“太以致不能”。如:我激动得无法入睡。“”,为解决“忧郁星期一”的问题,在 年,英国人把星期六下午作为假日。此处意为“忧郁的,悲观的”,相当于。如:我今天心情不好。,一点钟的时候,每个人都停下了工作。意为“停止;中断(行为,活动)”。如:,当老师进来时,大家都不讲话了。意为“停下,去做(其他事情)”。如:她停下来去看地图。?你在想什么?意为“考虑,思考”,与 意思相近。如:我从未考虑过要当一名医生。意为“想起,想到,对有想法”时,与 不同。如:,她常常想起她的朋友玛丽亚。?你认为这部电影怎么样?热带雨林覆盖了地球表面的。读作 。它们为数千种动植物提供了生存场所,这些动植物是地球上其他地方所没有的。做定语,修饰 。成千上万的动物栖息在热带雨林中。意为“成千上万的”意为“数百的”意为“数以百万计的”它们中有许多居住在离地面三十多米高的树上。相当于 ,意为“多于,超过”。它们对调节气候起到了重要作用。()意为“(在某事中)起作用;参与(某事)”。如:她积极参与班级活动。,但是,现在热带雨林变得越来越小形容词比较级形容词比较级或 多音节形容词原级,意为“越来越”。如:天气变得越来越暖和了。中国变得越来越美丽了。熊猫生活在中国西南部的丛林和群山之中。意为“中国西南部”,相当于 。它们是世界上最古老的虎种?这是一场 级的地震。我认为我们应该跑出门。意为“(从里)出来;没有,缺少”等。如:看窗外。我快没主意了。了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中保证自身