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by Ben Villelaby Ben Villela|xHSKBPDy500893zv*:+:!:+:!ISBN-13:978-0-15-350089-3ISBN-10:0-15-350089-1GRADE 3Lesson 23WORD COUNT519GENREExpository Nonfi ctionLEVELELLHarcourt LeveledReaders Online Database RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL_COV.indd 2-3RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL_COV.indd 2-311/17/06 9:34:41 AM11/17/06 9:34:41 AMCover,Owaki-Kulla/Corbis;p.3,Ronnie Kaufman/Corbis;p.4,Owen Franken/Corbis;p.5,Peter Beck/Corbis;p.6,p.7,Dana White/PhotoEdit;p.8,Hutchings Stock Photography/Corbis;p.9,Dennis MacDonald/PhotoEdit;p.10,Gabe Palmer/Corbis;p.11,Corbis;p.12,Rick Gomez/Corbis;p.13,p.14,Kayte M.Deioma/PhotoEdit.Copyright by Harcourt,Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,including photocopy,recording,or any information storage and retrieval system,without permission in writing from the publisher.Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to School Permissions and Copyrights,Harcourt,Inc.,6277 Sea Harbor Drive,Orlando,Florida 32887-6777.Fax:407-345-2418.HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt,Inc.,registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions.Printed in ChinaISBN 10:0-15-350089-1ISBN 13:978-0-15-350089-3Ordering OptionsISBN 10:0-15-349938-9(Grade 3 ELL Collection)ISBN 13:978-0-15-349938-8(Grade 3 ELL Collection)ISBN 10:0-15-357263-9(package of 5)ISBN 13:978-0-15-357263-0(package of 5)If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge,Harcourt School Publishers retains title to the materials and they may not be resold.Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited and is illegal.Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication,or any portion of it,into electronic format.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 985 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 by Ben VillelaRXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 111/17/06 9:43:45 AM11/17/06 9:43:45 AMRXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 2RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 211/17/06 9:44:07 AM11/17/06 9:44:07 AM Do you live in a city?Do you live in a town?There are people who work for the town or the city wherever you live.There are rules.There are services to help you.These people and things are all part of your town or city government.They help your city or town run smoothly.3RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 3RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 311/17/06 9:44:22 AM11/17/06 9:44:22 AMParts of Local Government Most cities and towns have a leader called a mayor.There is also a group of people called a city council.Citizens vote to elect the mayor and the city council.Citizens are people who live in or near the town.4RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 4RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 411/17/06 9:44:35 AM11/17/06 9:44:35 AM The mayor is in charge.Each city department reports to the mayor to tell the mayor what is going on in the department.The mayor meets with citizens and business owners,too.Each group tells the mayor what it needs.5RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 5RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 511/17/06 9:44:57 AM11/17/06 9:44:57 AM The city council works with the mayor.Members of the city council and the mayor meet.They talk about what the city needs to help make it better.They may talk about ways to use the citys land.They may talk about how to get new businesses into the city.6RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 6RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 611/17/06 9:45:11 AM11/17/06 9:45:11 AM The city council may talk about how much money to pay for different services.The city council may vote on the taxes,or money,the citizens of that city will pay.Taxes pay for what the city needs.7RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 7RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 711/17/06 9:45:23 AM11/17/06 9:45:23 AMWhat Kinds of Services?People of a city or town need all kinds of services.The local government is in charge of the departments that provide,or give,the services.8RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 8RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 811/17/06 9:45:37 AM11/17/06 9:45:37 AM Here are some services that a city might provide:City Services Trash collectionLibrariesFirefi ghtersPoliceBusesParksRoad repairRunning water9RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 9RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 911/17/06 9:45:51 AM11/17/06 9:45:51 AMCan You Help?Citizens can help their local government.One way to help is to vote in elections.People may vote when they are eighteen years old.They may vote for those running for mayor or the city council.It is not hard to fi nd out who is running for offi ce.10RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 10RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1011/17/06 9:46:05 AM11/17/06 9:46:05 AM Another way to take part in local government is to volunteer to help.Volunteers are not paid.Volunteers do work for the city for nothing.For example,the parks department may offer a free exercise class.One volunteer may lead the class.Another volunteer may let people know about the class.A third volunteer may keep track of who comes to the class.11RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 11RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1111/17/06 9:46:19 AM11/17/06 9:46:19 AM People volunteer when they want to share what they know.People volunteer to learn to do a certain kind of work.People volunteer to help others in their community.12RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 12RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1211/17/06 9:46:34 AM11/17/06 9:46:34 AM Another way that you can take part in local government is to be a part of it.Citizens can go to city council meetings.At a city council meeting,everyone gets a turn to say what they think about a subject.You could say whether or not you want the new road at this meeting.13RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 13RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1311/17/06 9:46:54 AM11/17/06 9:46:54 AM When everyone works together,a city or town runs smoothly.It is important to know how your government works.One day you might be a member of the city council or the mayor in your town!14RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 14RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1411/17/06 9:47:08 AM11/17/06 9:47:08 AMTo the TeacherScaffolded Language DevelopmentCONCEPT REVIEW Discuss with students the various processes and people that make a city work.For example,you might talk about the responsibilities of the mayor and the city council.Go back through the book to review,if necessary.Then read each sentence aloud,and ask students for suggestions to fi ll in the blanks.1.One way to help a city or town is to.2.Trash collection is important for a city because otherwise.3.Police offi cers are important for a city because.4.Volunteers make a city better by.5.If I worked for my city,I would be a.Social StudiesMany People,Many Jobs Explain to students that it takes many people to run a community.Have students write several jobs that are held by city workers,such as librarian,fi refi ghter,and police offi cer,across the top of a piece of paper.Then have students write a list of skills they think a person would need for each job.School-Home ConnectionCity Helpers Have students talk to family members about what they could do to help their community.Word Count:519RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 15RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1511/17/06 9:47:22 AM11/17/06 9:47:22 AMRXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 16RXENL08ARD3E23_ELL.indd 1611/17/06 9:47:36 AM11/17/06 9:47:36 AM