2023学年新高考英语一轮复习Module1LifeintheFuture课后达标检测外研版必修4.doc

Module 1 Life in the Future (建议用时：45分钟) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023年·威海高三诊断)A team of engineers at Harvard University created the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and we have to develop them all on our own，” said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has lots of interdependence(互相依赖) of the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to，” said Wood. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off­board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built­in power source, so that it might someday perform data­gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect­scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day­to­day basis.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务。 1．What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly? A．It’s automatic. B．It’s very small. C．It’s controllable. D．It’s quite powerful. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.”可知，这种飞行器设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事，它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大，微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行受控的飞行任务；据此可知，该机器苍蝇飞行器的典型特点是尺寸小，故B项正确。 2．We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can ________． A．act as a spy plane B．help do farm work C．fly at a very high speed D．answer many scientific questions A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“so that it might someday perform data­gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield”可知，某一天这种飞行器可能用于执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务；据此可推知，该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机，故A项正确。 3．What is Wood’s idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph? A．It is highly questionable. B．It has wide practical applications. C．It gives scientists interest in flying machines. D．It points to a new direction in studying biology. B　解析：细节理解题。根据尾段第二句“Yet，the power...could have much broader applications.”并结合Wood所说的话可知，Wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛，故B项正确。 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Harvard’s Study in the Field of Insects B．A Breakthrough in Engineering Science C．An Interesting Invention—Robotic Fly D．Robotic Fly—a Copy of the Real Life Insect D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句；结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制出了首个机器苍蝇飞行器，该飞行器虽然尺寸如苍蝇大小，但结构复杂，有望在未来执行搜救点、农田、战场的数据收集任务。故D项最适合作本文标题。 B (2023年·昆明诊断测试)Artificial intelligence(AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like liver cancer in ways that were never before possible. Rishi Rawat, who teaches AI at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is part of a team of scientists researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the liver. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that’s important for making decisions.” David Agus is another researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize by itself.” Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Nowadays, researchers take a thin piece of tissue(组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to see the cells better. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus says the process could be done for almost no cost in the developing world and that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine