英国电力脱碳行动计划-英-30页-WN9.pdf

United KingdomUNITED KINGDOMS ACTION PLAN FORPOWER SECTOR DECARBONISATIONDepartment for Energy Security and Net ZeroDelivered for the 14th Clean Energy Ministerial(CEM14)July 2023群内每日免费分享5份+最新资料 群内每日免费分享5份+最新资料 300T网盘资源+4040万份行业报告为您的创业、职场、商业、投资、亲子、网赚、艺术、健身、心理、个人成长 全面赋能！添加微信，备注“入群”立刻免费领取 立刻免费领取 200套知识地图+最新研报收钱文案、增长黑客、产品运营、品牌企划、营销战略、办公软件、会计财务、广告设计、摄影修图、视频剪辑、直播带货、电商运营、投资理财、汽车房产、餐饮烹饪、职场经验、演讲口才、风水命理、心理思维、恋爱情趣、美妆护肤、健身瘦身、格斗搏击、漫画手绘、声乐训练、自媒体打造、效率软件工具、游戏影音扫码先加好友，以备不时之需扫码先加好友，以备不时之需行业报告/思维导图/电子书/资讯情报行业报告/思维导图/电子书/资讯情报致终身学习者社群致终身学习者社群关注公众号获取更多资料关注公众号获取更多资料United KingdomAction Plan for Power Sector DecarbonisationBACKGROUNDA collaborative report from the Clean Energy Ministerial(CEM)on Lessons Learned for Rapid Decarbonization of Power Sectors was delivered to energy ministers and presented at the 13th CEM(CEM13)in the United States in September 2022.In light of these lessons learned and discussed at CEM13,several jurisdictions signaled intent to develop Action Plans for power sector decarbonization,to be released at CEM14 in India in July 2023.These Action Plans complement,but are differentiated from,other international power sector initiatives such as the Breakthrough Agenda(whose broad purpose is to raise collective ambition)and the Global Power System Transformation(G-PST)Consortium(whose goals are to convene power system operators to accelerate research innovations and foster peer learning).The Action Plans,supported by the 21st Century Power Partnership and other CEM workstreams via direct technical assistance and capacity building,are intended to focus on select implementation actions given each countrys existing power sector goals and activities,and are an opportunity for countries to display leadership in power sector decarbonization.These Action Plans are voluntary,developed by each country individually,not comprehensive of all activities within the jurisdiction,and are living documents that are subject to change.United KingdomClimate Change Act(2008)Establishes a legally binding target to reduce the UKs greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80%in 2050 from 1990 levels.Drives progress and sets the UK on a pathway towards meeting this target.Introduced a system of carbon budgets,including a target that the annual equivalent of the carbon budget for the period including 2020 is at least 34%lower than 1990.Electricity Market Reform(2013)Incentivises investments in secure low-carbon electricity,improves the security of Great Britains electricity supply,and improve affordability for consumers.Part of The Energy Act 2013 and introduced a number ofmechanisms.In particular:A Capacity Market,designed to help ensure security of electricity supply at the least cost to the consumer.Contracts for Difference,designed to provide long-term revenue stabilisation for new low carbon initiatives.BACKGROUND:KEY DRIVERS OF CHANGE OVER THE LAST DECADEAction Plan for Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomThe UK has made significant progress in decarbonising its economy and decoupling emissions from economic growth.Between 1990 and 2021,the UK has cut emissions by 48%,decarbonising faster than any other G7 country,whilst growing the economy by 65%.To keep the UK on a path to net zero by 2050,the government is required to set legally binding,five-year caps on emissions carbon budgets twelve years in advance and then publish a report setting out proposals and policies.DECOUPLINGEMISSIONS ANDECONOMICGROWTHAction Plan for Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomWe have ambitious targets:The UK has the most ambitious 2030 emissions reduction target of any advanced countryBy 2025,the Energy Systems Operator has a target to operate the transmission network carbon free for short periodsBy 2035,the electricity network needs to operate carbon free all year roundAnd we are making progress:In 2012,coal accounted for 40%of the UKs power generation,dropping to 1.8%in 2020LOWCARBONENERGYTRANSITIONAction Plan for Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomI.PLANNINGAction Plan for Rapid Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomAction Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:Planning“Energy security and net zero are two sides of the same coin”After decades of reliance on imported fossil fuels,the new Department for Energy Security and Net Zeros mission is to replace them with cheaper,cleaner,and domestic sources of energy.Energy security necessarily entails the smooth transition to abundant,low-carbon energy.If we do not decarbonise,we will be less energy secure.Powering Up BritainPlans setting out how the Government will enhance our countrys energy security,seize the economic opportunities of the transition,and deliver on our net zero commitments.The Energy Security PlanSets out the key steps to deliver the ambitions of the British Energy Security Strategy and the Net Zero Strategy to ensure the UK is more energy independent,secure,and resilient.The Net Zero Growth PlanSets out the steps that the Government is taking to ensure the UK is more energy independent,secure,and resilient.POWERINGUPBRITAIN:OVERVIEWUnited KingdomENERGY SECURITY PLAN:KEY ELEMENTSAction Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:PlanningThe Government has committed to achieving fully decarbonised electricity by 2035,subject to security of supply.Demand may grow by up to 60%by the mid-2030s as we electrify transport and heat.By 2035,Britain aims to have among the cheapest wholesale electricity prices in Europe.By 2050,secure,low-cost,and clean electricity will be the predominant form of energy consumption,and a key means of decarbonising other sectors.Though future demand for gas will drop,Britain is still hugely dependent on it in our energy system.We need to maintain a resilient and affordable supply of gas.This means maximising production of UK oil and gas as the North Sea basin declines and building strong international partnerships for both supply and export opportunities.Energy security,in-keeping with climate commitments and existing targets,requires increased energy efficiency and the move away from imported fossil fuels and toward abundant,low-carbon energy.United KingdomNET ZERO GROWTH PLAN:KEY ELEMENTSAction Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:PlanningThe Net Zero Growth Plan focusses on how the UK is bolstering our delivery of Net Zero Growth.This plan:Explores how we can achieve net zero in the most pro-growth,pro-business way.Demonstrates the actions we will take to ensure the UK remains a leader in the net zero transition.Strengthens delivery with a focus on the actions we can take today to keep us on track to meet our carbon budgets,both on a national and local level.Meets our statutory obligations under the Climate Change Act(2008).United KingdomDECARBONISING THE POWER SECTOR:AMBITIONSThe ambition is to fully decarbonise the power system by 2035,subject to security of supply,and to grow and develop energy sources beyond the power sector.This will allow for cheaper and cleaner domestic energy,and address our underlying vulnerability to international fossil fuel prices.Fully decarbonise the power system by 2035,whilst maintaining security of supply.At least one power CCUS project by the mid 2020s.Up to 50 GW of offshore wind by 2030,including 5 GW of floating offshore wind.Up to 70 GW of solar by 2035,made up of rooftop and ground-mounted PV.Up to 24 GW of nuclear by 2035;a final investment decision on a large-scale plant by the next Parliament.H2Double our ambition to up to 10 GW of hydrogen production capacity,with at least 50%from electrolytic projects.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:PlanningUnited KingdomII.BUILDINGAction Plan for Rapid Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomDECARBONISING THEPOWERSECTOR:ACHIEVEMENTSSOFAROverarchingIn 2021,the share of generation from renewables reached 40%(including from bioenergy,wind,and solar),with an additional 15%from nuclear.In 2012,coal accounted for 40%of the UKs power generation,dropping to 1.8%in 2020.Offshore wind price reductions prices in 2022 were 5.8%lower than 2019.Carbon Capture,Utilisation,and Storage(CCUS)Commitment of 1 billion in public investment to decarbonise our industrial clusters.Publication of the shortlist of power CCUS,industrial carbon capture(ICC),waste and CCUS-enabled hydrogen projects in August 2022.RenewablesReached 13.9 GW of offshore wind installed.AR4 will deliver 7 GW more by 2027.Committed up to 320 million for fixed and floating wind ports and infrastructure.14.8 GW of onshore wind installed.14.7 GW of solar PV installed.NuclearLaunched the Great British Nuclear organisation.Invested 700 million for a 50%stake in the Sizewell C nuclear power station.Established a 120 million Future Nuclear Enabling Fund to progress new nuclear technologies.Committed up to 385 million to support the Advanced Modular Reactor innovation programme.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:BuildingUnited KingdomNEXTSTEPS:RENEWABLESOffshore Wind:Aim:Up to 50 GW of offshore wind by 2030,including 5 GW of floating offshore wind.Launching the Floating Offshore Wind Manufacturing Investment Scheme(FLOWMIS),which will provide up to 160 million to kick start investment in port infrastructure projects needed to deliver our floating offshore wind ambitions.Solar:Aim:Up to 70 GW of solar by 2035,made up of rooftop and ground-mounted PV.Establish a solar government-industry taskforce and publish a solar roadmap setting out a clear deployment trajectory.Seeking large scale solar deployment across the UK,mainly on brownfield,industrial,and low/medium grade agricultural land.Simplifying the planning processes for larger commercial and industrial rooftop installations,while also working to facilitate low-cost finance from retail lenders for homes and small business.See Annex for more detailed timelinesAction Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:BuildingSource:Orsted(https:/ KingdomNEXTSTEPS:CARBONCAPTURE,UTILISATION,ANDSTORAGE(CCUS)Aim:At least one power CCUS project by the mid 2020s.Government is making an ambitious series of announcements on CCUS,following up to 20 billion of funding:1.Eight initial Track-1 capture projects with which we are entering into negotiations.2.A process to bring in further projects within the Track-1 clusters by 2030.3.Work to identify if any of these additional projects could be potential alternatives to any of the initial Track-1 projects,if any are unable to agree on contracts within the criteria and timelines required.4.Remain committed to our ambition of 20-30 mtpa of carbon storage and four operational CCUS clusters by 2030,by launching the Track-2 cluster process.5.Further development of Industrial Carbon Capture,Waste,CCUS-enabled Hydrogen,Power CCUS,and engineered GGRs.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:BuildingSee Annex for more detailed timelinesSource:Carbon Capture and Storage Association(https:/www.ccsassociation.org/discover-ccus/ccus-in-action/)United KingdomLaunch of Great British Nuclear(GBN)-Government is committed to a programme of new nuclear projects.-Funded to lead delivery of a programme of new nuclear projects at speed.-Operates through British Nuclear Fuels Limited.Small Modular Reactor(SMR)Selection Process-The priority of GBN is to launch a competitive process to select the best SMR technologies(commenced April 2023).-Second phase(down selection)launched in Summer 2023 with decisions made Autumn 2023.-Launched Nuclear Enabling Fund of up to 120 million to provide targeted support for new nuclear to address barriers to entry.Sizewell C-Progressing the Sizewell C project to the point of a final investment decision in this Parliament,subject to value for money and all relevant approvals.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:BuildingNEXTSTEPS:NUCLEARAim:Up to 24 GW of nuclear by 2035;a final investment decision on a large-scale plant by the next Parliament.See Annex for more detailed timelinesUnited KingdomConfirming the first winning projects from the 240 million Net Zero Hydrogen Fund.Support up to 250 MW of new electrolytic hydrogen production capacity,subject to affordability and value for money with successful projects funded by the government until the hydrogen levy is in place.Announcing intention to launch a second electrolytic allocation round later this year intended to support up to 750 MW capacity,and to publish a hydrogen production delivery roadmap by the end of the year.Aiming to introduce legislative powers crucial to designing new business models by 2025.These actions are key to potentially unlocking up to 11 billion in private investment by 2030,accelerating the UK hydrogen economy,and potentially supporting over 12,000 jobs by 2030.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:BuildingNEXTSTEPS:HYDROGENAim:Double our ambition to up to 10 GW of hydrogen production capacity,with at least 50%from electrolytic projectsSee Annex for more detailed timelinesUnited KingdomIII.OPERATINGAction Plan for Rapid Power Sector DecarbonisationUnited KingdomPOWERNETWORKS,INTERCONNECTION,ANDSYSTEMGOVERNANCEBackground:From July-October 2022,the government held a public consultation on the review of electricity market arrangements,to identify reforms needed to transition to a decarbonised,cost effective,and secure electricity system.Key Commitments Publish an action plan in summer 2023 to accelerate electricity network connections,including reform of the connections process.Introduce guidance on community benefits for network infrastructure later this year,subject to responses to consultation.The Government and Ofgem will consult this summer on the details of the Future System Operators new roles in resilience and security and provide an update on implementation plans.Work with partners to realise an increase in interconnection capacity aiming for at least 18 GW by 2030,over double the current capacity of 8.4 GW.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:OperatingUnited KingdomINTERCONNECTORSIn 2022,Britain exported more power than we imported for the first time,and this is set to increase.The Government is working closely with Ofgem,developers,and our European partners to:Increase the interconnection capacity,with an ambition of realising at least 18 GW by 2030,over double the current capacity of 8.4 GW.Build our first multi-purpose interconnectors.Set out an ambition for interconnection beyond 2030 before spring 2024.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:OperatingUnited KingdomEXAMPLEINTERCONNECTOR:NORTHSEALINK5High Voltage Subsea Electric Cables 720km of cable the worlds longest subsea interconnector1400MW of energy carried1.6MTonnes of CO2saved last year100MTonnes of CO2saved by 20308MHouseholds powered through interconnected energy by 2024The interconnector will allow for excess wind energy to be exported to Norway,and for excess hydropower to be imported to the UK.Action Plan for Power Sector Decarbonisation:OperatingUnited Kingdom*NB:FIGURES DO NOT INCLUDE SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY FORNORTHERNIRELANDHTTPS:/WWW.NATIONALGRIDESO.CO