06_0_Quality_100206.ppt

1,UNIT 6:Quality Management,2,Quality Management,OverviewAmong the three most difficult knowledge areasLack of experience and training in QualityMathematical ConceptsProcess ControlStandard Deviation,3,Quality Management,Processes:Quality PlanningPerform Quality AssurancePerform Quality Control,4,Quality Management,Quality Management“processes required to ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken”.ISO International Organization for StandardsTQM Total Quality ManagementKaizen Continuous Improvement,5,Quality Management,Quality“the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfill requirements”.-PMI,6,Quality Management,Quality vs Grade,Cadillac,Chevrolet,7,Quality Management,Gold Plating?Providing more than is required or specified.If the requirements are accurate,there is no reason to exceed them“Customer should expect and receive exactly what was specified,no more,no less”,8,Quality Management,Quality Management is similar to Project ManagementCustomer SatisfactionPrevention over inspectionManagement ResponsibilitiesProcesses within phases,9,1.Quality Planning,Identifying which standards are relevant to the project and determining how to satisfy them.Quality should be planned in,not inspected in.,10,1.Quality Planning,InputsEnterprise Environmental FactorsStandards(guidelines based on preferred practices,compliance not mandatory)Regulations(mandatory,EX:Fire Safety Codes),11,1.Quality Planning,InputsOrganizational Process AssetsCompany Quality Policy(QA or PMO,Team)If no company Quality Policy,team must develop one for the project,12,1.Quality Planning,InputsProject Scope StatementObjectives,Deliverables and Requirements,Deliverable:Install a water system,Req:Must withstand 100 PSI of water pressure,13,1.Quality Planning,ToolsCost/Benefit analysis,Benefit,Cost,Benefit should outweigh the cost,14,1.Quality Planning,ToolsCost/Benefit analysis,Ex:Auto Defect,15,1.Quality Planning,Tools BenchmarkingBest practicesEx:Software DevelopmentSystem Design ReviewsCode Walkthroughs,16,1.Quality Planning,ToolsDesign of Experiments-,Tires,Suspension System,17,1.Quality Planning,ToolsCost of Quality,Does quality cost anything?,Book wasnt free,was it?,What about the popular book“Quality is Free”?,Total cost of efforts to achieve quality,18,1.Quality Planning,Cost of QualityPrevention(Conformance),Planning,Training,19,1.Quality Planning,Cost of Quality AppraisalDesign ReviewsTesting,Examining,20,1.Quality Planning,Cost of Quality Failure(Non-conformance)ScrapReworkComplaint handling,21,1.Quality Planning,OutputsQuality Management PlanHow quality plan will be implementedResponsibilities and procedures,22,1.Quality Planning,OutputsQuality Metrics(Operational Definitions),How are we going to measure quality?,23,1.Quality Planning,OutputsQuality Checklist,Flight Checklist_,24,2.Perform Quality Assurance,“application of planned activities to ensurethe project will use all the appropriate processes needed to meet project requirements”Ensuring that the quality activities are carried out and evaluating the results to see that they are within acceptable limits.,25,2.Perform Quality Assurance,InputsQuality Management PlanDescribes how Quality Assurance should be performedQuality Control MeasurementsTesting records How many bugs are we finding in the SW,26,2.Perform Quality Assurance,ToolsQuality planning tools and techniques(Same tools for quality planning)Quality AuditsTo identify inefficient processesPurpose is to prevent defects from occurringMay be random or scheduled,27,2.Perform Quality Assurance,ToolsQuality Control Tools and TechniquesTesting and ValidationCause and Effect DiagramsControl ChartsPareto Chartsetc,28,2.Perform Quality Assurance,OutputRecommended Corrective ActionsQuality Improvement should be the result of corrective actions taken,Software Development:Continuing to experience excessive bugs in the coded software.Have reviewer to signoff on code reviews to increase accountability.,29,2.Perform Quality Assurance,Other key pointsQuality EvaluationFormative(Quality Audit)Done during project executionPurpose is to make correctionsSummative(Quality Improvement)Done after the project completionFor documenting Lessons Learned,30,2.Perform Quality Assurance,Other key pointsQuality responsibilityTask:person assignedProject:Project Manager,31,3.Perform Quality Control,IncludesMonitor project resultsSW:TestingCompliance with relevant standardsSW:Bugs per x lines of codeEliminating causes of unsatisfactory resultsSW:More accountability on code walkthroughs,32,3.Perform Quality Control,TermsPreventionProactive Keeping errors out of the processInspectionReactiveKeeping errors away from the customer,33,3.Perform Quality Control,TermsAttribute SamplingResult conforms or does not conform Go/No GoVariables SamplingRefers to the degree of conformity,34,3.Perform Quality Control,TermsSpecial CausesUnusual causes Ex:Space Shuttle O-Ring failure.Low TemperatureRandom CausesStyrofoam striking tiles causing shuttle disaster,35,3.Perform Quality Control,TermsTolerancesControl limitsProcess Control Charts,36,3.Perform Quality Control,Inputs(all previously described)Quality Management PlanQuality MetricsQuality ChecklistOrganizational Process Assets,37,3.Perform Quality Control,ToolsCause and Effect Diagram Fishbone Diagram(See Handout Page 52),38,3.Perform Quality Control,ToolsProcess Control ChartsA graphic,time phased display of process results.Measures the capability of a process.Often referred to as the“Voice of the Process”.Used to determine if a process is out-of-control.,39,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).Processing of Bank Checks,Bank#Acct#,40,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,High Speed Sorter,R,NY,LA,41,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,876543210,42,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,876543210,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,43,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,20876543210,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,44,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,20876543210,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,Average,45,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,20876543210,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,Average,Calculate Standard Deviation,46,3.Perform Quality Control,Use of Process Control Charts(Example).,20876543210,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,x,Average,Apply Normal Distribution,47,