2010年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 (1).pdf

2010 年天津市高考英语试卷解析版年天津市高考英语试卷解析版 参考答案与试题解析参考答案与试题解析 第一节：单项填空（共第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题：每小题小题：每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 15 分）从分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，四个选项中，选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 例：选 出 可 以 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 例：Standoverthereyoullbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while 答案是答案是 B 1（1 分）He telephoned the travel agency to three air tickets to London（）Aorder Barrange Ctake Dbook【考点】35：名词的词义辨析菁优网版权所有【分析】他打电话给旅行社订了三张去伦敦的机票【解答】答案；D order命令，订购arrange安排，布置；take拿走，带走；book预定book 和 order都表示预定，区别在于动宾搭配不同book 一般是订票，座位，房间等order 一般是订货物，菜，衣物等，根据句意，订三张机票，故选 D【点评】本题考查的是动词词义的辨析，熟悉同义词之间的区别选择出正确选项 2（1 分）Excuse me，I wonder if you can help me？Sure？（）AWhat help BWhat is this CWhat is it DWhat do you want【考点】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】打扰一下，我想知道你能否帮我一下？当然可以，什么事？【解答】答案 C选项 A What help？怎么办？选项 B What is this？这是什么？选项 C What is it？什么事？选项 D What do you want？你想要什么？根据句意故选 C【点评】本题难度适中交际用语的考查要放在上下文语境中理解运用，提醒考生平时加强背诵短语的意义及用法特别留心英语表达习惯与中文表达习惯有较大差异的日常用语 3（1 分）James took the magazines off the little table to make for the television（）Aroom Barea Cfield Dposition【考点】35：名词的词义辨析菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：詹姆斯把杂志从小桌子上拿走为电视腾出地方【解答】答案：Amake room for为腾出地方；area面积，地域；field田野，领域；position位置，职务根据句意，詹姆斯从桌上拿走杂志是为电视腾出地方 故选：A【点评】本题考查了短语的固定搭配要熟悉 make room for为腾出地方这个短语的使用 4（1 分）We on this project for four hoursLets have a rest（）Aare working Bhave been working Cworked Dhad worked【考点】EA：现在完成进行时菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：我们一直在做这个项目已 4 个小时让我们休息一下吧【解答】答案 B句中时间状语for four hours通常与现在完成时连用，排除 A、C 和D 选项分析语境Lets have a rest可知，我们一直在做工作，说明work on the project动作在过去就已经开始，一直持续到现在，因此用现在完成进行时，故选：B【点评】本题考查时态的用法解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，分析上下文的语境，判断时态，锁定答案 5（1 分）People have always been about exactly how life on earth began（）Acurious Bexcited Canxious Dcareful【考点】64：形容词词意辨析菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：人们对地球上生命是如何起源的感到很好奇【解答】答案：A curious好奇的；excited兴奋的；anxious担忧的，焦虑的；careful小心的根据句意，人们对生命的起源是感到好奇be curious about对好奇故选 A【点评】本题考查的是形容词词义的辨析以及固定短语的搭配，如 be curious about对好奇 6（1 分）in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum（）AAnything BNothing CEverything DSomething【考点】54：不定代词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：在我一生中，没有哪件事情可以像我第一次参观故宫一样令我印象深刻【解 答】答 案 B Anything任 何 事，Nothing没 有 什 么，Everything一 切，Something一些事soas 和一样，根据句意没有哪件事情可以像我第一次参观故宫一样令我印象深刻故选 B【点评】本题考查不定代词的用法，要结合具体语境选择正确答案 7（1 分）Professor Johnson，Im afraid I cant finish the report within this week How about next week？（）AGood for you BIt wont bother me CNot at all DThats OK【考点】JI：语言交际菁优网版权所有【分析】约翰孙教授，这周内我恐怕不能完成这个报告没关系，那下周呢？【解答】答案 D选项 A Good for you 对你有好处；选项 B It wont bother me 不会打扰到我；选项 C Not at all 没关系，用于道谢时的答语；选项 D Thats OK 没关系 故选：D【点评】做这类题目，可以通过句意以及选项的意义、用法来作出选择 8（1 分）Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut？You should try the barbers I goIts only$15（）Aas Bwhich Cwhere Dthat【考点】7A：关系副词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：你能相信我理发付了 30 美元吗？你应该到我去的理发店，那里只要 15 美元【解答】答案：C，这里用 where 或者 to which go 在此做不及物动词 缺少介词（to）所以应该用 where，如果把句子改一下 the barber 做宾语，就用 to which the barbers（which）I go to，或者 the barbers （to which）I go动词后的介词可以提前 故选：C【点评】选择定语从句的关系词主要是看后面的从句部分是否缺少成分，如果缺少主语、宾语或者表语，一般用关系代词，如果缺少状语，则用关系副词 9（1 分）Mark have hurriedAfter driving at top speedhe arrived half an hour early（）Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dcouldnt【考点】A6：情态动词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：马克没必要着急，在全速行驶后，他早到了半个小时【解答】答案 Aneednt have done 表示本来不必做某事而做了；would have done 用于对过去的事情进行虚拟；mustnt 禁止，不能表示推测；must have done 过去肯定做了某事；couldnt have done 不可能做了某事根据句意，马克早到了两个小时，说明他没必要那么着急，故选 A【点评】本题是基础题，考查的是情态动词+have done 的用法，熟悉相关情态动词的用法并结合句意，才能选择出正确选项 10（1 分）Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo（）Aare exhibiting Bis exhibiting Care being exhibited Dis being exhibited【考点】F6：一般现在时的被动语态菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：天津传统民间艺术品，像剪纸，正在 2010 年上海世博会文化展展出【解答】本题考查主谓一致和时态语态句中的主语为 Traditional folk arts，所以谓语动词形式用复数，根据句意天津传统民间艺术品，像剪纸，正在 2010 年上海世博会文化展展出可知用进行时的被动形式【点评】考查时态语态以及主谓一致时，要分析主语的单复数，句中所表达的时态，以及主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系 11（1 分）Joining the firm as a clerk，he got rapid promotion，and_as a manager（）Aended up Bdropped out Ccame back Dstarted off【考点】A9：动词短语菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：作为一个职员进入那家公司，他很快得到了提升，最终做了经理【解答】答案：A end up以.结束；drop out退出，退学；come back回来；start off出发，动身，开始根据句意：end up as最终成为，他快速得到提升，由职员最终成为经理故选 A【点评】本题是基础题，考查动词短语以及固定搭配 end up as最终成为，考生需要熟悉短语的意思并结合具体的语境进行选择 12（1 分）It rained heavily in the south，_ serious flooding in several provinces（）Acaused Bhaving caused Ccausing Dto cause【考点】B3：现在分词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾【解 答】答 案 C 分 析 句 子 结 构 可 知，It rained heavily in the south是 主 句，serious flooding in several provinces 应该是非谓语动词形式，主句主语it与cause是主动关系，因此应该用现在分词，故排除 A 和 D 项B 项是现在分词的完成式，表示造成几个省区造成严重洪灾动作先于下大雨，因果关系不符这里用现在分词的一般式作结果状语，表示由因rain heavily造成果causing serious flooding，动作同时发生因此 C 项符合，故选：C【点评】本题考查非谓动词用法解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析句子结构，判断是谓语还是非谓语，如果是分词做状语的时候，看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式 13（1 分）My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists（）Aby Bon Cfor Dagainst【考点】89：其他介词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：我的父亲警告我不要去西部海岸，因为那里有许多旅行者【解答】答案：D warn sb of sth 警告某人做某事；warn sb against sth/doing sth 表示警告某人不要做某事 故选：D【点评】本题难度适中固定短语是近几年高考的热点，主要考查对于它们不同的意义对应不同的搭配，因此需要考生牢记它们的意义及搭配，分析句意，从而作出正确判断 14（1 分）As a new graduate，he doesnt know it takes to start a business here（）Ahow Bwhat CWhen Dwhich【考点】58：连接代词菁优网版权所有【分析】句意为：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道在这里创业需要具备什么【解答】答案 B，what it takes to start a business here 是 what 引出名词从句做 know 的宾语，而在宾语从句中 what 作 takes 的宾语，因为是特殊疑问词，所以在从句中必须放在句首【点评】常用的句型：It takes something to do something，意思是做某事需要花费 15（1 分）John went to the hospital alone If he me about it，I would have gone with him（）Ashould tell Btells Ctold Dhad told【考点】E9：过去完成时菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：约翰独自一人去了医院 如果他早点告诉我，我会与他一起去的【解答】答案 D根据句意和语境分析，John 独自去医院这个动作go to the hospital发生在过去，而如果他之前早点告诉我tell me about it应该是发生在去医院这个动作之前，即过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时【点评】本题考查时态的用法解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，分析上下文的语境，判断时态，锁定答案 第二节：完形填空（共第二节：完形填空（共 1 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 1.5 分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从意，然后从 16-35 各题所给的各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项四个选项中，选出最佳选项 16（30 分）Robert Moody，52，is an experienced police officerMuch of his work involves dealing with（16）drugan gang（团 伙）problems in the schools of his communityKnowing that many kids often（17）ranintotrouble，he decided to do something about itSo in 1991 he began to invite small groups of kids to go fishing with him on his day（18）off Those fun trips had a（n）（19）lastingimpactA chance encounter in 2000proved thatOne day，（20）whileworking security at a school basketball game，Moody noticed two young guys（21）quarrelingHe sensed trouble between them（22）Suddenlyone of them headed toward Moody and gave him a hugI（23）rememberyouYou took me （24）fishingwhen I was in fifth gradeThat was one of the（25）bestdays of my life Deeply touched by the boys word，Moody decided to create a foundation（基金会）that（26）introducesteenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs As a policeman，I saw（27）wherethere was violence，drugs were always behind itThey have a damaging （28）impacton the kids，says Moody By turning kids on to fishing，he（29）intendedto present an alternative way of life，When youre sitting there waiting for a （30）bite，he says，you cant help but talk to each other，and such （31）conversationscan be pretty deep Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressures in high school，says Michelle，17who（32）participatedinthe first programAnd I was able to help my little brother（33）avoiddrugs Moody faces 34in three years，when he hopes to run the foundation fulltimeIm living a happy life and I have a responsibility to my 35to give back，Moody saysIf I teach a kid to fish today，he can teach his brother to fish tomorrow 16Adrinking Bdrug Csecurity Dsmoking 17Aran into Bgot over Cleft behind Dlooked into 18Aahead Baway Coff Dout 19Aimmediate Bdamaging Climited Dlasting 20Aonce Bwhile Csince Duntil 21Aquarreling Bcomplaining Ctalking Dcheering 22ASlowly BSuddenly CFinally DSecretly 23Aunderstand Bhear Csee Dremember 24Afishing Bsailing Cboating Dswimming 25Aquietest Blongest Cbest Dbusiest 26Aconnects Bintroduces Creduces Dcommits 27Awhere Bunless Cas Dwhether 28Aimpression Bburden Cdecision Dimpact 29Aasked Bintended Cpretended Dagreed 30Asolution Bchange Cbite Dsurprise 31Aconcerns Binterests Cconversations Demotions 32Aparticipated in Bworked out Capproved of Dmade up 33Amisuse Bavoid Ctolerate Dtest 34Aunemployment Bchallenge Ccompetition Dretirement 35Ateam Bschool Cfamily Dcommunity【考点】L1：记叙文菁优网版权所有【分析】本文是一篇记叙文一位有经验的警察罗伯特穆迪，利用业余时间和管辖区校园内的问题少年（主要是吸毒和流氓团伙）结伴钓鱼，创立野营基金会，锻炼孩子们的耐心和责任感，培养人际交往等，使得孩子们逐渐远离了毒品，最后形成良性循环，互相影响，走上正途【解答】16B 考查名词辨析 根据下文的 drugswere always behind it 和 Talking about drugs helped prepare me for the peer（同龄人）pressuresin high school 可以确定，此处是指毒品，吸毒故选 B 17A 考查动词词组辨析 由空格后的 trouble，和句意可知此处是指很多小孩陷入困境之中故选 A 18C 考查副词辨析既然前面说阻止小孩去钓鱼，一般应该是休班、休假的日子（off 表示关闭，好像开关的 off 键，表示不工作了，即为休息的意思），故选 C 19D 考查形容词辨析从上文的 1991 到下文的 2000，可以看出 RobertMoody 警官的钓鱼教育法有着持久的影响故选 D 20B 考查连词辨析从上下句的逻辑关系看，空格所在的句子，表示时间，意思是在的时候，其他几个词虽然都可以表示时间，但意思不合题意故选 B 21A 考查动词辨析从下文的 Hesensed trouble between them可以判断，那两个人是在吵架故选 A 22B 考查副词辨析根据句意可知，在 RobertMoody 警官意识到要出乱子的时候，突然发生了下面的事情对 RobertMoody 警官来说有点意外故选 B 23D 考查动词辨析因为下文提到是五年级带着去钓鱼，所用用 remember 比较恰当故选 D 24A 考查名词辨析重要的名词概念会在文中反复出现文章主题是罗伯特穆迪通过钓鱼的方式帮助孩子们fishing 为文中的核心名词故选 A 25C 考查形容词最高级既然记得那么清楚，说明那天对他来说很重要，所以用best 26B 考查动词辨析根据此段讲此项目的意图可知，罗伯特穆迪决定创立基金会去把孩子们引导过来指导他们钓鱼故选 B 27A 考查疑问副词辨析由句子结构和句意可知，where 引导地点状语吵架，意思是在有暴力的地方，其后也总有毒品故选 A 28D 考查名词辨析havean impact on 是一个固定短语，意思是对有影响上文19 空处有这个短语故选 D 29B 考查动词辨析通过让孩子们参加钓鱼项目，他目的是让孩子们能够有另外一种生活方式此空表示意图，用 intended 合适故选 B 30C 考查名词辨析 此处是钓鱼术语，等待鱼儿上钩故选 C 31C 考查名词辨析与前面的 talkto each other 意义一致故选 C 32A 考查动词短语辨析participatedin加入，参加；worked out解出，制定，锻炼；approvedof赞同；made up编造，组成 对项目理解的如此透彻，一定是参与过项目的人故选 A 33B 考查动词辨析根据句意可知，谈论毒品能帮我做好应对高中同龄人带来压力的准备工作，我也能去帮我弟弟摆脱毒品 既然前面是 help，应该是好的方面，所以用 avoid 表示避免故选 B 34D 考查名词辨析 根据后面的 whenhe hopes to run the foundation fulltime说明他不做工作才能全职管理基金，因此可判断是三年后，退休故选 D 35D 考查名词辨析开头提到他的工作是解决社区学校的毒品和团伙问题，中间讲了他做了一系列的工作，结尾总结升华，他做到了，回报了社区首尾呼应，名词复现了故选 D【点评】答题前一定要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意前后段落之间的关系答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯 第二部分：阅读理解（共第二部分：阅读理解（共 4 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 50 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项四个选项中，选出最佳选项 17（12.5 分）（1）A visitor can apply for a free audio tourC Ain the Courtyard Bin the State Apartments Cat the Admission Center Dat St Georges Chapel（2）What is specially offered to visitors with kids？D AA security guard BA pushchair CA free toy DA baby carrier（3）Who can get reentry permits？A AVisitors wishing to eat outside the Castle BVisitors buying gifts in the castle shops CVisitors buying water from the Courtyard DVisitors eating outside St Georges Chapel（4）Why arc visitors required to turn off their mobile phones？C ATo ensure the safety of others BTo ensure the security of the Castle CTo prevent them from disturbing others DTo prevent the use of the builtin cameras（5）In the last part，aworking royal palacerefers to oneB Astill being constructed Bstill used by the royal family Cwhere the Queen usually works Dwhere works of art are on show【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理菁优网版权所有【分析】欢迎来到世界上最古老，最壮观并且还有人居住的温莎城堡（Windsor Castle）女王有时会待在这里，是其官邸之一 游客可以选择语音导览或由导游带领参观 可以为携带小孩的游客提供婴儿车 建议在 310 月的午后三点到达城堡的游客参观圣乔治教堂（StGeorges Chapel）可购物，有点心 在城堡里可以进行非商业性质的拍摄但是，在国家公寓或圣乔治教堂里，不仅不可以拍摄，手机还要关机 由于城堡是皇家工作场所，出于安全的考虑，为游客设计的是一条单向参观线路【解答】36C细节理解题根据题干中的 audio tour 定位到 Audio tours 标题下，由第一句中的the Admission Center 可知，在入口处可免费获得语音导览器故选 C 37D细节理解题根据题干中的 visitors with kids 定位到 Visitors with babies 标题下，由最后一句baby carriers are available to borrow可知，婴儿车可借故选 D 38A细节理解题根据题干中的 reentry permits 定位到 Refreshments 标题下，由第三句 Visitors wishing to leave the castle for refreshments in the town may abtain reentry permits from the castle shops可知，想在外就餐的游客需获得再进许可故选 A 39C细节理解题根据题干中的 mobile phones 定位到 Photography and mobile phones标题下，由最后一句 Mobile phones must be switched off in consideration of other visitors可知，关机是出于对其他游客的考虑，不打扰他们turn off 与 switch off 意为关闭，in consideration of 意为考虑故选 C 40B词义猜测题根据划线短语的后一句可知，游客与其行李实行机场级别的安全检查由此可推知此处是皇室所待之所第一段中最后一句 Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen，who sometimes stays there可知，女王有时会待在这里，城堡是其官邸之一C 选项中的 usually经常与原文中 sometimes有时，间或不符，故排除故选 B【点评】细节理解题可抓住题干中的关键词到原文中去找寻答案词义猜测题可根据语境推断其意 18（12.5 分）Why play games？Because they are fun，and a 1ot more besidesFollowing the rulesplanning your next moveacting as a team memberthese are allgameideas that you will come across throughout your life Think about some off the games you played as a young child，such as ropejumping and hideandseekSuch games are entertaining and funBut perhaps more importantly，they translate life into exciting dramasthat teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives，such as taking turns and cooperating（合作）Many childrens games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown ups For instance，some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bonesWhich sharpens the handeye coordination（协调）needed in hunting Many sports encourage national or local prideThe most famous games of all，the Olympic Games，bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competitionPeople who watch the event wave flags，knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country，not just the athlete who earned itFor countries experiencing natural disa sters or war，an Olympic win can mean so much Sports are also an event that unites people Soccer is the most popular sport in the world People on all continents play it some for fun and some for a living Nicolette Iribarne，a Californian soccer player，has discovered a way to spread hope through soccerHe created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future Next time you play your favorite game or sport，think about why you enjoy it，what skills are needed，and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life 41Through playing hideandseek，children are expected to learn toB Abe a team leader Bobey the basic rules Cact as a grownup Dpredict possible danger 42The underlined part in Paragraph 2most probably means that games canC Adescribe life in an exciting way Bturn reallife experiences into a play Cmake learning life skills more interesting Dchange peoples views of sporting events 43According to the passage，why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging？A AIt inspires peoples deep love for the country BIt proves the exceptional skills of the winners CIt helps the country out of natural disasters DIt earns the winners fame and fortune 44Iribarnes goal of forming the foundation is toC Abring fun to poor kids Bprovide soccer balls for children Cgive poor kids a chance for a better life Dappeal to soccer players to help poor kids 45What can be inferred from the passage？A AGamed benefit people all their lives BSports can get all athletes together CPeople are advised to play games for fun DSports increase a countrys competitiveness【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P4：逻辑推理菁优网版权所有【分析】本文主要解析为什么玩游戏？因为它们不单单是有趣的还会教给你一些人生中需要遵从的规则或是技巧下次当你在玩你最喜欢的游戏或是运动时，考虑一下为什么你喜欢它，都需要什么技巧，是否这些技巧会在你生活的其他方面帮助你【解答】41答案：B细节理解题从第二段中Think about some of the games you played as a young child，such as ropejumping and hideandseekSuch games are entertaining and funBut perhaps more importantly，they translate life into exciti