PMBOK 2008英文正式版(可复制).pdf

An American National StandardANSI/PMI 99-001-2008Project Management InstituteA Guide to the Project MAnAGeMent Body of KnowledGe(PMBOK Guide)Fourth EditionThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.ISBN:978-1-933890-51-7Published by:Project Management Institute,Inc.14 Campus Boulevard Newtown Square,Pennsylvania 19073-3299 USA.Phone:+610-356-4600 Fax:+610-356-4647 E-mail:customercarepmi.orgInternet:www.PMI.org/Marketplace2008 Project Management Institute,Inc.All rights reserved.“PMI”,the PMI logo,“PMP”,the PMP logo,“PMBOK”,“PgMP”,“Project Management Journal”,“PM Network”,and the PMI Today logo are registered marks of Project Management Institute,Inc.The Quarter Globe Design is a trademark of the Project Management Institute,Inc.For a comprehensive list of PMI marks,contact the PMI Legal Department.PMI Publications welcomes corrections and comments on its books.Please feel free to send comments on typographical,formatting,or other errors.Simply make a copy of the relevant page of the book,mark the error,and send it to:Book Editor,PMI Publications,14 Campus Boulevard,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA.To inquire about discounts for resale or educational purposes,please contact the PMI Book Service Center.PMI Book Service Center P.O.Box 932683,Atlanta,GA 31193-2683 USA Phone:1-866-276-4764(within the U.S.or Canada)or+1-770-280-4129(globally)Fax:+1-770-280-4113 E-mail:book.orderspmi.orgPrinted in the United States of America.No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,manual,photocopying,recording,or by any information storage and retrieval system,without prior written permission of the publisher.The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization(Z39.481984).10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Cert no.SW-COC-001530This copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.noticeThe Project Management Institute,Inc.(PMI)standards and guideline publications,of which the document contained herein is one,are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process.This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication.While PMI administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus,it does not write the document and it does not independently test,evaluate,or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications.PMI disclaims liability for any personal injury,property or other damages of any nature whatsoever,whether special,indirect,consequential or compensatory,directly or indirectly resulting from the publication,use of application,or reliance on this document.PMI disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty,expressed or implied,as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein,and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs.PMI does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide.In publishing and making this document available,PMI is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity,nor is PMI undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else.Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or,as appropriate,seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources,which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication.PMI has no power,nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document.PMI does not certify,test,or inspect products,designs,or installations for safety or health purposes.Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to PMI and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement.This copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.This copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.IA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USATable of ConTenTsPreface to the fourth edItIon.XXIISectIon I-the Project ManageMent fraMework.1chaPter 1-IntroductIon.31.1 Purpose of the PMBOK Guide .41.2 what is a Project?.51.3 what is Project Management?.61.4 relationships among Project Management,Program Management,and Portfolio Management.71.4.1 Portfolio Management.81.4.2 Program Management.91.4.3 Projects and Strategic Planning.101.4.4 Project Management office.111.5 Project Management and operations Management.121.6 role of a Project Manager.131.7 Project Management Body of knowledge.131.8 enterprise environmental factors.14chaPter 2-Project LIfe cycLe and organIzatIon.152.1 the Project Life cycleoverview.152.1.1 characteristics of the Project Life cycle.162.1.2 Product vs.Project Life cycle relationships.182.1.3 Project Phases.182.2 Projects vs.operational work.222.3 Stakeholders.232.4 organizational Influences on Project Management.272.4.1 organizational cultures and Styles.272.4.2 organizational Structure.282.4.3 organizational Process assets.32This copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.IIA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USASectIon II-the Standard for Project ManageMent of a Project.35chaPter 3-Project ManageMent ProceSSeS for a Project.373.1 common Project Management Process Interactions.393.2 Project Management Process groups.413.3 Initiating Process group.443.3.1 develop Project charter.453.3.2 Identify Stakeholders.463.4 Planning Process group.463.4.1 develop Project Management Plan.483.4.2 collect requirements.493.4.3 define Scope.493.4.4 create wBS.493.4.5 define activities.503.4.6 Sequence activities.503.4.7 estimate activity resources.503.4.8 estimate activity durations.513.4.9 develop Schedule.513.4.10 estimate costs.523.4.11 determine Budget.523.4.12 Plan Quality.523.4.13 develop human resource Plan.533.4.14 Plan communications.533.4.15 Plan risk Management.533.4.16 Identify risks.543.4.17 Perform Qualitative risk analysis.543.4.18 Perform Quantitative risk analysis.543.4.19 Plan risk responses .553.4.20 Plan Procurements.553.5 executing Process group.553.5.1 direct and Manage Project execution .573.5.2 Perform Quality assurance.573.5.3 acquire Project team.57taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.IIIA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA3.5.4 develop Project team.583.5.5 Manage Project team.583.5.6 distribute Information.583.5.7 Manage Stakeholder expectations.593.5.8 conduct Procurements.593.6 Monitoring and controlling Process group.593.6.1 Monitor and control Project work.613.6.2 Perform Integrated change control.613.6.3 Verify Scope.613.6.4 control Scope.623.6.5 control Schedule.623.6.6 control costs.623.6.7 Perform Quality control.633.6.8 report Performance.633.6.9 Monitor and control risks.633.6.10 administer Procurements.643.7 closing Process group.643.7.1 close Project or Phase.653.7.2 close Procurements.65SectIon III-the Project ManageMent knowLedge areaS.67Introduction.69data flow diagrams.69chaPter 4-Project IntegratIon ManageMent.714.1 develop Project charter.734.1.1 develop Project charter:Inputs.754.1.2 develop Project charter:tools and techniques.774.1.3 develop Project charter:outputs.774.2 develop Project Management Plan.784.2.1 develop Project Management Plan:Inputs.784.2.2 develop Project Management Plan:tools and techniques.814.2.3 develop Project Management Plan:outputs.81taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.IVA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA4.3 direct and Manage Project execution.834.3.1 direct and Manage Project execution:Inputs.854.3.2 direct and Manage Project execution:tools and techniques.864.3.3 direct and Manage Project execution:outputs.874.4 Monitor and control Project work.894.4.1 Monitor and control Project work:Inputs.904.4.2 Monitor and control Project work:tools and techniques.924.4.3 Monitor and control Project work:outputs.924.5 Perform Integrated change control.934.5.1 Perform Integrated change control:Inputs.974.5.2 Perform Integrated change control:tools and techniques.984.5.3 Perform Integrated change control:outputs.984.6 close Project or Phase.994.6.1 close Project or Phase:Inputs.1014.6.2 close Project or Phase:tools and techniques.1014.6.3 close Project or Phase:outputs.101chaPter 5-Project ScoPe ManageMent.1035.1 collect requirements.1055.1.1 collect requirements:Inputs.1065.1.2 collect requirements:tools and techniques.1075.1.3 collect requirements:outputs.1095.2 define Scope.1125.2.1 define Scope:Inputs.1135.2.2 define Scope:tools and techniques.1145.2.3 define Scope:outputs.1155.3 create wBS.1165.3.1 create wBS:Inputs.1175.3.2 create wBS:tools and techniques.1185.3.3 create wBS:outputs.1215.4 Verify Scope.1235.4.1 Verify Scope:Inputs.1245.4.2 Verify Scope:tools and techniques.1245.4.3 Verify Scope:outputs.125taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.VA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA5.5 control Scope.1255.5.1 control Scope:Inputs.1265.5.2 control Scope:tools and techniques.1275.5.3 control Scope:outputs.128chaPter 6-Project tIMe ManageMent.1296.1 define activities.1336.1.1 define activities:Inputs.1346.1.2 define activities:tools and techniques.1346.1.3 define activities:outputs.1356.2 Sequence activities.1366.2.1 Sequence activities:Inputs.1376.2.2 Sequence activities:tools and techniques.1386.2.3 Sequence activities:outputs.1416.3 estimate activity resources.1416.3.1 estimate activity resources:Inputs.1436.3.2 estimate activity resources:tools and techniques.1446.3.3 estimate activity resources:outputs.1456.4 estimate activity durations.1466.4.1 estimate activity durations:Inputs.1476.4.2 estimate activity durations:tools and techniques.1496.4.3 estimate activity durations:outputs.1516.5 develop Schedule.1526.5.1 develop Schedule:Inputs.1536.5.2 develop Schedule:tools and techniques.1546.5.3 develop Schedule:outputs.1576.6 control Schedule.1606.6.1 control Schedule:Inputs.1616.6.2 control Schedule:tools and techniques.1626.6.3 control Schedule:outputs.163chaPter 7-Project coSt ManageMent.1657.1 estimate costs.1687.1.1 estimate costs:Inputs.169taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.VIA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA7.1.2 estimate costs:tools and techniques.1717.1.3 estimate costs:outputs.1747.2 determine Budget.1747.2.1 determine Budget:Inputs.1757.2.2 determine Budget:tools and techniques.1777.2.3 determine Budget:outputs.1787.3 control costs.1797.3.1 control costs:Inputs.1817.3.2 control costs:tools and techniques.1817.3.3 control costs:outputs.187chaPter 8-Project QuaLIty ManageMent.1898.1 Plan Quality.1928.1.1 Plan Quality:Inputs.1938.1.2 Plan Quality:tools and techniques.1958.1.3 Plan Quality:outputs.2008.2 Perform Quality assurance.2018.2.1 Perform Quality assurance:Inputs.2038.2.2 Perform Quality assurance:tools and techniques.2048.2.3 Perform Quality assurance:outputs.2058.3 Perform Quality control.2068.3.1 Perform Quality control:Inputs.2078.3.2 Perform Quality control:tools and techniques.2088.3.3 Perform Quality control:outputs.213chaPter 9-Project huMan reSource ManageMent.2159.1 develop human resource Plan.2189.1.1 develop human resource Plan:Inputs.2199.1.2 develop human resource Plan:tools and techniques.2209.1.3 develop human resource Plan:outputs.2229.2 acquire Project team.2259.2.1 acquire Project team:Inputs.2269.2.2 acquire Project team:tools and techniques.2279.2.3 acquire Project team:outputs.229taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.VIIA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA9.3 develop Project team.2299.3.1 develop Project team:Inputs.2319.3.2 develop Project team:tools and techniques.2329.3.3 develop Project team:outputs.2359.4 Manage Project team.2369.4.1 Manage Project team:Inputs.2379.4.2 Manage Project team:tools and techniques.2389.4.3 Manage Project team:outputs.241chaPter 10-Project coMMunIcatIonS ManageMent.24310.1 Identify Stakeholders.24610.1.1 Identify Stakeholders:Inputs.24710.1.2 Identify Stakeholders:tools and techniques.24810.1.3 Identify Stakeholders:outputs.25010.2 Plan communications.25110.2.1 Plan communications:Inputs.25310.2.2 Plan communications:tools and techniques.25310.2.3 Plan communications:outputs.25610.3 distribute Information.25810.3.1 distribute Information:Inputs.25910.3.2 distribute Information:tools and techniques.26010.3.3 distribute Information:outputs.26010.4 Manage Stakeholder expectations.26110.4.1 Manage Stakeholder expectations:Inputs.26310.4.2 Manage Stakeholder expectations:tools and techniques.26410.4.3 Manage Stakeholder expectations:outputs.26510.5 report Performance.26610.5.1 report Performance:Inputs.26710.5.2 report Performance:tools and techniques.26810.5.3 report Performance:outputs.270chaPter 11-Project rISk ManageMent.27311.1 Plan risk Management.27611.1.1 Plan risk Management:Inputs.278taBLe of contentSThis copy is a PMI member benefit,not for distribution,sale or reproduction.VIIIA Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide)Fourth Edition2008 Project Management Institute,14 Campus Blvd.,Newtown Square,PA 19073-3299 USA11.1.2 Plan risk Management:tools and techniques.27911.1.3 Plan risk Management:outputs.27911.2 Identify risks.28211.2.1 Identify risks:Inputs.28411.2.2 Identify risks:tools and techniques.28611.2.3 Identify risks:outputs.28811.3 Perform Qualitative risk analysis.28911.3.1 Perform Qualitative risk analysis:Inputs.29011.3.2