23老王管综—模考英语二八套卷.pdf

52023专硕考研挑灯成硕英语（二）八套卷挑灯成硕英语（二）冲刺八套卷挑灯跟学，助你成硕！绝密启用前全国硕士研究生招生考试挑灯成硕英语二预测卷（一）(科目代码：204)考生注意事项1答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生姓名和考生编号：在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，贵任由考生自负。3选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题纸指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域泻的答案无效：在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。4填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔或者钢笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚：涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生编号考生姓名官方微博/微信公众号/知乎：挑灯成硕备考咨询微信：bazhu250第1页挑灯成硕英语（二）冲刺八套卷挑灯跟学，助你成硕！1.AtoleratedBneglectedCnoticedDcontended2.AfriskyBindifferentCangryDlive3.AbranchesBstemsCleavesDberries4.AalterBaffectCbotherDaspire5.Ain briefBin turnCin additionDin fact6.AentitledBinvolvedCassociatedDassigned7.AgoneBbidCpickedDturned8.AowesBtransfersCcontributesDcompares9.AforBofCtowardsDagainstl0.【AintelligentBindependentCindustriousDconfident11.ArareBpopularCspecialDunusual12.AAccording toBRather thanCRegardless ofDAlong with13.AmaterialBcompoundCcellDsequence14.ASinceBWithCBeforeDAfter15.AacceptableBpermissiveCadmirableDacquisitive16.AdeliveredBcarriedCperformedDapplied17.AbutBandCuntilDstill18.Aturned onBturned upCturned outDturned over19.AhinderBfosterCsubsidizeDmaintain20.AartisticBdimCcolorfulDartificialSection IReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)官方微博/微信公众号/知乎：挑灯成硕备考咨询微信：bazhu250第3页挑灯成硕英语（二）冲刺八套卷挑灯跟学，助你成硕！Text 1Once the rockets are up,who cares where they come down?Thats not my department,said Wernher von Braun,the pioneer rocket scientist who worked after 1945,with equalenthusiasm,for NASA.Now a rather different mathematician,Hannah Fry,has called for aHippocratic Oath for scientists and technologists to help them carry constantly in their mindsthe ethical consequences of their work.This is a proposal that deserves serious consideration:ifit achieves nothing else,it will help to dispel the idea that technologies like softwaredevelopment are in themselves morally neutral,so that ethics,or morality,can be dealt with bysomeone else.Those who send the rockets up need to think carefully about where they mightcome down.There are three obvious issues with her plan.The first is Whose ethics?Whichrationality?There is no single,universal code of ethics to which all scientists around the worldsubscribe and the wars of the 20th century show how quickly many could be recruited toweapons research in the name of defending civilization.And absolute pacifism has not been afeature of earlier efforts at scientific ethics.The philosopher Karl Popper proposed in 1969,anoath for all students of science;even then,he could,and did,justify some work on nuclearweapons.The second problem is the extreme difficulty of foreseeing the uses to which pure researchcan be put.There have been a few occasions in recent times when scientists have drawn backfrom research until some at least of the ethical consequences of its application have becomeclearer:the suspension of genetic engineering in the Asilomar conference is the most celebrated.But fundamental research has uses far beyond the imagination of the people who carry it out.No one could blame Alan Turing for YouTubes role in stirring up extremism.Beyond this horizon of ignorance appears what might be called a horizon of influence:anyone individual can only accomplish a limited amount compared to the forces of states and hugebusinesses.Tim Berners-Lee,who invented the web,is horrified by some of the ways in whichit has developed but he has been powerless to stop them.Its true that collective action can haveeffects,but these are limited.A revulsion among the workers at Google has so far stopped thecompany from cooperating with the US immigration service.It has not stopped its YouTubealgorithms from corrupting politics in Brazil.Any effective moral action must come fromcorporations as a whole,not just some of their workers.But for all these drawbacks,this is still a worthwhile idea.The choice between individualand collective ethics is not either-or.Both are needed.The dominant ideal of the last decadeshas been boundless selfishness,both individual and corporate.Whatever helps to put limits onthat is not just desirable but essential.第4页备考咨询微信：bazhu250官方微博/微信公众号/知乎：挑灯成硕