专业外语词汇.ppt

15-1removal 切除metal maching processing 切削加工fundamentals 基本原理metalworking process 金属加工工艺blowhole 气孔porosity 孔隙eliminate消除,排除ductility延展性fracture破裂,断裂toughness刚度,韧性,austenite奥氏体thermomechanical processing 形变热处理工艺ausforming奥氏体形变martensite马氏体marstraining马氏体形变热处理perlite珍珠岩,珠光体pearlite珠光体,珍珠岩ferrite铁素体cementite渗碳体category类别，种类on the basis of根据direct-compression-type process直接受压型工艺indirect-compression process间接受压型工艺,tension type process张力型工艺bending process弯曲工艺shearing process剪切工艺right angle直角wiredrawing拉线，拔丝tube drawing拉管deep drawing深冲，深拉applied force作用力reaction反应，反作用力combined stress综合应力，组合应力stretch forming拉伸成形，拉伸造型contour轮廓，等高线，等值线rupture破裂，折断，裂缝plane of shear=shear plane剪切面mill product轧制产品sheet-metal金属薄板，金属片be referred to as被称为processing operation工艺作业fabrication制造total system综合系统be concerned with与有关，涉及yield屈服simulate模拟,15-2,applied plasticity应用塑性力学tractable易处理的plastic-rigid solid刚塑性体a first approximation一级近似strain hardening应变硬化isotropic各向同性的homogeneous均匀的finite element method methods有限元法large scale plasticity大比例塑性变形prescribe规定，指示mechanics力学，机构frictional condition摩擦条件limiting deformation极限变形fracture criteria断裂判据(准则)theory of plasticity塑性理论constant-volume relationship体积不变关系in term of根据，凭借true strain真应变conventional strain传统应变，名义应变=apparent strain=nominal strainnatural strain自然应变compressive stress压应力predominate占优势，统治，支配block料块，街区convention协定，惯例，习俗，规定reduction减少，压下，缩减量，还原,fractional reduction缩减分数engineering strain工程应变complexity复杂性meet.requirement满足要求general solution（微分方程的）通解order of complexity复杂程度fine detail细节slab method主应力法uniform-deformation energy method均匀变形能量法slip-line field theory滑移线场理论plane-strain平面应变upper-(lower-)bound solution上(下)界解matrix矩阵increment增量framework构架，框架wide strip宽带材included angle=separation angle夹角principal stress主应力longitudinal纵向的positive正的，阳极的turn to求助于，转向，致力于plastic work塑性功cylindrical圆柱体的transverse横向的yield-stress屈服应力constraint强制，约束,anneal 退火psi=pounds per square inch磅/平方英寸ideal work of deformation理想塑性(变形)功redundant work附加工，辅助作业indentation压痕punch冲孔，打孔，冲压机，冲床presentation介绍，陈述，表达Geiringer velocity equation盖林格速度方程Hodograph速度矢端图，速端曲线admissible velocity field容许速度场monograph=treatise专论，专题论文bibliographic书籍题解的,著述目录的,文献的Hencky equation汉基方程violate违犯的,亵渎的,干扰,违反,妨碍,侵犯call upon要求，号召,拜访limit design极限设计upper-bound上界civil engineer土木工程师angle of inclination倾角independent variable独立变量，自由变量dependent variable应变量，他变量dissipation耗散，逸散，能量耗散bulge鼓起，突出,perpendicular to垂直于，与正交likewise同样地recast重铸，重算，重做polygon多角形,多边形rigid block刚性体indenter受托代购商，压头constrain约束impact撞击，冲击concerned with有关axisymmetric轴对称的adaptation适应，改编，改写本，版本matrix method矩阵法Shiro Kobayashi小林史郎Incorporate into合并，缩写成interpolate窜改,添写进去,插入新语句preform预变形die fill模填充,succeeding 后续的invariable 不变地，总是flow resistance流阻，抗流变性uniaxial 单轴的measure out 测量出necking 颈缩anvil 铁砧ductile 易延展的homogeneous upset test均匀墩粗试验frictional resistance 摩擦阻力profile 轮廓barrel 鼓起的overlap 重叠profile 侧面internal 在中心的approach 逼近，靠近upward 向上弯axial 轴向的barreling 鼓起,buckle 弯曲platen 压盘grooving 开槽extrapolating 外延,外推Teflon=polytetrafluoroethylene特氟隆(聚四氯乙烯)lubricant 润滑剂crosshead 十字头，卡头servocontrol 伺服控制cam 凸轮plastometer 塑性计plane-strain compression test 平面应变压缩试验uniaxial compression 单向压缩hot torsion test 高温扭转试验rpm=revolutions per minuteradial 径向的tubular 管状的buckling 纵向弯曲reorientation 重新取向workability 可使用性，可加工性,15-3,15-4,recovery process回复工艺，恢复过程keep pace with与.同步，与齐步前进annealing 退火commercial alloy 工业合金lead 铅tin 锡tungsten 钨specific heat 比热mechanical equivalent of heat 热功当量fall off 下降，减少instantaneous 瞬间的，即刻的substantially充分地wrought 锻件轧材冷拔产品的总称creep test 蠕变实验oxidation 氧化titanium 钛inert 惰性surface finishing 表面抛光，精整embrittle使变脆decarbonization脱碳，脱碳作用，除碳法barrier障碍物，隔离物，屏障dimensional tolerance尺寸公差,excessive过分的adiabatic绝热的solidus 固相线crumble 破碎hot shortness热脆burning 过烧multiple passes多道次subsequence后继,随后dynamic recovery 动态回复cross slip交滑移climb 攀移creep deformation蠕变变形activation energy 激活能self-diffusion自扩散stacking fault energy层错能intermediate annealing中间退火versatility多功能性，多用性temper 回火spring temper 弹性回火implementation 执行，实现critical决定性的,superimpose添加,双重,迭叠,重叠cellular细胞的,网状的,蜂窝状的,胞状的substructure亚结构cell wall晶胞壁fcc=face centered cubic 面心立方crystallographic texture晶体学织构prefered orientation 择优取向rolled sheet 辊轧板dynamic recovery 动态回复dynamic recrystallization 动态再结晶annihilation 湮灭exponential 指数的unpinning 脱钉bcc=body centered cubic 体心立方,15-6,prestrain 预应变non-heat-treatable 不可热处理的cored structure 核状偏析组织spheroidization 球化处理pipe diffusion 管扩散soluble 可溶的inclusion 夹杂物ellipsoidal 椭球形fibrous 纤维的solvus 固溶度曲线age-hardening 时效硬化strain phase transformation 应变诱导相变fracture toughness 断裂韧度thermomechanical treatment 形变热处理,16-1,hammering锻锤pressing压制turbine涡轮rotor转子forging hammer锻锤drop hammer落锤impact blow冲击作用impact碰撞，冲击blow突然打击forging press锻压机open-die forging自由锻，开式模锻closed-die forging闭模锻造flat die平模die half半模upsetting镦粗prototype试验模型barrel鼓形edging边锻，侧锻fullering压槽锻stock原料，坯料,Internal-combustion engine 内燃机drawing down锻拉drawing out拔长concave凹面的swagging旋锻，环锻piercing打孔punching冲孔，穿孔indenting压窝die block模块，模具坯料dimensional tolerance尺寸公差production run生产性运行fuller压槽blocking die粗锻模finishing die精模，成品模squirt喷射flash飞边，毛刺ridge脊，隆起部分flash gutter飞边槽gutter槽，沟trimming die修整模，修边模,safety valve安全阀build up增进，增大recess凹进处opening通路intricate复杂的attendant附带的breakage损坏land width通道宽度draft angle倾斜角，脱模角web连接板，薄片，腹板，网状物rib筋(jin)，肋(lei)projection突出部分,凸块impression die压模taper逐渐变细fillet圆角facilitate使容易draft allowance倾斜角容许误差,16-4,hydraulic press 液压机power hammer 动力锤cog开坯propeller shaft 螺旋桨pressure vessel压力容器flat tool 平口刀具nomenclature 术语coefficient of spread宽展系数manifest表明，呈现spread宽展bite ratio咬入比spread law宽展定律spread ratio宽展比squeeze ratio挤压比lap重叠constraint factor约束系数,16-5,intermediate 中间的toward this end为此，因此isothermal forging等温锻造superalloy高温合金quenching激冷，淬火rationalize合理化quantitative定性量的unilateral单边的，单面的compact shape紧凑型subsidiary补充的，辅助的upset倒转hub轮毂，磁盘套，套筒flange凸缘，法兰,oblong长方形，椭圆形accentuate增强milestone里程碑airfoil机翼development work试制工作numerical controlled(N/C)machining数控切割electric discharge machining电火花加工electrode电焊条，电极sinking减径拔管parting line分型线，分隔线slab analysis主应力法account for解决,17-1,roll 轧辊close control 精密控制,精确检查rail 钢轨,导轨,横杆,围栏,扶手rod 棒,杆bar 杆,棒(barrodwire)terminology 术语,词汇with respect to关于,至于bloom 花,旺盛,青春；(使)开花,(使)繁盛；初轧坯(宽=厚，横截面积1515cm2)billet钢坯(横截面积44cm2)slab扁锭(宽2厚,横截面积1010cm2)loose 松动的，疏松的，不精确,sharp锐利的,锋利的,明显的,强烈的,刺耳的,急剧的,精明的,敏捷的mill product轧制成品mill production轧机生产能力electroplated slab电镀板powder rolling粉末轧制成型sinter烧结roll forming 滚轧成形,辊锻成形,轧锻driven roll 从动辊trim密封面，修整,装饰thread rolling滚丝,搓丝,17-2,drive 驱使,动力,推动housing 机架motor电动机multiple 多样的,多重的；成倍增加stand机架continuous mill连续式轧机capital investment 资金总额，资本投资two-high mill 二辊轧机rear 后面,后面的,背面的；举起platform升降台，送料台pullover 拔送器reversing mill可逆式轧机driven roll 从动辊backup roll 支撑辊cluster mill 多辊式轧钢机Sendzimir mill森吉米尔式轧机,二十辊冷轧机,tandem序列,串列的synchronize 同步uncoiler 开卷机,拆卷机windup reel 缠绕卷盘coil up 盘绕,盘起planetary mill行星式轧机feed roll 送料辊planishing roll 平整辊innovative 创新的pendulum mill摆式轧机reciprocate(使.)往复,互换cold reduce冷减径，冷轧contact-bend-stretch(CBS)rolling process接触-弯曲-拉伸轧制过程(滚压法)four-high mill四辊轧机(机座)floating bend roll 游动弯曲辊,17-3,primary roughing mill初始开坯机blooming mill 初轧机,方坯初轧机slabbing mill板坯初轧机cogging mill初轧机,开坯机,粗轧机heavy scale(钢锭的)厚氧化皮lying on edge侧立lying flat平放edging pass 立轧道次universal mill 万能轧机rolling mill 轧钢厂continuous casting连(续浇)铸bottom-pressure casting 加压下铸sheared plate切边的中厚板mill edge轧制的(未经剪切的)边,热轧边finishing roll精轧轧辊,universal-mill plate齐边钢板trimmed edge 铣过的底边irrespective不考虑continuous hot-strip mill连续式带材热轧机scalebreaker mill破鳞机roughing train 粗轧机组finishing train 精轧机组broadside mill宽展机cross rolling横轧edging roll 立辊,轧边辊scale 鳞皮coiler 卷取机diverse 不同的,变化多的nonferrous metal 有色金属product mix产品系列,产品组合,17-4,superior surface finish 高级表面光洁度cold reduction 冷压缩；冷减径pickle酸洗,腌,泡tandem mill 连轧机,串列式轧机delivery speed轧出速度versatility 多功能性versatile 通用的,万能的installation 安装,装置compete with 与.竞争,比得上surface finish表面抛光，表面精整yield point 屈服点,stretcher strains 滑移线temper rolling表面光轧，平整skin pass 表面冷轧，表面光轧roller leveling辊式矫直streteher leveling拉伸矫直roller-leveling machine辊式矫直机offset 错排，偏移leveler(=leveller)轧平机，矫直机flex 挠曲jaw 叉钳,钳夹,17-5,hexagonal 六角形的I beam 工字钢,工字梁beam梁,(光线的)束channel槽,沟grooved roll有槽oval 卵形的,椭圆的bar mill 小型轧机,棒材轧机merchant mill条钢轧机repeater 转发器roughing stand 粗轧机座finishing stand 精轧机座,成品机座strand stand 中间机架,17-8,mill spring 轧机弹跳calibration 标度,刻度,校准elastic constant弹性常数 screw 压下丝杠,螺丝elastic modulus 弹性模量automatic gage control(AGC)自动厚度控制flatness平直度，平整度,平面in-process 在线buckle 带扣；扣住,变弯曲；扣箍,纹contour 轮廓,周线,等高线；外形,轮廓zipper break拉链式破裂camber 拱形；呈拱形；隆起,上拱度crown 隆起hydraulic jack 液压千斤顶convex 表面弯曲如球的外侧,凸起的bridle roll活套张紧辊，拉紧辊flexile roll 挠性轧辊,roller-leveler辊式矫直机,钢板压平机secondary tensile stress 副拉应力alligator 产于美洲的鳄鱼alligatoring 鳄嘴裂口curling卷曲,卷边cumulative 累积的canning包套fissue裂缝,龟裂stringer 发纹oxygen lance 氧气喷枪grinding 磨削chipping 刨削scab 疤,痂sliver 渣粒seam 线,缝scratch 划伤discoloration 变色,污点,17-9,throughput n.生产量,生产能力,吞吐量imperative 强制的,紧急的,必要的sensor 传感器flying micrometer快速测微仪,飞测千分尺isotope同位素isotropy各向同性anisotropy各向异性gage(=gauge)标准度量,计量器,估计superimpose 重叠,添加reposition 重新配置,18-1,orifice孔,口；喷嘴reaction 反应,反作用,反动(力)direction extrusion直接挤压，正挤压indirect extrusion间接挤压，反挤压inverted extrusion反挤压back extrusion反挤压ram 杆,推杆，挤压杆dummy block(在挤压活塞与热金属之间)挤压垫pressure plate 压力板，压板mandrel 心轴；芯棒,顶杆,clearance间隙,空隙pierce刺穿,穿透,钻孔,穿孔sheathing 覆盖物,罩子,加护套lead sheathing包铅层electrical cable 电缆impact extrusion冲挤,冷挤压collapsible 折叠式mechanical press 机械压力机,18-2,alignment 队列,找平,找齐headroom净空,头上空间,净空高度pit 深坑,深渊,陷阱,凹陷warping翘面,扭曲,变形concentricity 同心refractory 难控制的,难熔的,耐火材料hydraulic accumulator system液压储能系统be prone to 有.的倾向,易于hot shortness 热脆direct-drive pumping system直接传动泵送系统ram speed(压力机)滑块速度；冲击速度finishing temperature 终轧温度,最后温度arrangment排列abuse 滥用,虐待,弊端thermal shock热冲击assembly 集合,装配,集会,集结,汇编die stack模具组合die holder凹模固定板;模座bolster 垫子,die head模头，冲垫container 挤压筒conical 圆锥的,圆锥形的seating surface 支持面wedge 楔；楔入,楔进liner 衬垫shrunk shrink的过去式和过去分词(使)收缩，(使)缩小stem 茎,杆follower pad 挤压垫片flat-faced die平模dead zone死区parallel land 平行带discard 丢弃,抛弃；放弃butt粗大的一端,残料carbon block碳砖炉衬,碳砖衬里runout table 输出辊道straightener 矫直机warpage翘曲,扭曲,热变形,18-3,breakthrough 临界点stroke 行程tenfold 十倍的,成十倍mass flow rate 质量流量natural and error 尝试法,试错法interdependence 相互依赖incipient melting初熔upper limit 上限slope 斜坡,斜面,倾斜;使)顺斜dissipation 消散,分散,浪费,消耗,18-4,grid patter网格状线，网格图形stagnant 停滞的,迟钝的expenditure 消耗,支出,花费redundant work 附加功,辅助作业shear plane切变面,剪切面sticking friction 粘着摩擦 thin skin 薄皮shear strength 切变强度Ugine-Sejournel process 尤金-塞焦耐特热挤压工艺，玻璃润滑剂高速挤压法glass pad玻璃垫,玻璃衬垫reservoir 贮藏处,贮备lamination 迭片结构；层压guard against提防,预防periphery 边缘,外围,oxide stringer氧化皮细纹，氧化皮发纹annular ring环孔follower block从动块,从动机构部分scalp 剥皮funnel 漏斗,烟窗,烟道incline 倾斜,斜坡,斜面severity 严重,激烈,.严重强度fir-tree cracking杉树状裂纹fir-tree crystal枝晶intergranular 晶粒间的chevron 人字形chevron cracking V形裂纹，人形裂纹frictional restraint 摩擦阻力sound product发声产品exaggerate 夸大,夸张,19-1,circular symmetry 圆对称drawing拉拔pulling拖，拽mandrel芯棒，顶杆tube winking缩口拉拔，减径拉拔，空拉tube drawing拉管,19-2,drawbench拉床，冷拔机point 弄尖swager锻锤，锤锻机clamp卡紧jaw钳夹drawhead拉拔机机头，拉床机头chain drive链条传动hydraulic mechanism液压机构pull拉力，张力bell钟形物，承口approach angle渐近角bearing region定径区，支撑区approach surface渐进面nib尖端，尖头，楔尖劈refinish再修整back relief 出口锥(带)casing外套steel casing钢外套cemented carbide 硬质合金diamond 金刚石 encase嵌入,bull block卷取机，冷拔机卷筒block drawing卷筒冷拔机，top view上视图side view侧视图pickling酸洗，浸洗rinse漂洗，清洗alkaline cleaning碱洗degreasing(碱洗)除油conversion coating可换涂层sulfate硫酸盐oxalate草酸(盐)EP(extra-pure)超纯的multipule die machine多模拉丝机degree Celsius(degree Centigrade)摄氏度Fahrenheit(degree)华氏度stepped cone级轮stepped cone multiple-pass wiredrawing级轮多道次拉伸机dead soft极软，完全软full hard全硬化，淬透,patenting铅浴淬火lead bath铅淬火槽music wire琴弦，琴用钢丝spring wire弹簧钢丝seam缝，线，裂缝sliver毛刺，渣粒pipe重皮(缺陷)chevron 人字形，V字形Cupping杯突,19-4,piercing冲孔cold finish冷加工精整sinking drawing减径拉拔plug drawing定径拉拔mandrel drawing长芯棒管材拉拔plug芯头mandrel芯杆match配合die throat模孔floating plug游动芯头pull拉力，张力，拉，拔frictional drag摩擦拽力rolling滚压reeling矫直disturb干扰，扰动,8-1,rheocasting流变铸造thixocasting触变铸造agitate搅动thixotropic property触变性质inclusion夹杂物soundness安定性，致密性shrinkage porosity收缩疏松，缩松，松心intersperse交替postpone延迟，暂缓rheological 流变的dispersed 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