写作主题词库（熟知即可不需背诵）【微信公众号：一烫】免费分享.docx

考研写作——主题词库 1. 人生哲理类 2. 社会热点类 3. 文化教育类 4. 人与自然 5. 学长补充更新热点主题词 注意： 英语一：注重人生哲理、文化品质等抽象类主题词，比如合作、积极、尊老爱幼等 英语二：注重经济或商业现象等具体类主题词，比如汽车尾气、网购、毕业薪酬等 一、人生哲理 1、合作 cooperation/collaboration/teamwork cooperate with others/be in cooperation with others/be in collaboration with others/work together team spirit/group spirit/community spirit团队精神 active/effective/mutual/close cooperation sense of teamwork 团队意识 ask for/call for/demand/seek cooperation 寻求合作 take an active part in cooperation/cooperate actively 积极合作 end cooperation 中止合作 make concerted/joint efforts/pool one’s efforts together 齐心协力 solidarity and friendship 团结友爱 essentially/mutually complementary win-win/all win/win for all 共赢 2、乐观、悲观 optimism/optimistic/optimist/optimistic mind/optimistic attitude pessimism/pessimistic/pessimist show/display/demonstrate optimism adopt/possess a(n) optimistic (positive) attitude (view, outlook) towards life(the problems confronting us) blind optimism excessively/overly/wildly optimistic 过于乐观 3、信心 boost/enhance/improve/increase/lift/raise confidence gain/acquire confidence 获得自信 rebuild/restore/regain/revive confidence 重获信心 damage/weaken/undermine confidence the lack of confidence/lack confidence exaggerate/overestimate/overrate difficulties underestimate one’s abilities 4、进取精神/坚持： an enterprising spirit 进取精神 non-stop efforts open up new ways forward 开拓前进 make progress constantly move forward constantly make constant efforts never stop making progress never give up keep making progress keep on striving 5、尚未考到的： diligence/hard work Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance. the spirit of self-improvement 自强不息 pursuit of one’s dream/ambition/aspiration/a great aim (goal) innovation/creative thinking/the spirit of exploration a down-to-earth working style 踏实、实干 friendship/love/mutual affection among different people/individuals showing consideration for people around 善待身边的人 indifference to other people self-depreciation 自卑 modesty谦虚/avoid conceit and impetuosity 戒骄戒躁 the mutual understanding between people (parents and their children) keep pace with the times/advance with times与时俱进 rise to the occasion 迎难而上 二、社会热点 1、社会公德 public morality 社会公德 awaken/wake up moral consciousness 道德意识 advocate traditional virtue/traditional moral values 弘扬传统美德(distinguished/fine traditions) duty/responsibility/obligation 责任 sense of responsibility shoulder/assume/undertake one’s duty/responsibility 承担责任 fulfill/discharge/perform one’s duty/responsibility 履行责任 avoid/evade/shirk/shun one’s duty/responsibility 逃避责任 devote/dedicate, devotion/dedication selfish devotion 无私奉献 the crisis of trust 信任危机 decline in moral standards the corruption of public morality 公德堕落 the lack of moral sense 道德缺失 put more attention on self-interest talk less about the spirit of sacrifice, contribution, mutual aid selfish soul 自私的灵魂 immoral behaviors/conduct 不道德的行为 spit everywhere 随地吐痰 make noise, talk loudly 大声喧哗 to respect the old and care for the young 尊老爱幼 Project Hope 希望工程 China Red Cross Foundation 中国红十字会 charities 慈善机构 donate/donation poor rural areas/poverty-stricken areas/impoverished areas start schooling 入学 drop out of school 辍学 attend school>go to school 上学 finish school/finish one’s studies完成学业 2、职业道德 lack of occupational self-discipline empty promise in the market promotion 空洞的承诺 false promise in the market promotion 虚假承诺 honesty 诚信 sales of counterfeit/fake goods/commodities to consumers(反义genuine commodity) dishonest/fraudulent behaviors 欺诈行为 (put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.) misleading/distorted information reliable/dependable/trustworthy information academic corruption 学术腐败 plagiarism 剽窃 food safety 食品安全 construction quality 工程质量 drainage oil 地沟油 poisonous milk powder 毒奶粉 unaffordable prices of medicines 药价虚高 illegal adds 非法广告 unfair competitions 不公平竞争 administration departments 管理部门 supervision departments 监管部门 authorities/departments concerned有关当局、部门 merchant 商人、商家 manufacturer 厂家 enterprise operator 企业经营者 disregard laws 漠视法律 shift the blame onto sb 推卸责任 disregard of laws and lack of any sense of social responsibility infringement on consumers’ rights and interests overwhelming desire for profits profits weigh much more than public benefits/public good be in the vulnerable position（一般指消费者处于弱势的地位） perform/fulfill one’s duty fairly and effectively 公正有效地履行职责 3、两代关系 1、 赡养父母 the old/the elderly/elderly people/the senior/senior citizens/the aged/aged people aging society 老龄化社会 aging of population人口老龄化 filial piety 孝道 fulfill filial duty/show filial piety to parents/practice filial piety 尽孝 support (take care of, sustain) aged parents (the old and infirm parents/the old/the aged/the elderly/the senior/senior citizens) 赡养老年人 show solicitude for parents 关心父母 mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents neglect sb/show no care (concern) for sb/lack concern for sb/treat sb thoughtlessly take (shoulder, assume) the responsibility for sth shirk (avoid, shift, abdicate) the responsibility for sth duty/obligation of the young traditional virtue of our nation the wellbeing of the seniors/the heath and happiness of seniors make painstaking efforts/expend all one’s energies 费劲心血 one’s later years/one’s remaining years 晚年 Charity begins at home. 百善孝为先 2、溺爱孩子 raise/breed/foster/nurture/bring up 抚养 spoil children/dote on children doting care/parental overprotection 溺爱 A child under the complete protection of parents/parental overprotection/be over loved (over protected) by parents/excessive love from their parents/over-dependence on parents/be carefully protected from hardship fragile young people children born in the 1980s, majority of them being the only child in their family(family-planning policy) encourage him or her to think and act independently help children towards independence/self-reliance suffer hardships/stand sufferings/bear tribulation create optimum conditions for children’s growth the pillar of the state 3、代沟： generation gap widen/expand generation gap (widen/expand the gap between the child and parents) narrow/bridge generation gap (narrow/bridge the gap between the child and parents) exchange ideas mutual understating/make allowance for each other 相互理解、相互体谅 misunderstanding reinforce family bonds/ties get estranged from one’s family members 4、啃老族 boomerang kids/children (the NEET group) 啃老族 NEET的全称是（Not currently engaged in Employment, Education or Training） reap without sowing 不劳而获 4、诚信危机 the crisis of trust A host of dishonest behaviors manufacture or sell fake and inferior goods at the cost of consumer’s interest bogus/fake/pirate products bogus/fake certificates peddle the sensational stories twist/distort the news return to sincerity and faith 返璞归真 keep promise 信守承诺 tell right from wrong 辨别是非 5、爱心 warm-hearted people 热心人 offer assistance/provide help 提供帮助 stretch out a helping hand to people in need help-givers 提供帮助的人 receive aid接受帮助 assistance recipients 受助者 6、健康 physical health (fitness, well-being) mental/psychological health (fitness, well-being) improve/enhance physical/psychological health hurt/damage physical/psychological health be in good/poor health state of health 健康状况 fitness levels 健康水平 a health problem 健康问题 sub-health 亚健康 state of mind 心态 physical exercise 体育锻炼 well-balanced diet 均衡饮食 junk food 垃圾食品 go on a diet 节食、减肥 sacrifice health 牺牲健康 damage/endanger one’s health improve one’s health infectious disease/illness chronic disease/illness provide medical services public health 公共卫生 7、交通 traffic jam/congestion, heavy traffic 交通堵塞 morning and evening peak 早晚高峰 rush hour 交通高峰期 bus lane 公交专用车道 odd-and-even license plate rule 单双号限行 traffic restrictions based on the last digit of license plate numbers 尾号限行 traffic control 交通管制 car-free day 无车日 private cars 私家车 develop public transport 发展公共交通 green commuting 绿色出行 green commuter Let's green our commute drunk driving 醉驾 drive after drinking /drive under the influence of alcohol 酒驾 drive when tired 疲劳驾驶 traffic accidents 交通事故 8、经济 economic crisis/financial crisis 经济、金融危机 the fallout of economic crisis/financial crisis 经济、金融危机的影响 fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition spur/stimulate economic development hinder/impede economic development job market 就业市场 look for/hunt for/seek a job job seeker a tough job market 严峻的就业形势 unrealistic salary expectations/pursue a high-paid job in the pursuit of short-term returns lack the qualities and skills required for the jobs they seek without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/vocational skills/career skills generate/create/afford job opportunities/employment opportunities career guidance 就业指导 start one’s own business 创业 allocate money to… reduce the funding for… lift/elevate people’s standard of living lower citizens’ standard of living eliminate poverty expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy slow down the pace of life speed up/accelerate/quicken the pace of life increase/expand domestic demand stimulate/spur/reduce consumption practice economy 实行节约 三、文化和教育类 1、文化交流、融合 cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange文化交流(frequent/constant/common cultural exchanges between different countries) The cultural blending/the cultural integration/the cultural fusion文化融合 The integration/blending/combination/fusion/collision of worldwide (global) cultures fusion of East and West/integration of Chinese and Western cultures traditional Chinese culture/national culture (Each national culture is a component of international culture) alien/foreign culture cultural identity 文化特性 cultural diversity 文化多样性 multiculturalism 多元文化 the co-existence of multi-cultures 2、中国传统文化 traditional Chinese culture as priceless spiritual treasure a long and colorful/splendid Chinese culture splendid and glorious cultural heritage/legacy/relics 辉煌灿烂的文化遗产 oriental glamour(charm)/the glamour (charm) of our culture invaluable/priceless spiritual treasure/wealth of all human beings Chinese cultural symbols 中国文化的符号 the unique characteristics/feature of each culture (possess unique characteristics/feature) the inheritance and development of culture from one generation to another show respect for/show honor to our own culture advocate/carry forward traditional culture gain deeper insight into/have a deeper understanding of/get a clear perspective of our own culture preserve and cherish traditions ignore/disregard traditions undermine traditions strengthen the cultural identity of a nation rather than erode the cultural identity of a nation Interpretation of classics can promote cultural development positively. Soft power Kung Fu 功夫 Peking/Beijing opera 京剧 (outdated) Tang Suit 唐装 traditional Chinese medicine (not scientific) folk art民间艺术 paper-cut剪纸 traditional Chinese philosophy Buddhism 佛 Confucianism儒/Confucius孔子/Confucius Institute 孔子学院 Humanity/Benevolence 仁 Taoism 道 Rite 礼 Butterfly Lovers 梁祝 classical ballet—the Swan Lake 天鹅湖 Enlightenment from the west 启蒙 Chinese craze 中国热 upsurge of Chinese craze 3、流行文化 网络 The Internet/the virtual net/the virtual world/the virtual net world /the cyber space Information superhighway With the advent/dawn of the Internet (era/age) the widespread/extensive use of the Internet a global village loyal/hardcore/frequent Internet users (netizens) web/net/online addiction (net indulgence) click the mouse press keys on the keyboard Internet café use the Internet/go on the Internet/surf the Internet (online)/have access to the Internet/linger online 上网 visit/log in a website download something from the Internet buy something on the Internet online shopping/banking chat/shop/book online make friends online chat online online gossip online games online job application group/integrate buying/purchase 团购 广告 the pervasive advertisements/advertising/commercials on TV advertiser/advertise a newspaper/magazine/TV/Internet/full-page advertisements Poster/Billboard/Flyer put/place an advertisement in newspaper/website display advertisements 播放广告 implant/insert ads 植入广告 be overwhelmed with advertisements emerge at the intervals between programs be inserted in programs, separating the whole into short pieces be implanted as a segment of programs the main channel/source of revenue for TV stations misleading/distorted/fraudulent information in TV commercials the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television 广电总局 introduce/impose restrictions on advertisements 偶像 idol worship/star worship/star chasing/idolatry 偶像崇拜 superstar followers/crazy fans of the stars 追星族 affect one’s studies/schoolwork 影响某人的学业 run wild/become so hard to control 变得不听管教 drop out/leave off one’s studies 辍学 grow up in good health 健康成长 4、教育 schooling 学校教育 life-long education 终身教育 compulsory education 义务教育 exam/test-oriented (driven) education 应试教育 education for all-round development 素质教育 well-rounded development of a child 全面发展 balanced development of a child 均衡发展 promote the student’s physical, mental(intellectual) and emotional development force-feeding method of teaching 填鸭式教学 force-feed the students Students should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas learn sth by rote 死记硬背 learn sth through understanding impart knowledge 传授知识 acquire (gain) knowledge/skills instill high moral values academic/theoretical knowledge practical skills equip oneself with academic knowledge and practical skills integrate theory with practice disconnect theory from practice shape/mould one’s character extra-curricular activities 课外活动 the spirit of exploration cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking think independently and critically stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity follow sth blindly/indiscriminately dampen the students’ enthusiasm/frustrate the students broaden/expand one’s vision/outlook/horizons 开阔眼界 stimulate one’s interest in sth sap/dampen student’s interest in sth strengthen/weaken students’ willpower tap one’s potential 开发潜能 fulfill one’s potential 发挥潜能 waste one’s potential give students motivation to do sth/motivate(stimulate) students to do sth (re)kindle students’ enthusiasm about… give the students inspiration pursue post-graduate study/take part in the entrance exams for postgraduates 考研 study abroad/go abroad for further education 出国留学 excessive/undue academic pressure 过大的学习压力 the burden of study/learning 学习负担 ease/relieve academic pressure intensify academic pressure affect academic performance 影响学习成绩 academic atmosphere 学习气氛 四、人与自然 1、人与环境 protect/preserve the environment/the preservation of environment destroy/destruct/ruin/devastate the environment/ the destruction of environment environmental degradation/environmental deterioration/the deteriorating environment reckless explo