The Olympic Games -知识点复习学案.doc

The Olympic Games -知识点复习学案 核心单词 1. compete vi.比赛；竞争 联想拓展 compete with 与……竞争 compete for 竞争以获得…… compete with/against sb. for sth. 为得到某物与某人竞争 compete in (a game, a match) 参加；在……方面竞争 be in competition with sb.和某人竞争 competition n.比赛；竞争 competitor n.比赛者;竞争者 competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的 易混辨析 compete/contest compete 表示“为了争得名次、奖金，合同等”，并不含有将对手征服的意思。 contest 所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛，也可以是有敌意的竞赛，旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等，此外还可以表示赢得选举。 He believed that nobody could compete with/against him. 他认为没有人能和他竞争。 More than 1,000 competitors took part in the competition to compete for the first prize. 1 000多名选手参加了争夺一等奖的比赛。 He has now competed in two Olympics. 他已经参加过两届奥运会了。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Our athletes will some games, such as running and wrestling. They have the hope to get some gold medals. （2009·12·江西南昌一中检测） A. compete B. compete in C. Join D. attend (2)用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 （原创） compete with/compete against/compete for/compete in ①It’s difficult for small markets to big ones. ②Will you the 100-metre race? ③The two athletes will the gold medal. 解析： (1) 选B。compete的意思是“竞技；比赛”，后面跟宾语时，用compete in表示“参加”；attend仅有“参加某项活动”的意思；表示参加活动也可以用join in。 (2)①compete with/against ②compete in ③compete for 2. admit vt.&vi.准许进入；容许；接纳(常用被动结构);承认 联想拓展 be admitted as ... 被接受为…… be admitted (to/into) 被准许进入…… admit (to) sth./doing 承认某事/做过某事 admit that 承认…… admit sb./sth. to be 承认……是 It is/was admitted that普遍认为…… He was admitted as a member of the basketball team. 他被接受成为篮球队的一名队员。 Only 200 children were admitted to/into the school every year. 那时每年只有200名儿童获准入学。 Will you admit having broken the window? 你承不承认你打破了窗户？ They freely admit that they still have a lot to learn. 他们坦率承认，他们要学的东西还很多。 He admitted his words to be mistaken. 他承认自己的话错了。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 Little Tom admitted in the examination, that he wouldn’t do that in future. （2009·12·山东东营模块检测） A. to cheat; to promises B. cheating; promised C. having cheated; promising D. to have cheated; promised (2)完成句子 （原创） ①他供认驾驶了这辆没有保险的车。 He the car without insurance. ②幸运的是，去年他被一所名牌大学录取了。 Luckily, he a key university last year. 解析：(1) 选C。考查非谓语动词。动词admit后常接动名词作宾语，即:admit doing 或admit having done，意为“承认做过某事”，据此排除A、D两项。句意为：小汤姆承认在考试中作弊了，并保证今后不再这样做。由于第二个空白处前面没有连词and,因此admit与promise不是两个并列的谓语动词，用promised形式是错误的， 而要用promising作伴随状语，故答案为C项。 (2)①admitted driving ②was admitted to/into 3. replace vt. 代替；取代；替换 常用结构： replace sth. 代替；取代…… replace sb. as 取代某人而成为 replace sb./sth. with/by 用……替换，以……接替 Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom. 课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 She replaced her husband as the local teacher. 她取代丈夫成了当地的老师。 I replaced the worn-out tools with/by new ones. 我用新工具来替换那些磨损不堪的旧工具。 联想拓展 in place在适当的位置 out of place在不适当的位置 in one’s place=in the place of代替 take the place of=replace代替；替代 take place发生；举行 take one’s place就位，就座 instead of代替；而不是（介词短语） With everything in place, she started lessons. 一切就绪，她开始讲课 高手过招 单项填空 Bob is ill today. Who can him in our football match? （2009·12·福建厦门检测） A. Replace B. take place C. instead of D. in the place of 解析：选A。根据句意此处有代替之意并且需要动词作谓语，replace=take the place of。instead of是介词短语，不能作谓语。 4. marry v. (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶；把……嫁给…… 常用结构： marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人（marry后不加介词） marry sb. to sb. 把某人嫁给某人 marry well 嫁个有钱人 She married a rich man. 她嫁给了一个有钱人。 He married both his daughters to rich businessmen. 他把两个女儿都嫁给了富商。 联想拓展 marriage n. 结婚；婚姻 married adj. 已婚的 get/be married (to sb.) （与某人）结婚 易混辨析 marry/get married/be married marry与get married强调动作，不能与表示时间段的状语连用; be married强调状态，可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 可以说She married/got married two years ago. 或She has been married for two years. 或It’s two years since she married/got married. 但不可以说She has married/has got married for two years. 答案：①去掉to ②got→have been或for ten years→ten years ago 5. promise vt. 允诺，答应 vi.有希望；承诺；答应 n. 诺言，承诺；迹象，征兆 常用结构： promise sth. 答应某事 promise sb. sth./promise sth. to sb. 答应给某人某物 promise (sb.)to do sth. 答应（某人）做什么事 promise (sb.) that ... 答应（某人）…… keep/carry out one’s promise 信守诺言 break/go back on one’s promise 违背诺言 make/give a promise 许诺/答应 Promise (me) never to be late again. 答应（我）决不再迟到。 She promised her mother that she would come back. 她答应妈妈会回来。 He made a promise to come back. 他答应回来了。 This year promises to be another good one for harvest. 今年看来又是个丰收年。 联想拓展 promising adj. 有希望的；有前途的 高手过招 单项填空 The girl to be a good dancer if she is well trained in an art school. （2009·11·福建厦门检测） A. expects B. allows C. Wishes D. Promises 解析：选D。由句意可知，此处为“女孩有希望成为优秀的舞者”，只有promise有“有希望”之意。 6. charge n. 费用；指控，指责；主管；掌管 v. 指控；收费；要价；承担责任；掌管；充电；控诉 All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。 She rejected the charge that the story was untrue. 她否认了她编造事实的指控。 He took charge of the farm after his father’s death. 父亲去世后，他掌管农场。 The committee has been charged with the development of sport. 委员会已经承担了体育运动发展的责任。 What did he charge for the repairs? 他们收了多少修理费？ Before use, the battery must be charged. 使用前，电池必须充电。 He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。 常用结构： at no extra charge 无需额外付费 be charged with 被控告犯……罪 in/under the charge of 在某人照看（掌管）下 in charge of 处于控制或支配 （某人/某事物）的地位 free of charge 免费 charge sb. money for (doing) sth. 为做某事向某人收取费用 take charge 负责；控制局面 高手过招 (1)单项填空 He told me that the factory was his brother. （2009·12·河北石家庄检测） A. in charge of B. in charge for C. in the charge of D. in the charge for (2)翻译句子 （原创） ①这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。 ②这儿由谁负责? 解析：(1) 选C。 in the charge of意思是“在……掌管之下”，而in charge of 意思是“负责，掌管”。如: Who is in charge of the factory? (2)①These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson. ②Who’s in charge here? 7. bargain n. 协议；廉价物 v.（与某人）讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件；谈判；讲条件 If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。 It’s a bargain.这可是便宜货。 Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。 常用结构： make a bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事与某人达成协议 bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 就某事与某人讨价还价 a good/bad bargain 一笔划算/不划算的交易 高手过招 (1)单项填空 The coat is really a good at such a low price. （2009·12·江西师大附中检测） A. Matter B. pattern C. seller D. bargain (2)翻译句子 （原创） ①你做了一笔很划算的交易。 ②工会为缩短工作周而（与管理部门）讨价还价。 解析：(1) 选D。考查词义辨析。从句中的“at such a low price”可以判断出前面要说的是“衣服很便宜”。英语中表示某东西买得便宜时可用 a good bargain这一固定搭配。 (2)①You’ve got a good bargain. ②The Unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week. 8. deserve vt.&vi.应受(报答或惩罚); 值得 The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 They deserve to be sent to prison.他们应该入狱。 联想拓展 deserve doing=deserve to be done=be worth doing值得做 The thief deserves punishing. =The thief deserves punishment. =The thief deserves to be punished. 这个小偷理所当然会受到惩罚。 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创） ①她积极努力, 应该得到奖赏。 ②如果你做错事，就应该受到惩罚。 答案：①She deserves a reward for her efforts. ②If you do something wrong, you deserve punishing/to be punished/punishment. 重点短语 9. one after another/the other 一个接一个地；陆续地 Please line up one after another. 请按顺序排队。 We achieved one victory after another. 我们取得了一个又一个的胜利。 联想拓展 one by one 逐个地；逐一地 one another/each other 相互 高手过招 翻译句子 ①他把所有的书都并列摆放起来。 ②账单纷至沓来。 答案：①He put all the books beside each other/one another. ②The bills kept coming in one after another. 10. stand for (指缩写或符号)代表；象征；支持；主张 What does EU stand for?EU代表什么？ Which group do you stand for?你支持哪一组？ 联想拓展 stand by 袖手旁观；无动于衷 stand by sb. 支持；帮助；站在……一边 stand out(from／as) 显眼；突出 stand up 站起；站立；起立 高手过招 (1)单项填空 I don’t know what the signal “X” on the road. Could you tell me? （2009·12·江西信丰中学检测） A. Stands B. refers to C. means D. stands for (2)完成句子 （原创） ①The letters UN （代表） United Nations. ②Don’t just （袖手旁观）. You can do something to help. ③The letters （突出；显眼） well against the dark background. (1)解析：选D。mean, refer to都有“代表”的意思，但是stand for一般是指“符号、手势、记号等”所代表的意义，而refer to指某个意思的对象；mean表达前面的语言的意义。如 “To give up doing something” means “ to stop doing something”.(放弃做某事也就是停止做某事。)“It” can be used to refer to a baby. (“It”可以用来指一个婴儿。) “V” is often used to stand for victory. (“V”可以用来表示胜利。) (2)①stand for ②stand by ③stand out 11. as well 意为“也，又，而且”，意思等同于too，also，但as well只能置于句末。 联想拓展 as well as意为“不仅……而且……，既……又……；除了……之外，还有……；和……一样好”。 as well as作介词用时，意思等同于besides,意为“除……之外”，后跟动词时通常用v.-ing形式。 as well as连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于as well as前面主语的单复数形式。 may/might as well do意为“不妨……；还是……好”。 Are you coming as well? =Are you coming, too? =Are you also coming?你也来吗？ They sell books as well as newspapers. 他们既卖报纸也卖书。 She cooks as well as her mother. 她做菜跟她妈妈做得一样好。 His wife as well as his children was invited to the party. 不仅他的孩子，连同他妻子也被邀请参加那次聚会。 We may/might as well ask him for some advice. 我们不妨向他征求一些建议。 高手过招 单项填空 ①Jack plays football , if not better than David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as ②E-mail, as well as telephones, an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 解析： ①选B。as well as意为“和……一样好”。“if not+better than”是一个插入语，去掉后，句子是Jack plays football as well as David。 ②选A。当as well as连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于前面的主语的单复数形式。 12. every four years 每四年；每隔三年 联想拓展 every与基数词、序数词、other或few连用，表示时间或空间的间隔，意为“每……；每隔……”。 every+基数词+复数名词 every+序数词+单数名词 every+other+单数可数名词 every few+复数名词 every four days 每隔三天 every third day 每三天 He comes to see his parents every three days. 他每三天来看望父母一次。 高手过招 单项填空 “Where are we now?” few minutes one of the children asked Miss Cornwall the same question. （2009·12·山东济南模块检测） A. Every B. Each C. Another D. A 解析：选A。every few minutes 每几分钟，符合句意。 13. take part in 参加，参与 The students take part in all kinds of activities after class. 学生们课后参加各种活动。 易混辨析 take part in/join in/join/attend take part in指参加有组织的重大的活动。 I took part in the game. 我参加了比赛。 join in指参加正在进行着的活动或游戏等，有时可与take part in换用。 Please come over and join in our game. 请过来参加我们的游戏。 join指参加团体或组织，成为其中的一员，也可用于join sb. in sth./doing sth.结构，表示“和某人一起做某事”。 Many of them joined the army. 他们很多人都参军了。 attend相当于be present at，多指出席，参加会议，讲座等。 He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定自己去参加会议。 高手过招 选词填空(join/join in/take part in/attend) ①—How many countries the Olympic Games in Athens? —202. ②The famous professor will come to give us a lecture. Will you go to it? ③His brother the army three years ago. ④May I your game? 答案： ①took part in ②attend ③joined ④join in 重点句型 14. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久以前的奥林匹克运动会的情况。 what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作call的宾语，“Ancient Greece”作宾补。what相当于the place that，因此what不能改为that，也不能改为where，因为where 只能作状语。 used to do过去常常（做）……；曾经…… 易混辨析 used to do/be used to do/be used to doing used to do sth. (would do) 过去经常做某事 be used to do 被用来做……(被动语态) be/get/become used to sth./doing =be/get/become accustomed to sth./doing 习惯于 My father used to smoke a lot. 我父亲过去烟抽得很厉害。（暗含“现在不抽了或抽得少了”的意思） I used to live in the countryside with my grandmother. 我曾经和祖母在农村生活过。 Wood can be used to make paper. 木头可以用来造纸。 I’m still not used to getting up early. 我仍然不习惯早起。 高手过招 单项填空 ①Water electricity widely all over the world. （2009·12·陕西咸阳检测） A. is used to produce B. is used to producing C. used to produce D. used to producing ②There many people in the office, but now nobody is allowed. （2009·12·江苏如东检测） A. used to be; smoking B. used to have; smoking C. used to be; smoke D. used to have; smoke 解析： ①选A。be used to do意为“被用来做某事”，符合句意。 ②选A。第一空there used to be意为“过去曾经有”；第二空smoking作前面many people的后置定语。句意为：过去很多人在办公室里吸烟，但现在谁也不允许这样做了。 15. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 其他国家都不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加! 句子结构为：nor/neither+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。此句型是一个倒装句，意为“……也不”，用于否定陈述句之后，说明后者的情况与前者相同。 联想拓展 用“so+助动词+主语”结构，表示肯定陈述句之后说明后者情况与前者相同，so it is with sb./It is the same with sb. 某人也是这样。so it is with sb./It is the same with sb.结构陈述两种或两种以上的情况，既可用于肯定，也可用于否定。 “否定词+助动词+主语”是常用的倒装句式，常用词：not, never, no, nowhere, neither, nor, hardly, seldom, little, rarely。 If you won’t go, neither/nor will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。 He don’t know about it. Nor do I. 他不了解这件事，我也不了解。 He never went again, and nor did he write to apologize. 他再也没去过，也没有写信道歉。 He disliked the film, and so did I.他不喜欢这部电影，我也是。 高手过招 单项填空 ①—I don’t think I can walk any farther! — . Let’s stop here for a rest. （2009·12·江苏盐城检测） A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don’t think so D. I think so ②—He has made great progress recently. — and . （2009·12·江苏南通检测） A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 解析： ①选B。根据最后一句“我们停下来休息一下吧”可知，回答者也不能再走了，因此用Neither can I。 ②选B。第一空表示对说话者的同意和赞成，意为“他的确如此”，第二空表示“你也一样”。 16. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and ... 妇女不仅被允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团队等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用…… not only ...but (also) ... 意为“不仅……而且……”。当此结构连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数要和邻近的主语保持一致。若not only置于句首，其所在的分句需要采用部分倒装。 He not only said it, but also did it. 他不但说到了，而且也做到了。 Not only you but also he is responsible for it. 不仅你而且他也要为此事负责任。 Not only does he work hard, but also he is very clever. 他不但学习刻苦，而且很聪明。 高手过招 单项填空 ①Not only English，but also he learns it well. （2009·12·陕西宝鸡检测） A. he likes B. does he like C. likes h