听写材料7.航海船.doc

听写是听力提高最有效的方法 托福听写作业7 听写稿：（将听写稿复制到下面） 订正稿：（将订正稿复制到下面） 正确原文： Last week, you recall, we discussed the early development of railroads in the United States. Today I want to mention an even earlier form of transportation, one that brought the first European settlers to America. And that's the wooden sailing ship. From colonial times, sailing ships were vital to the economy. Many coastal towns depended on fishing or whaling for employment and income. This was especially true in the northeastern states. And there the wood from nearby forests and the skills of local designers and workers also formed the basis of an important shipbuilding industry. But the big profits were to be made on trade with faraway places. And since sea captains often became part of owners of their ships, they had a strong interest in the commercial success of their voyages. So these Yankees, that's what US sailors and officers came to be called, they carried on a very profitable trade with other parts of the world. The high point of this trade came in the mid-19th century with the introduction of the clipper ship, the enormous Yankee clippers with huge sails reaching nearly two hundred feet into the sky. He'd carry passengers and cargo from New York around South America to San Francisco in less than three months and clear to China in just half a year. At that time this seemed unbelievably fast and efficient. But in the 1860s, more reliable steam-powered ships began to take over. And soon the important role of sailing ships in the US economy would come to an end.  生词摘录： 1. transportation: n. 运输 2. settler: n. 移居者 3. colonial times: 殖民时代 4. vital: adj. 至关重要的 5. whaling: n. 捕鲸（业） 6. shipbuilding: n. 造船 7. faraway: adj. 遥远的 8. voyage: n. 航行 9. Yankee: n. 美国北部各州的人，北方佬 10. clipper: n. 快速帆船 11. enormous: adj. 巨大的，庞大的 12. passenger: n. 乘客 13. cargo: n. 船货，货物 14. San Francisco: 旧金山 15. reliable: adj. 可靠的 16. steam-powered: adj. 蒸汽驱动的