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小升初语法题讲解-第03章:冠词和数词(2)数词 .docx
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小升初语法题讲解-第03章:冠词和数词2数词 小升初 语法 讲解 03 冠词 数词
2.数词 表示数目多少或顺序的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,one, two…… 表示顺序次第的数词叫序数词,the first(第一)、 the second(第二)…… 1) 数词的词形 基数 序数 1 one first 2 two second 3 three third 4 four fourth 5. five fifth 6 six sixth 7 seven seventh 8 eight eighth 9 nine ninth 10 ten tenth 11 eleven eleventh 12 twelve twelfth 13 thirteen thirteenth 20 twenty twentieth 1.13~19的基数词,在个位数上加后缀 -teen构成,并有两个重音。 thirteen、fifteen、eighteen 2.20~90各整十位数都以ty结尾。 twenty、thirty、fifty 3.20~100之间各数词要在十位和个位之间加连字符号“-”。 21 twenty-one、44 forty-four、98 ninety-eight 4.三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。 156 one hundred and fifty-six、204 two hundred and four、810 eight hundred and ten 5.1,000以上的数字,从后向前数,每三位数加一“,”;第一个“,”号前为thousand(千),第二个“,”号前为million(百万)……。 2,002:two thousand(and) two 35,456:thirty-five thousand, four hundred(and)fifty-six 6.序数词除了first(第一)、second(第二)、third(第三)外,其余的都是在基数词上加词尾-th构成,th读作[I],注意fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth这几个词。 注意 hundred, thousand, million前面要有具体数字,要用单数形式,但如果它们后面有of,那它们要用复数形式,同时,前面不能再加具体的数目。例: two thousand 两千 thousands of 成千上万 hundreds of 成百上千 Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city. 成千上万的人参 观了这座城市。 7.其他序数词由以上基本序数词合成。 第三十一:(the)thirty-first(31st) 第四十二:(the)forty-second(42nd) 第五十三:(the) fifty-third(53rd) 第九十九:(the) ninety-ninth(99th) 第一百零一:(the)one hundred(and) first(101st) 2) 数词的用法 There are five bikes. The third is mine. 那里有五辆自行车,第三辆是我的。 1.作主语 Thirty of them are Party members. 他们之中的三十人是党员。 2.作宾语 please pass me the second. 请递给我第二个。 3.作定语 The nine boys are from TianJin. 这九个男孩子是天津人。 The ninth boy is from Tianjin. 第九个男孩是天津人。 4.作表语 Six plus four is ten. 六加四等于十。 5.作同位语(只限基数词) We four will go with you. 我们四个人将和你一起去。 3) 数词的表示法及读法 1.章节、页数的读法 第一章:the First Chapter; Chapter One 第二节:the Second Section; Section Two 第三课:the Third Lesson; Lesson Three 第463页:page four six three 第507页:page five o[+(](零) seven 第2564页:page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four 注意 如果页码的数字较长,通常用基数词。 2.房间、门牌、电话号码的读法 第305房间:Room three 0(零)five 长安街76号:seventy-six Changan Street 电话号码:204-2244:telephone number two o(零) four two two(double two) four four 十一路公共汽车:Bus(No.) eleven 3.年代、日期、时刻的读法 a.年代是四位数字时,各分成二位来读, 公元1995年:1995(=nineteen ninety-five) b.日期使用一般的序数词来读取 5月10日:May 10th(=May tenth) c.时刻通常用基数词来读 8点45分:8∶45(=eight forty-five) 数词 练习题 1.Which number is wrong?_______.( ) A.Ninety B.Ninteen C.Ninth D.Nineteenth 【答案】B 【解析】十九的正确拼法是nineteen 2.-How old is your daughter?( ) -_________.We had a special party for her_________birthday last week. A.Ninth;ninth B.Nine;nine C.Ninth;nine D.Nine;ninth 【答案】B 【解析】句意:你的女儿多大了。- 九岁。昨天我们为她九岁的生日举行了一个特殊的聚会。基数词表示年龄。某人多少岁生日,用序数词。根据句意,故选B。 3.There are____students in our school.( ) A.four—hundred and forty—five B.four hundred and forty—five C.four hundreds and forty—five D.four hundred and fortyfive 【答案】B 【解析】four thousand,thousand不能加复数,thousands of是成千上万的… 4.The number4,123 is read_______.( ) A.four thousand one hundred and twenty-three B.four thousand and one hundred twenty-three C.four thousand and a hundred and twenty-three D.four thousands a hundred and twenty-three 【答案】A 【解析】4123 is read as four thousand one hundred and twenty-three. 5.How do you say 15,858 in English?( ) A.Fifteen thousands,eight hundred and fifty-eight B.Fifteen thousand,eight hundreds and fifty eight. C.Fifteen thousand,eight hundred and fifty-eight D.Fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight. 【答案】C 【解析】你怎么说15,858? 英语中只有千thousand,百hundred数量词,而且前面有具体数字时,不能用复数。由句意可知选C。 6.Tuesday is the_______day of a week in English.( ) A.first B.second C.third D.Fourth 【答案】C 【解析】英语国家中,星期天是一周的第一天,所以这里选C third 7.The students went out of the room___.( ) A.one by two B.one by one C.two by another D.one by the other 【答案】B 【解析】学生们一个接一个地走出房间。one by one固定短语,一个接一个 8.I've been a student there for nearly two and_______half years.( ) A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】A 【解析】句意:在这,我已经做了两年半的学生了。 two and a half years 是两年半的意思 9.---How soon will you finish your work? ---In about_______.( ) A.one and a half month B.one month and a half C.one and half a month D.a month and half 【答案】B 【解析】句意:--你要多久能完成你的工作?--大约一个半月。故选 B 10.It took me________to find out the key to the drawer.( ) A.one and half hours? B.one and a half hours? C.one and a half hour D.one and half hour 【答案】B 【解析】考查的是一个半小时的用法。有两种说法,一种是 an hour and a half,另一种是 one hour and a half hours.一个半小时,hour为可数名词,要用复数,故不能选A.C.另外,一小时我们通常会说 an huor。半小时就是half an hour. 11.Do you think there is any room for us________?( ) A.two B.the two C.second D.the second 【答案】B 【解析】我们两个,us two,two 是作为定语,起限定作用。等于two of us. 12.Which of the following is wrong?________.( ) A.He is a fifteen-year-old boy. B.He is at the age of 15. C.He is a boy of 15. D.He is fifteen year old. 【答案】D 【解析】正确表述:he is a fifteen-years-old boy或者He is a boy of 15 years old. 13.—How old is Steve?( ) —He is____________and he has an___________sister. A.13-year-old;10 years old B.13 years old;11-year-old C.13 years old;10-years-old D.13-years-old;11-years-old 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查合成形容词的基本结构,其中名词必须是单数,名词的前后要用“-”来连接。冠词的基本用法也要遵循。尤其是eight,eleven等等的前面要用an. 14.Their house is about___as big a sours.( ) A.times three B.three time C.time three D.three times 【答案】D 【解析】句意:他们的房子大约是大房子的三倍。倍数有三种表达法:⑴A is three times bigger than B⑵A is three times the size of B⑶A is three times as big as B。 15.Of the coats made of cotton.They feel comfortable.( ) A.Two-thirds;is B.Two-thirds;are C.Two-third;is D.Two–third;are 【答案】B 【解析】分数表示法为:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1, 分母加s,在分子与分母之间可加连字符也可不加连字符,所以2/3表示为two-thirds 或two thirds ;分数在句中作主语时谓语和它修饰或指代的名词 16.---Do you mind telling us something about this area?( ) ---Not at all.________of the land in this area_________covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,are C.Two fifths,is D.Two fifths,are 【答案】C 【解析】根据题干,第一个空是分数。在英语中表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子超过一的,分母要加s,故用排除AB;根据本句的主语 the land可知,此处应该用is。所以本题选C。 17.______of the floor_______wet.( ) A.Three quarter;is B.Three fourths;is C.Three fourth;are D.Three quarters;are 【答案】B 【解析】句意:四分之三的地板是湿的。选B 18.About_____of the workers in my company______to work everyday.( ) A.two-nineths;drives B.two-nineths;drive C.two-ninths;drives D.two-ninths;drive 【答案】D 【解析】句意:在我的公司每天大约有九分之二的员工开车上班。two-ninths九分之二,为固定表达,本句中主语为workers,为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式,故选D 19. –Can I help you? --Yes,I’d like_______for my twin daughters.( ) A.two pair of shoes B.two pair of shoe C.two pairs of shoes D.two pairs of shoe 【答案】C 【解析】句意:能帮您什么忙吗?——是的,我想为我的双胞胎女儿买两双鞋。结合语境可知pair应用复数形式,shoe,鞋一般没有穿一只的,故多以复数形式出现,故选C。 20.We don’t have enough nurses to look after the patients.Atleast_____are needed.( ) A.ten another nurses B.more ten nurses C.other ten nurses D.another ten nurses 【答案】D 【解析】根据语义后一句话的意思应该是至少还需要10个护士。重点解释一下B和C选项,B想表达的是再来十个,但应该说ten more。C的意思成了其他十个护士,A和D选项词语的顺序不一样,正确的顺序应该D另外十个,ten 与 nurse的关系更紧密。 21.At night we can see______stars in the sky.( ) A.thousands and thousands of B.thousand and thousands of C.a thousand and thousands D.thousand and thousand 【答案】A 【解析】thousands of 数以万计的,hundred thousand billion 等单词,一般不加s,只有hundreds of,thousands of,billions of这一种情形。

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