四级词汇高频500_笔记(2).docx

单词 释义 例句 例句翻译 according accord v.符合 cord-心 cordial a.热情友好的，由衷的 双辅加元：加强/否定。 discord v. 不和 分歧 相等的，一致的；依…而定的 [真] According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered innocent until the court proves the person is guilty. 根据美国法律，如果某个人被指控犯罪，在法庭证明他有罪之前，他会被认为是清白的。 author v. 撰写 写作 father v.发明 创立 farther a/adv: 较远的/地（further） authority n. 专家； 权威人士； 行政管理机构；权威 authorize v.授权 著作家，作者；创始人，发起者 [真] My name is Brendan Leonard, and I'm an author, magazine writer, filmmaker and public speaker. 我叫布兰登·伦纳德，是一名作家、杂志撰稿人、电影制片人和演说家。 accord 一致，符合；(尤指国与国之间的)协议 [真] Apple's products were designed to accord with the boss's tastes and to meet his extremely high standards. 苹果公司的产品是按照老板的品位来设计的，需要满足他那极高的标准。 likely 可能的 unlikely adj. 不太可能的 adv. 未必 not necessarily: 未必 like 喜欢 dislike 不喜欢 like 像 prep. unlike 不像 可能的；适合的 [真] Students are more likely to think about their actions and see whether they will lead to trouble. 学生们更有可能去思考他们的行为，并考虑他们的行为是否会带来麻烦。 system 体系，系统；制度，体制 [真] The United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. 美国拥有世界上最发达的公路系统之一。 kid 小孩；年轻人 [真] The whole program started as a safe place for kids to come after school. 整个项目一开始是为了在放学后给孩子们提供一个安全的去处。 interest n.兴趣 利益 v.使感兴趣 interested 感兴趣的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 disinterest n.无兴趣 不关心 v. 使不关心 disinterested a. 无私的 冷漠的 公正的 兴趣；利益，利害关系；利息 [真] Since they haven't built up their credit histories yet, it's a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt. 既然他们还没有建立信用记录，那么几乎可以肯定，这些年轻人正在为因此产生的信用卡债务支付着相对较高的利息。 identify v.认出 鉴定 identity n.身份 特性 identification n.辨认 识别 den-deng等 identity card身份证 认出，鉴定；找到，发现 [真] Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment. 邮政服务部门努力识别需要优先处理的物品。 happen 发生；碰巧，恰好 [真] The competition only happens every four years and the last time the team went, they won the third place in the nation. 这一赛事每四年才举办一次，上次这支队伍参赛的时候，他们赢得了全国第三名。 technology 工艺学；工艺，技术 [真] A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 如果没有明显优势的话，一项新技术不太可能取代旧的技术。 improve v.提高 改善 enhance v.增强 提高 strengthen v.加强 upgrade v.改善 升级 better v.改善 ameliorate v. 改善 deteriorate v.恶化 worsen v.恶化 worse a.更坏的 变得更好；改善；提高 [真] Students find instant feedback helps improve their learning considerably. 学生们发现，即时反馈可以帮助他们显著提高学习效果。 benefit n.好处 益处 v. 使收益 得益于 benefit from... beneficial a.有好处的 be beneficial to 对...有好处 be harmful to 对...有害处 do good/harm to detrimental 有害的 不利的 利益；恩惠；救济金，保险金，津贴；[常pl.] 福利 [真] Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another. 烹饪使人们在很多方面受益，而且能使人们之间相互联系。 provide sb with sth offer sb sth 提供，供给 [真] Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem. 一些快餐公司供应健康的食物，为了给人留下它们在帮助解决肥胖问题的印象。 require v. requirement n.要求 qualification n.资质 quality n. 质量 quantity n. 数量 qualify v.使具有资格 quantify v. 测定数量 量化 需要；要求；命令 [真] Each jump required careful planning and expert timing. 每一次这样的跳跃都需要周密的计划和专业的时机掌控。 item 项目；一条(新闻)；一件商品(或物品) Can we move on to the next item on the agenda? 我们可以接着讨论下一项议程了吗？ include v. 包括 exclude v.排除 conclude v.总括 inclusive a.包容的 exclusive a. 排外的 专用的 conclusive a.结论性的 inconclusive a.无决定性的 In conclusion, To conclude, To sum up， To summarize, by and large，大体而言 on average 平均 普通 average people common 包括，包含 [真] The figures include a number of costs associated with air pollution. 这些数字包括与空气污染有关的许多费用。 adult adolescent n.青少年 escent-渐变 less descend 下降 ascend 上升 scend-攀爬 上 下 descendant 后裔 成年人 [真] Learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult, and this can take days and weeks rather than hours. 对一个成年人来说，学习骑自行车几乎总是更困难些，可能需要花费几天或几周，而不是几个小时。 product 产品，产物；乘积 [真] Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which they believe will be the future of the publishing business. 许多传统教科书出版商现在都提供在线数字产品，他们认为这将是出版业的未来。 activity 活动；活力；行动 [真] The most popular outdoor activity for Americans was gardening. 美国人最热衷的户外活动是园艺。 local 地方性的；本地的；局部的 [真] This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets. 这使他能够依据在当地市场可获得的食材来重新诠释英国菜。 comprehension n.理解力 comprehensive a.理解的 综合的 comprehend v. 理解 领悟 com-合 加强 pre-前 previously hend-抓住 掌握 hand 理解，理解力，领悟；理解力测验 The question is even beyond his comprehension. 这个问题甚至超出了他的理解能力。 result 结果；成果；比分 [真] Americans' high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat. 美国人各种疾病的高发率是由他们的饮食方式造成的。 create 创造；引起，产生 [真] That was the great thing about Facebook—you could create your own little private network. 那正是脸书的伟大之处——你可以创建自己的小型私人关系网。 support 支撑；支持；供养；证实 [真] But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. 但是政府支持没能跟上学生人数增长的速度。 focus on 集中于 center on 集中在 concentrate on 集中精力于 (使)聚焦；(使)集中 I have been so busy focusing on my career. 我一直集中精力忙于自己的事业。 concern n.关心 担忧 v. 关于 涉及 影响 concerning prep. 关于 涉及 a. 让人不安的 regarding prep. 关于 regard n.尊重 关心 问候 regards regard...as consider...as take...as 关切的事，有关的事；关心，挂念；关系，关联；公司，企业 [真] Villiers is not concerned about this criticism. 维利尔斯并不关心这种批评。 career 生涯，职业；经历 [真] The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. 对于那些处在职业生涯初期的科学家们而言，工资削减对他们的影响或许还不算太严重。 project 方案，计划；课题，项目；工程 [真] The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a fifth generation or 5G network. 致力于该项目的科学家选择建立4G网络，而非第五代（5G）网络。 design v./n. 设计 designate v. 把...描述为；任命；标明 设计；策划 [真] The software, named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. 这款名为泰勒的软件被设计用来回复18~24岁之间的年轻人发来的消息。 ability 能力，本领；才能，才智 [真] Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. 失去思考和记忆的能力是非常可怕的。 disease 病，疾病；不健全；弊端 [真] But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. 但是从长远来看，预防疾病比治疗疾病更划算。 tend v. 趋向 tend to do trend n. 趋势 social trend global trend tendency n. 趋势 倾向 sea sky 男人的胸怀 There is a trend/tendency for sb/sth to do; 易于，往往会；趋向，倾向；照管，照料，护理 [真] People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems. 睡眠少的人往往会患高血压、心脏病、糖尿病，还有体重增加和其他问题。 average 平均数，平均 [真] An average person consumes 144 pints of milk a year, but 40% of that is poured on to cereal and 60% of those people are children. 一个普通人一年要消耗144品脱牛奶，但其中40%是倒在麦片上食用的，而60%是由儿童消耗的。 culture 文化，文明；教养；培养；培养菌 [真] He explained politely that in his culture the New Year did not begin January first. 他礼貌地解释道，在他的文化里新年并不是从1月1日开始的。 opportunity 机会，良机 [真] The reality is that finding opportunity without help from families, friends, schools, and community is virtually impossible. 现实是，如果没有家人、朋友、学校和社区的帮助，找到机会几乎是不可能的事。 process n. 步骤 过程 v. 加工 处理 procedure n.程序 步骤 proceed v. 继续做 行动 开展 过程；制作法；(法律)程序 [真] The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. 《写作无师自通》这本书向我介绍了一种区别和一种练习方法，帮我大幅提高了写作水平。 challenge n.挑战 v.挑战 change 变化 chance 机会 choose v.选择 choice n. 选择 挑战；邀请赛；艰巨的任务；怀疑，质问 [真] The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember. 互联网广告商面临的挑战就是创作出能让观众记住的广告。 decline v. 下降 谢绝 increase--decrease rise--fall ascend--descend rocket n. 火箭 v.快速增长 spur v.刺激 鼓励 下降，减少；衰退 [真] Between 1981 and 1997, detailed time-use studies showed that the time children spent at play declined by 25 percent. 1981年至1997年间，对使用时间的详细研究表明，儿童玩耍的时间减少了25%。 affect v.影响 感动 effect n.效果 v. 实现 effort n.努力 effective a.有效的（结果） efficient a.效率高的 （过程） fec- affect effect fac- factor fact factory fic- fiction 小说 虚构的事 artificial 人造的 fuc- fuck 影响；感动 [真] Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. 脑细胞的改变会影响大脑不同区域之间的交流。 economic a.经济的 经济学的 节约的 economical a.经济实惠的 节约的 economy n.经济 historic a.历史的 historical a.历史学的 基于史实的 经济的；经济学的 [真] Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home. 经济因素似乎不太能解释为什么年轻成年女性越来越有可能住在家里。 global a.全球的 globalize v. 全球化 globalization n.全球化 urbanization n.城市化 industrialization n.工业化 commercialization n.商业化 with globalization accelerating, with society developing, 全球的，全世界的；总的，完整的 [真] A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014. 一项在全球范围进行的研究调查了1914年至2014年期间200个国家18岁人群的平均身高。 environment 环境，外界；周围的情况 [真] Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. 为了让学生操控整个过程，老师们应该致力于为他们创造一个支持性的、创造性的学习环境。 patient 忍耐的，有耐心的 [真] The medical center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. 洛马琳达大学的医疗中心和医学院也为患者提供了一个食品柜和厨房。 security n. 安全 保障 安全感 保护措施 secure a.稳固的 安全的 v. 获得 使安全 保护 se-分开 separate cure 治疗 care关心 safe a.安全的 n.保险箱 safety n.安全 safe and sound安然无恙 安全，保障；抵押品；证券 [真] People from different races, genders, and regions all suffer from a lack of financial security. 不同种族、性别和地区的人都缺乏经济保障。 access n. 入口 v.接近 accessible 可接近的 inaccessible 不可接近的 tangible 可以摸的 intangible 不可以摸的 visible 看得见的 invisible 看不见的 unconscious subconscious conscious 接近；通道，入口；接近(或进入、c享用)的机会 [真] San Jose's officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessary for success in life. 圣何塞的官员们决心让贫穷的孩子们获得成功生活所需的资源。 survey 审视；概述；测量 [真] The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. 研究者们对1700多人分别进行了五项调查。 writing 书写，写；著作 [真] Writing keeps us in touch with other people. 写信使我们与其他人保持联系。 major n.专业 a.主要的 v. 主修 major in 主修 minor in 辅修 a majority of a minority of 较大的；主要的；重大的 [真] Texting while driving was listed as a major cause of road deaths among young Americans back in 2013. 在2013年，边开车边发短信的行为被列为美国年轻人在交通事故中死亡的一个主要原因。 community 社区，社会，公社；团体，界；(动植物的)群落 [真] Natural disasters can have a long-lasting impact on community life. 自然灾害会对社会生活产生长期的影响。 select v.选择 selective a.选择性的 lect-选择 elect v.选举 collect v. 收集 collection n.收藏品 专辑 collective a. 集体的 collectivism n.集体主义 选择，挑选 A select group of wine critics will also be given a taste. 一批优秀的评酒师也将过来品酒。 condition n.条件 v.限制 约束 unconditional 无条件的 状况，状态；环境 [真] Three children in every classroom have a diagnosable mental health condition. 每个教室中都有三个孩子患有可被诊断出来的心理健康问题。 consumer 消费者 customer 顾客 consume v.消费 消耗 consumption n.消耗 肺结核 consumerism 消费者至上主义 消费者，用户，顾客 [真] Consumers have more money in their pockets when they're paying less at the pump. 当消费者支付汽油的钱变少时，他们兜里的钱就会变多。 physical 物理的 mental 精神的 physical and mental health身心健康 身体的；物理(学)的；物质的，有形的 [真] What mattered most was the residents' physical health and mental status. 最重要的是居民的身体健康状况和精神状态。 risk 危险，风险；引起危险的事物(或人) [真] About 195,000 Syrian families are particularly at risk. 约19.5万个叙利亚家庭的处境尤其危险。 academic a. 学术的 n.学者 academy n. 学院 academic master学硕 professional master 专硕 学院的；学术的；纯理论的，不切实际的 [真] Although women make up the majority of undergraduates in our universities, just under half of academic staff are female. 在我们大学，虽然本科生中女性占了大多数，但在教学人员中，只有不到一半是女性。 allow v.允许 permit v. 批准 许可 n. 执照 允许，准许；同意给；承认；允许…进入(或停留) [真] Spending time alone also allows you to more efficiently take care of problems. 独处也能让你更有效地处理问题。 avoid 避免，躲开；撤销 [真] To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee. 为了帮助预防头痛，要多喝水，避免饮酒和喝咖啡。 force 强迫；用力推动，用力打开 [真] A new study in mice may help to explain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. 一项在老鼠身上进行的新研究可能帮助解释为什么饥饿感可以是一种如此强大的推动力。 graduate 毕业生；研究生 [真] Girls who graduate from single-sex schools are three times more likely to become engineers than those who attend coeducational schools. 从女校毕业的女生成为工程师的可能性是从男女混合学校毕业的女生的三倍。 attach v. 附上 贴上 依恋于 I feel attached to you. tach-触碰 touch 摸 I am so touched. attach importance to; pay close attention to; place importance on; place emphasis on; highlight the importance of; emphasize v.强调 缚，系，贴；附加；使依恋，使喜爱；使附属；认为有(重要性、责任等) This tag was attached to the shoe. 这张标签贴在了鞋上。 issue 问题；发行；分发 [真] How we talk to ourselves matters, and how we talk about issues makes a difference. 我们跟自己对话的方式很重要，我们谈论问题的方式也会有影响。 lower 较低的；下面的 [真] Students who don't get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. 学生如果没有充足的睡眠，出勤率就会不高，考试成绩也会较低。 remain 剩下，余留；保持，仍然是 [真] Some parts of Shakespeare's life will always remain unknown. 莎士比亚一生的某些部分将永远是未知的。 resident n. 居民 reside v.定居 居住 inhabitant n.居民 inhabit v.居住 habit n.习惯 居民，定居者；住院医生 [真] The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists. 威尼斯常住居民人数的减少主要是由游客人数的增加导致的。 device n.装置 设备 devise v. 设计 发明 vis-看 visit 拜访 vision 幻想 视觉 prevision v.设想 预知 practice n. 实践，惯例，做法 practise v. 实践 common practice惯例 common sense 常识 器械，装置，设备；手段，策略 [真] Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. 第三，数字录制设备使观众在看什么样的商业广告方面更有控制权。 measure v.测量 n. 措施 meter n.米 take effective measures /steps/moves; measurable 可测量的 immeasurable 不可估量的 测量，度量；衡量 [真] The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage. 意大利政府刚刚与联合国教科文组织达成协议，要采取措施保护其文化遗产。 pressure 压(力)，压强；压迫 [真] But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles. 但是购买本地食材和节省食品运输成本也存在一定的压力。 compare v.比较（similarity） contrast v.对比（difference） comparison n.比较 incomparable a.无比的 unrivaled a.无与伦比的 unparalleled a.无双的 rival竞争对手 情敌 river 河流 ri-起源 （水） O太阳 origin n.起源 originate from v. 起源 derive from v. stem from v. oriental a.东方的 New Oriental 新东方 ri日 Ori- 比较，对照；把…比作 [真] In California, 65% of K-12 teachers are white, compared with a student population that is 75% students of color. 在加利福尼亚州，65%的中小学教师是白人，而学生中有色人种占到75%。 demand 要求，需要；查问 The victims' families demanded an explanation for the plane crash. 遇难者家属要求解释空难的原因。 effort 努力，努力的成果 Only a tiny fraction of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. 只有一小部分美国人改变了行为方式，努力保护他们的隐私。 material n.材料 a.物质的 materialistic a. 唯物主义的 贪图享乐的 physical health mental health spiritual a. 精神的 body--physical 本我 mind--mental 自我 soul--spiritual 超我 材料，素材 [真] I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture and put that extra money towards the new material. 我设法卖掉了很多旧家具，并用这笔额外赚的钱购买了新材料。 professional a. 专业的 n.专业人士 professional master专硕 academic master 学硕 profession n.职业 professor n.教授 profess v. 声明 公开承认 fess-说 confession n.忏悔 坦白 职业的，专业的，专门的 [真] I have enough professional clothes. 我的职业装已经够多了。 single 单一的；独身的；单程的 You can single out one or two books you are interested in. 你可以挑出一两本你感兴趣的书。 translation 翻译；译文，译本 [真] One of the best things the company has done is to contract with a language service that offers tra